Question 1

 

1. Perform the following calculation for air concentration. Sulfuric Acid: 2.5 mg/m3 = ____ ppm

2.5 points

            Question 2

 

1. Perform the following calculation for air concentration. Formaldehyde: 4.0 mg/m3 = ____ ppm

2.5 points

            Question 3

 

1. Perform the following calculation for air concentration. Benzene: 3.0 ppm = ____ mg/m3

2.5 points

            Question 4

 

1. Perform the following calculation for air concentration. Acetone: 42.0 ppm = ____ mg/m3

2.5 points

            Question 5

 

1. Discuss  the similarities and differences that exist between the three basic  types of occupational exposure limits (OELs). Describe how each type of  OEL is used to control occupational exposures, and provide at least one  specific chemical for which each type of OEL has been established.

   Your answer must be a minimum of 200 words in length.

30 points

            Question 6

 

1. Define  the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) and the no observed  adverse effect level (NOAEL), and describe how they relate to the point  of departure (POD). Describe how each of these are used to derive an  OEL.

   Your answer must be a minimum of 200 words in length.

30 points

            Question 7

 

1. Describe  how hazard notations are used to derive OELs, including the additional  hazard notations included by the Occupational Safety and Health  Administration (OSHA). How would these notations be used in industrial  hygiene practice?

   Your answer must be a minimum of 200 words in length.

 

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ECS 375: Ecocinema Spring 2018 Prof. Vaughan

Final Project!!!

As ECS 375: Ecocinema aims at cultivating students’ critical thinking as well as interactive media skills, the final project gives students a chance to immerse themselves in a specific topic while expanding their understanding of the field. Therefore, the final project is flexible and aims to allow students to pursue learning and expressive opportunities not typical to a critical studies course. However, the project must clearly engage with the themes, readings, and larger issues of the course. Students have the option of doing a creative (screen-based, 3-5 minutes running time) or scholarly (8-page research paper) final project. The creative project must deliver an original screen media approach to the environment (a short film, an online format, a social media advocacy program), with a final 2-page report due May 2 that uses 5 references to support the project’s critical and conceptual strategies. Scholarly projects will address topics relevant to the course (this may include anything from a specific film’s history, to a particular environmental issue, to a global or local problem of environmental justice), culminating in an 8-page research paper with at least five sources. All projects must be approved by the instructor by April 17. Requirements and the timeline for the project: 1. Research and Multimedia Presentations – April 24-26 -a 5-minute audio-visual presentation of the project in its final form with necessary video, websites, or images -an explanation of the goals of the project, and their relevance to the course -a bibliography with of at least 5 relevant sources 2. Final Projects Report – May 2nd Creative: 2-page paper, with citations and bibliography, discussing the purpose, goals, and significance of the project, using references to reading materials and theories from the course Scholarly: 8-page research paper with 5-source bibliography .

 

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MOVIE:  “GLOBAL DIMMING”

When we see the increase in global temperatures, there is always that  conspicuous absence of warming from 1940s – 1970s.  Scientists have  since discovered that there was a decline of sunlight reaching the earth  during this period; they called it “Global Dimming”.  Since there is no  direct correlation with CO2 during this period, some climate deniers use this data to refute the impact of CO2 on the global temperature.

 

However, many factors affect warming, including changes in incoming  solar radiation and the reflective properties of sulfate aerosols that  are released with the burning of fossil fuels.  Only when combining all  these factors together can we account for the rise in global temperature  across all the different decades – and even the lack of warming in the  mid-20th century.  This movie provides a  detailed explanation as to how the release of sulfate aerosols led to  reduced incoming solar radiation that ironically kept the globe from  warming.  It wasn’t until the clean air act in 1970 that global warming  resumed.  Even today, it is not clear how much the current pollutant  haze may be offsetting the total warming that would ensue in the absence  of air pollution.  Hence, we need to tackle both the release of CO2 resulting in global warming and the pollutant emissions – both factors that result from the burning of fossil fuels.

Assignment

Watch the movie “Global Dimming” and read the following arguments at skeptical science.com as to why there was no mid-20th Century warming.  https://www.skepticalscience.com/global-cooling-mid-20th-century-advanced.htmLinks to an external site.

Combine what you learn from this movie with the arguments to create a Personal Movie Discussion Board Essay/Blog for others to read. Use separate paragraphs for each item and keep your responses organized. As part of your essay/blog, include the following:

1. Describe four different data sets from the movie that led scientists to the discovery of global dimming, and explain how the Clean Air Act helped to eliminate this dimming.
2. Explain how the 3 day period after 9/11 and the related airplane contrails were a factor in the discovery of global dimming. Also describe how they determined the temperature rise during this 3 day period?
3. Explain how the global radiation budget is affected by sulfate aerosols compared to CO2. In your response describe how CO2 affects outgoing infrared radiation, describe how sulfate aerosols affect the incoming solar radiation, and explain the process of what happens when we reduce pollution emissions and airplane contrails.
4. Discuss the three most interesting things that struck you the most while watching the film. Explore your thoughts in depth on these three things. (100-200 words total minimum)

NO PLAGIARISM PLEASE! TurnItIn checker is used.

 

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PLEASE FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS CLEARLY PROFESSOR IS STRICT

Earth’s Greatest Enemies?

Climatologist James Lovelock (http://www.jameslovelock.org/) (originator of the Gaia_hypothesis ) once said that Earth’s greatest enemies were the Three C’s: cars, cows and chainsaws because of their contributions to destabilizing planetary climate.

A. In this final Discussion Forum, you will answer the following question to show your ability to find connections among the environmental issues that you have learned about in this course.
Number your responses so I can see you have addressed each part.

You must cite specific evidence from any Unit of the course to support each of your responses.
Each contributing factor is worth 4 points x 3 = 12 points.

1. What and how do each of these things contribute to the destabilizing of Earth’s atmosphere and its climate?

1a. cows?
1b. cars?
1c. chainsaws?

You must cite at least one source in your posting. Please use MLA or APA formating to cite your source.

Reminders:

• Loss of land plants because of human activities will not result in a reduction of atmospheric oxygen because most of planetary photosynthesis and its resulting oxygen production is in the oceans.
• Be sure to back up your explanations with some research before discussing this topic online with your classmates. Be sure to read relevant sections of your text (and supplementary readings from this Module) and look online.  Start with the links in this question and the Resources listed for this Module.

 

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Read the U.S. Chemical Safety Board (CSB) investigation report of the 2007 propane explosion at the Little General Store in Ghent, WV. The final report can be read/downloaded at the following link: https://www.csb.gov/assets/1/20/csbfinalreportlittlegeneral.pdf?13741

Additional information on the incident, including a video summary, can be found at the following link: http://www.csb.gov/little-general-store-propane-explosion/

Complete the assignment as detailed below.

Part I: From the information in the report, create a chart listing events and causal factors for the incident in Microsoft Word, Open Office, or a similar word processing software. If you choose to use a program other than Microsoft Word, be sure to save and submit the document as a Microsoft Word document (i.e., .doc, .docx). The objective of this project is to provide you with an opportunity to use this important and very practical analytical tool. The chart does not have to be infinitely detailed, but the key sequence of events should be charted as should the key conditions surrounding the events. Keep in mind that the purpose of an events and causal factors chart is to aid in identifying which conditions could be causal factors.

Use the charting procedures on pages 72–76 of your textbook to help you with this assignment. In addition, refer to the example events and causal factors (ECF) chart in the Unit IV Lesson for an example of this type of chart.

Part II: On a separate page, discuss the potential causal factors that are revealed in the analysis. How do these causal factors compare to the causal factors found in the CSB’s investigation report? Do you think more analysis is needed? This part of the assignment should be a minimum of one page in length.

Upload Parts I and II as a single document. For Part II of the assignment, you should use academic sources to support your thoughts. Any outside sources used, including the sources mentioned in the assignment, must be cited using APA format and must be included on a references page.

Useful hints: In Microsoft Word, you can use parentheses for events (events), square brackets for conditions [conditions], and brackets for the accident {accident}; you may also use a similar convention, such as color-coded text or the shapes that are available within Microsoft Word. Whatever convention you use, be sure you provide some kind of key.

 

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