Disciplinary Assignment Part 2 Grading Rubric

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Running Head: Disciplinary Assignment

CJUS 520- Disciplinary Assignment

Jasonus Tillery

Liberty University

CJUS 520- Disciplinary Assignment-Part 1

The United States Supreme Court is the absolute highest court in the country. It generally hears cases that involve issues of federal law. The Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction over the federal and state courts (Supreme Court of the United States, 2013). When a case is referred to the Supreme Court, the decision that is derived is final because there is no other court to appeal to. Generally, when a case is appealed to the Supreme Court, it usually means that there were issues or controversy involved in the cases in the State or Federal Court. There are three cases that were tried at the Supreme Court level that are of particular interest to this class: Brady vs. Maryland (1963), Giglio vs. United States (1972), and United States vs. Agurs (1976). Each of these cases presented issues, which will be discussed below.

Brady vs. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963)

In the Brady vs. Maryland case, Brady the defendant and his companion were convicted of first-degree murder and were sentenced to death. During the trial, Brady admitted to being at the crime scene and participating in the crime, but he stated that his companion was the one who actually committed the murder. Brady’s attorney did not contest the fact that Brady was guilty, he or she only pleaded with the jury to not return with a capital punishment verdict. The defendant’s lawyer however, was not privy to the fact that Brady’s companion had admitted to murdering the victim alone. Prior to the start of the trial, the defendant’s attorney requested to see all the evidence that the prosecutors had in their possession. However, the prosecutors failed to disclose Brady’s companion’s confession. Brady’s attorney was not aware of the confession until after his client’s trial. At that point, Brady had already been convicted and sentenced (Hooper & Thorpe, 2007). The prosecutor is required by law to disclose to the defense any evidence that is favorable to the defendant. Failure to do so denies the defendant to due process of the law. Therefore, there had to be a new trial, but not to determine guilt, rather than to determine Brady’s punishment. Brady had already confessed to his participation in the crime, so the sentence of death was what had to be re-tried. Although many would disagree with the fact that the prosecutor has to disclose information favorable to the defendant, it is still the law. Therefore, violating this law results in a violation of the defendant’s Fifth Amendment right.

Giglio vs. United States vs. 150 (1972)

In this case, the defendant Giglio was being prosecuted for forging $2300 in money orders, which at the time was a significant amount of money. The controversy in this case derived from the testimony of Giglio’s Co-conspirator Robert Taliento. Taliento was the only witness that the prosecution had that linked Giglio to the crime. Taliento struck a deal with the U.S. Attorney, which stated that if he testified against Giglio he himself would not be prosecuted. He testified that while he was a teller at a bank, he would provide customer’s signature cards to Giglio. Giglio in turn took the signature cards and forged $2300 worth of money orders. Giglio’s trial did not commence until two years later (U.S. Supreme Court Center, 2013). He was sentenced to five years in prison. While Giglio was waiting for appeal his attorneys discovered the government failed to disclose the fact that Taliento was promised immunity in exchange for his testimony. The Supreme Court granted certiorari to determine if the evidence withheld required a new trial under the due process criteria that had been enunciated in the Brady vs. Maryland trial, 373 U.S. 83 (1963). The court held that disclosing pertinent information was the responsibility of the prosecutor and failure to do so was a violation of Giglio’s Fifth Amendment rights (U.S. Supreme Court Center, 2013). The court had to rule that due process required Giglio to have a new trial (U.S. Supreme Court Center, 2013). Once again one can see the importance of full disclosure of the prosecutor to the defense. Although full disclosure may not have made a difference in the outcome of the trial, it is still required and failure to do so is a violation of due process.

United States vs. Agurs (1976)

In the United States vs. Agurs, Agurs, the defendant was on trial for second-degree murder for killing her estranged husband with a knife during a domestic dispute. The victim had been stabbed repeatedly and the accused was uninjured. The defendant claimed that she killed her husband in self-defense. Sewell had previous charges of assault and carrying a deadly weapon, however, the prosecutor failed to disclose this to Agur’s attorney. Once the defense discovered this information, they motioned for a new trial, but it was denied by the district court on the grounds that Sewell’s criminal record was not relevant. The Court of Appeals reversed this ruling because failure to disclose this information did not allow for a fair trial and violated the due process clause. The case was re-tried.

In all three cases the prosecution failed to disclose significant information to the defense that would allow the defendants to a fair trial. One would think that it is the responsibility of the defense to find out all the pertinent information that will aid in their client’s defense. However, according to the law, any information discovered by the prosecutor or defense that could have a significant outcome on the verdict must be disclosed. Failure to do so can result in new trials, reversals, etc. as seen in the three trials above.

Professional Memorandum

It was brought to my attention by my Deputy Chief of Police that Officer John Smith is being investigated for the use of pornographic websites while on duty. When approached about the illegal use of the sites on the agency computer, the officer denied the allegations. Upon further investigation, it was determined that the officer used his own username and password on the agency computer. Once this information was brought forth, Officer Smith finally admitted his transgression and apologized stating that it would never happen again. The officer has only had one discipline in his 15 years at the agency. The discipline was over 10 years ago and there is no correlation to what he currently admitted to doing. As a law enforcement officer, it is imperative that one is truthful and credible at all times. An officer’s credibility is essential to the agency’s ability to carry out its missions (Judge, 2005). Officers are required to handled privileged information, secure information, handle drugs, money, process crime scenes, maintain confidential information, and guns (Judge, 2005). Therefore, an officer’s word and credibility has to be almost flawless. Besides the fact that they have to handle very sensitive and crucial information, law enforcement officers must be honest and truthful at all times in the event that they have to testify in the court of law.

There are five Supreme Court cases that make it imperative that the officers are trustworthy, honest, and uphold the law at all costs. In the case of Brady vs. Maryland, suppression of evidence by the prosecution led the court to rule in favor of the defendant. This case marked the beginning of the trend of the prosecutors divulging any information that they came across that could help the defense (Hooper & Thorpe, 2007).

In the Giglio vs. United States case, the prosecutor had promised the co-conspirator he would not prosecute him in exchange for his testimony. The court ruled in favor of Giglio due to the fact that there was non-disclosure of evidence and that affects the credibility of the prosecution. Once again the theme of non-disclosure was highlighted in a case (U.S. Supreme Court Center, 2013).

The defendant Agurs, (in the United States vs. Agurs case) due process rights’ were violated because the prosecutor failed to disclose that Agur’s victim had a history of weapons possession and assault pleas. Since Agurs claimed that she murdered the victim in self-defense, leaving out the fact that the victim had a violent history definitely could have had an effect on the verdict.

The United States vs. Bagley was the case that set the precedence that impeachment of evidence must be disclosed to the defense. The thought process was the same as other information that had to be disclosed: if material evidence is given to the defense attorney, then the information could possibly lead to a different verdict.

The last Supreme Court case that makes it imperative that law enforcement officers be trustworthy, honest, and upholds the law at all costs, is the Kyles vs. Whitley case. This case set the precedence for making it the prosecutor’s duty to learn any favorable evidence for the defense regarding those acting on the government’s behalf, including the police.

The Supreme Court decisions in all 5 of the cases above creates a responsibility for the prosecutor to learn of and disclose of any information that could discredit the case’s witnesses, especially law enforcement officers. If a law enforcement officer is a witness in any case, the prosecutor must rely on that officer’s agency to inform him or her of any possible credibility issues that the officer has had in official matters (Serpas &Hagar, 2010). If the police officer has had any misconduct that involves dishonesty, this could definitely destroy his or her credibility in court, as the prosecutor must disclose this information to the defense.

In light of the above information, I have no choice but to terminate Officer Smith. He not only violated company policy by using the agency computer to visit pornographic websites while on the clock, but when questioned about the offense, he repeatedly lied about what he had done. Officer Smith has broken our trust in him as an officer. At this point, I am also questioning if he has been dishonest in other aspects of his job. If we keep him on the force, this incidence will have to be documented in great detail. There will be permanent evidence that he was dishonest during an official police investigation. Therefore, if Officer Smith ever has to testify in court of law, we would have to divulge this information to the prosecutor who would then have to divulge the information to the defense attorney. In any case that Officer Smith would have to testify in, his credibility would be questioned. This could result in the jury siding with the defendant in the cases in which he is involved. I cannot risk the possibility of justice not being served to criminals due to a dishonest mistake of one officer. Hopefully, Officer Smith’s termination will be an example to all the other officers. They must know the importance of being honest and credible. Anything less will cause them to lose their job.

References Hooper, L., & Thorpe, S. (2007, May 31). Brady vs. Maryland Material in the United States District Courts: Rules Orders and Policies. Judge, Lisa A. (November 2005). Disclosing Officer Untruthfulness to the Defense: Is a Liars Squad Coming to Your Town?. The Police Chief, 72(11). Serpas, Ronal, & Hagar, Michael. (August 2010). The Untruthful Employee: Is Termination the Only Response?. The Police Chief, LXXVII(8). Supreme Court of the United States. (2013, March). Supreme Court Governmet. Retrieved Feburary 2, 2017, from www.supremecourt.gov. U.S. Supreme Court Center. (2013, April 5). Brady vs Maryland 373 U.S> 83 (1963). U.S. Supreme Court Center. (2013, April 5). Giglio vs. United States vs 150 (1972). U.S. Supreme Court Center. (2013, April 4). United States vs. Agurs (1976).

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Impact Assignment: Part 1 Instructions

You may select any of the topics below for the focus of your impact assignment. If you have another topic of interest that is not on the list, you must get approval from your instructor prior to starting your impact assignment.

Impact Assignment: Part 1 must be at least 6 pages including a title page, 4 pages in the body, and a reference page. Note: You may have up to 6 pages in the body of your paper. In addition, you must include your textbook and at least 3 other scholarly sources as you develop your paper. You must use these sources to provide an overview of the most meaningful information from your sources that helps you understand the topic.

This paper must be written in current APA format.

Topics:

Failure to Thrive (infancy) Parenting Styles (impact on children) Attachment Styles (impact on children) Autism (impact on child) Divorce (impact on child) Death of a Parent (impact on child) Death of a Child (impact on adult) Influence of Technology (impact on child or adolescent) Multiracial/Biracial (impact on the individual) Military Service (impact on the individual) Culture or Religion (impact on the individual) Poverty (impact on the individual) Failure to Launch (impact on the individual) Adult Attachment and the Implications on Romantic Relationships (impact on the individual) Job Loss (impact on the individual) Empty Nest syndrome (impact on the parent) The Sandwich Generation (impact on the parent caring for children and parents) Retirement transition (impact on the individual) Death of a Spouse (impact on the living spouse) Dementia (impact on the individual) The Burden of Caring for an Elderly Parent (impact on the adult child)

Use the following headings to organize your paper. Provide insight to these questions from your reading and research on the topic:

Introduction

· How is the topic defined or conceptualized?

· Importance to the field of human development

Developmental Impact

· At what age and stage does this issue typically impact a person?

· What is its potential impact on a person’s development progress?

· What is the impact to cognitive, social, emotional, relationship, and/or moral dimensions of development?

Faith & Professional Perspectives

· Are there Christian principles or biblical themes that provide explanation or clarification you want to include?

· What are the most important considerations for human services providers to know as they work with individuals and families experiencing this impact to development?

Resources

· Provide 2 suggestions of educational readings that you might suggest if a client was impacted by your topic. What reading materials would be most beneficial and appropriate for your clients? You must research literature, read reviews and excerpts, and become knowledgable and comfortable with the content of the materials. Then, make 2 suggestions of the best information you found and would be comfortable recommending to clients. Provide the title, a link to the source, and a 1-paragraph explanation of the content.

· Provide 2 referral sources that you could recommend to clients. Research providers in your local area that offer services and care related to your impact topic. Provide a web link to the agency or organization. Under the link, provide a 1-paragraph explanation of services they provide that are related to your topic and why you would recommend it.

References

Provide a complete list of references in current APA format that you used to inform your paper.

Writing Guidelines:

Your references can include peer-reviewed journal articles found in Liberty’s library or credible web resources; if you are not sure of the credibility of your web resource, ask your instructor before using it. Provide appropriate citations and references for any information you use in this paper. Write the paper using professional writing etiquette and consult the Liberty Writing Center if you have questions about grammar or format. Remember that all work must be your own and plagiarism is not tolerated. Be sure to review the plagiarism policy in your syllabus. Make sure to use in-text citations throughout your paper. Anything that is not common knowledge or is not an original thought must be cited or it is considered plagiarism. Direct quotes should not be used, but rather you should rephrase ideas into your own words. In-text citations should be in current APA format (Author, Year).

Submit this assignment by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of Module/Week 3.

Page 1 of 2

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Ashford 2: – Week 1 – Assignment 1

ePortfolio Submission 1: Culturally Relevant Methods

Throughout this course you will develop an ePortfolio that includes evidence of your cultural competence in each of the following areas:

• Culturally Relevant Methods
• Anti-Bias Curriculum
• Diverse Family Structures
• Multicultural Education

In Weeks One through Four, you will develop the individual components for each of these areas and add them to your ePortfolio.  You will share your completed ePortfolio with your peers in Week Five.  There are instructions each week regarding the specific requirements for each component that you will be adding to your ePortfolio.
This week, you will complete the first section of an ePortfolio, which will demonstrate your cultural competence in using culturally relevant methods.  Since this is the first component in your ePortfolio you will need to begin your ePortfolio.  You will use  GoogleSites to create your portfolio.  Review the “Creating an ePortfolio” job aid and the Example ePortfolio for guidance.
Using Chapters 1 and 2 of your text and at least one additional scholarly source, compile a list of 20 culturally competent strategies for English language learners (ELLs).  At least five of your strategies should be appropriate for infants/toddlers, five strategies should be appropriate for preschool, and five strategies should be appropriate for early elementary age.  You may select the age level for the five remaining strategies.

Your chart should include the following:

Name of Strategy

Age Group

Definition

Classroom Example

In addition to the completed chart, include an APA title page and reference page.  Utilize at least one scholarly source in addition to the text to support your ideas, and cite all sources in APA format as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Include a link to your ePortfolio on a Word document for submission.

Carefully review the Grading Rubric for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.

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DO NOT USE any outside sources to answer these questions. Use only the word doc attached. has chapters 10-12.

Answer the following questions, Be sure to number your answers, so they correspond with the questions.
Each answer to each question should be at least one paragraph or more. Answers may come from the textbook, from resources provided here in the course in Blackboard, and from your mind.
No work should be submitted from outside sources the Internet or other sources (there  are a lot of bad resources on the internet, so stick with what is  provided here – I’m interested in your ability to think through and  discuss these issues, not copy from external sources).

Be sure to use standard English grammar and spelling.
1. Explain the connections between pleasure, contemplation, and judgment in aesthetic appreciation.
2. Explain how aesthetics, art, and criticism are interrelated.
3. Evaluate David Hume’s view regarding art criticism.
4. Articulate the notion of ‘truth’ in art criticism.
5. Explain if it is possible to have an agreement about aesthetic judgments and if that is a problem.
6. Explain the elements of any moral dilemma: the act, the consequences of the act, and the moral agent.
7. Critically analyze the false starts in moral philosophy including relativism and Divine Command.
8. Discuss the practical and logical problems with Aquinas’ Natural Law moral theory.
9. Explain how ethics can be said to be always personal and often political.
10. Compare and contrast various views of Hobbes and Locke on the state of nature and natural rights.
11. Explain and evaluate Rousseau’s criticism of both Hobbes and Locke regarding the state of nature.
12. Explain the difference between the labor theory of property and labor theory of value.
13. Explain and evaluate Karl Marx’s analysis of class struggle as presented in his Communist Manifesto.
14. Explain the views of Nozick and Hospers regarding legitimate laws and the role of government.
15. Compare and contrast Rawls and Nozick on justice.

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DUE in 15 hours max.

Abstract: The objective of this paper is to prove that fashion advertising and the people behind it have a strong communicative power over their audience. The standard for editorial fashion (fashion on the runway) has always been surrounding thin, Anglo looking women, often dangerously thin and predominantly white. It used to be that beauty was subject to the geographic location of a person. For example, a person who is around only blacks will have see the best looking black woman as the standard of true beauty and the same for Asians, Hispanic etc. However, due to globalization and rapid growth of technology the world has become smaller because people can constantly communicate with eachother no matter where they stand on the globe. With that, the European beauty standard has imposed itself on all parts of the world. Tall, thin and blonde is the ideal look. These advertisements are ubiquitous (all around us) and it has been engrained into women’s minds that they need to look this way. This paper is intended to reveal the messages that people behind these fashion advertisements are sending. There should be a data section which includes reference to the past few years of VOGUE magazine, which had thin, white women on almost EVERY color. The fashion advertising and magazine industries communicate a subtle racism and preference for dangerously thin body types which can have a negative psychological effect on the audience, especially young women. The focus of the paper is cultural reproduction which means that by continuing to put out images like this, these industries are keeping this culture of the ideal thin blonde the same. Cultural reproduction should be defined and explained in the paper as it relates to this topic.

Layout and format with explicit instructions are attached. The articles I would like to use as research are also attached and must be cited in MLA format with some quotes in the paper. All four articles must be discussed in the literature review section. The data section must be about VOGUE and Vogue’s website should be cited. It must be six pages with the sections labeled as in the instructions. Proper grammar is important for this assignment.

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