Public Perception Of Diseases – Thought Response – 200 Words

Reply to two prompts in 100 words each. No sites needed, these are just thoughts on the prompts.

(Original prompt for you consideration,

 When you think of the environment, what comes to mind? You might picture the Earth, which is made up of different features—land, water, and air. Each of these is unique in its behavior, characteristics, and properties. Think about the land, water, and air on Earth and respond to the following in a minimum of 175 words: 

  • What experiences do you have with each feature (e.g., land, water, air)? How do you think each feature interacts with the others? Use examples from your experiences.
  • What areas of science investigate each feature? What experience do you have with learning about these features in your past?)

Prompt 1:

I have numerous experiences with different environmental components, the most prominent of them are the forests, mountains and the oceans or other bodies of water. The oceans provide large amounts of food for the worlds population and bodies of fresh water provide critical drinking water as well. We use the forests for wood and we still use wood from the forests to provide heating in the colder months in certain areas as well, and historically speaking we mined large amounts of coal and other minerals from the mountainous regions of the United States. We also continue to drill for oil, natural gas and other fossil fuels as we are still rather dependent on them. The air is rather self explanatory as we need oxygen to breathe and the weather patterns such as rain support life on this planet. The areas of science that investigate each feature are geology, meteorology, and hydrology. My experience in these various sciences primarily comes from what I’ve learned from schooling prior to taking this course and my own interest in environmental science. My degree is going to be in environmental science and I have always had interest in the weather and in the environment in general.

Prompt 2:

My experiences with air, land, and water go back to my childhood days. We lived on five acres spread in Berkeley County, South Carolina. There was a fishing pond on the property, and the house itself was surrounded by wild plum and cherry trees. I spent most of my weekends exploring the outdoors and learning how to till the soil in the garden and planting everything from cabbage to watermelon. There was an old-fashioned water pump in our backyard near the cucumber patch. I would only drink water from the kitchen faucet if it was to dark to go outside to the pump. The land provided nutritious foods for our family and because we grew corn and soybeans to sell, it was also a source of income. If you are familiar with fresh country are and water from a pump or well, you will know that there is a big difference between the taste of water and the way that air smells in the city. The areas of science that investigates land, water, and air are Geology, Hydrology, and Meteorology.

 
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Risk Analysis, Skills, Tools And Process 1

Risk Analysis: Skills, Tools and Process

Jurisdictional Selection White Paper Briefing

Select a jurisdiction, meaning a unit of local government such as a county, town, or city, and search for that jurisdiction’s Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) online.

Review and evaluate the plan based on how well it addresses risk and mitigation issues facing that jurisdiction.

Instructions:

Write a two-page jurisdictional selection short essay white paper briefing on the selected jurisdiction and the jurisdictional Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) retrieved online. Review the CEMP and evaluate the plan based on how well it addresses risk and mitigation issues facing that jurisdiction.

In the short essay, provide several paragraphs of analysis and elaboration on the jurisdiction selected and the various components found within that jurisdiction’s CEMP.

Include at least one direct quote from the CEMP retrieved in the Jurisdictional Selection Short Essay and enter as an electronic (website) quote used with an appropriate electronic source in text-direct quotation and a proper electronic source reference list citation located at the very end of the analysis briefing.

Your essay must meet the following requirements:

· Your essay should be 2 pages in length not counting the title and reference pages, which you must include.

· Use terms, evidence, and concepts from class readings.

· Cite at least three scholarly sources for this assignment. Scholarly resources include: peer-reviewed journal articles, books, the class textbook, or reports/documents from the government (.gov sites). A scholarly source does not include general sources from the internet (.com, .org, .edu, and .net sites are not scholarly). Scholarly resources should be current (no older than five years). If the class textbook is used as a source, then two other scholarly sources must be used.

 
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Environmental Management/Environmental Management System Plan:

Develop and implement management plans that incorporate scientific principles and that comply with environmental laws and ethical principles in a team environment 

Environmental Management plans should always be integrative, and often are centered on an environmental management system (EMS).

The Overseas Private Investment Corporation shared the key elements of EMS
here: https://www3.opic.gov/environment/eia/greenfields/Chapter%2010%20-%20Environmental%20Management%20Plan.pdf

To creatively determine how well you understand the essence of EMS, please provide your assessment of the following elements in an environmental management plan for your home, including both building and grounds:

Assessing environmental effects (environmental aspects)
Compliance with laws / regulations (legal and other requirements) – please include a qualitative 2×2 risk assessment as part of this section
Setting environmental objectives and targets
Environmental management program(s)
Structure and responsibility
Training, awareness and competence

Please remember that you only need to provide aspects that are relevant to your home! For example, you do not need stack monitoring or effluent monitoring programs for your home!

The other criteria, each worth 10 points, are:

Clear introduction to your home or work so we have a good overview of location, size, and neighborhood of both building and grounds.
Clear format with subtopics under each key element as appropriate.
Clear and concise writing with topic sentence followed by supporting statements.

List of appropriate references in APA format, cited as needed. In the list of references should include appropriate 40 CFR regulations, and applicable state and local regulations.

The length of the Environmental Management Plan can be flexible given the variety of work and home situations we might find. I am hoping that you can write a concise plan that will be around 3000 words. The more concise, the better!

Using home address – 10620 Outpost Drive, North Potomac, MD

 
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Week

Week 5 – Final Paper

The Journey to Sustainability

[WLO: 4] [CLOs: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

Prior to beginning work on this final paper, review all chapters of Bensel and Carbone’s Sustaining Our Planet text (2020).

In this paper, you will explore what a future sustainable world might look like, and in the process of doing so, extend your previous descriptions of selected terms and explain how they may play a role in aiding us in achieving environmental sustainability on a global scale.

The Journey to Sustainability

Imagine a future (probably a long time from now) in which human beings have achieved environmental sustainability on a global scale. That means that we as a species have figured out how to maintain a lifestyle that can go on indefinitely. Humans will exist in harmony with their environment, not needing more resources than can naturally be replenished. What would such a world be like? How might we get there from here?

In this final assignment, you will play the part of science-fiction writer, imagining and describing what a sustainable Earth, inhabited by humans, might look like in the distant future. You will need to provide examples throughout to support your descriptions. You should include all the terms that you have researched during Weeks 1 through 4 of this class, underlining each term as you include it. Be sure to expand on your terms and include other concepts that you learned in the course. Provide as detailed a picture as possible of how that future world might function on a day-to-day basis. In your paper, use grammar and spell-checking programs to insure clarity. Proofread carefully prior to submitting your work. Finally, you will submit the document to Waypoint.

Your paper will consist of seven paragraphs using the format below to address the elements with the assumption that environmental sustainability has been achieved:

· Paragraph 1:

· Describe how the human relationship to nature will be different from what it is at present.

· Examine how humans will cope differently with the ways that natural phenomena like hurricanes affect lives.

· Paragraph 2:

· Describe what Earth’s biodiversity and ecosystems will look like in a sustainable future.

· Explain what humans have done differently to enable biodiversity and ecosystems to function sustainably.

· Paragraph 3:

· Examine how agricultural production will be different in a sustainable future.

· Paragraph 4:

· Differentiate between how humans will manage water resources (fresh water and ocean) in the sustainable future compared to how it is done now.

· Paragraph 5

· Examine how humans will meet their energy needs in the future in a way that will enable maintenance of a sustainable, habitable atmosphere and climate.

· Indicate the changes that humans have made that are enabling them to maintain a healthy atmosphere and climate for all.

· Paragraph 6:

· Describe how waste management will be different in a sustainable future.

· Indicate the changes have been made to how humans think about and treat what is currently called “waste.”

· Paragraph 7:

· Summarize some of the major social, economic, political, and ecological choices and tradeoffs that will need to be overcome for this sustainable future to arrive. What are some of the major issues and challenges humans will have to face in order to achieve sustainability on a global scale?

The Journey to Sustainability final paper

· Must be seven paragraphs in length (350 to 700 words) (not including title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA Style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center’s APA Style (Links to an external site.)

· Must incorporate all four of your previously selected terms.

· Must utilize academic voice. See the Academic Voice (Links to an external site.) resource for additional guidance.

· Include two scholarly sources including the course text.

· The Scholarly, Peer-Reviewed, and Other Credible Sources (Links to an external site.) table offers additional guidance on appropriate source types. If you have questions about whether a specific source is appropriate for this assignment, please contact your instructor. Your instructor has the final say about the appropriateness of a specific source for a particular assignment.

· Must document any information used from sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center’s APA: Citing Within Your Paper (Links to an external site.).

· Can include, as an option, a separate references list that is formatted according to APA Style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. See the APA: Formatting Your References List (Links to an external site.) resource in the Ashford Writing Center for specifications.

 
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Solid Waste Management

This unit has presented fundamental principles of solid waste management, and it has discussed the regulatory environment related to solid waste management and the impact of solid waste on human populations. For this assignment, compose an essay that addresses the prompts below.

  • Characterize the components comprising solid waste.
  • Explain the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act’s impact on landfill design.
  • Summarize the problems that can arise from not properly managing solid waste.

In your paper, limit the number of direct quotations that are taken from outside sources. The majority of your paper should be composed of your own thoughts and paraphrased information. Make certain that your essay meets the criteria listed below.

  • Include a title page.
  • Provide an introduction.
  • Your paper must be at least three full pages in length, not counting the title page and references page.
  • Your references page should include at least two sources, one of which should be the course textbook and one of which should be a peer-reviewed source from the CSU Online Library.

Please adhere to APA Style when creating citations and references for this assignment.

 
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CONTINGENCY PLANNING

Discussion 4

EXERCISE #1 – CONTINGENCY PLANNING TO PROTECT ASSETS

In any discussion of security threats, it is natural to focus on the various criminal activities directed at organizations. However, as you learned so far in this class, particularly during our Week 2 discussion of risk assessment, there are numerous non-criminal risk events with which security operatives must be concerned. This fact is still very apparent when considering the devastating impact Hurricane Katrina had when it arrived off the Gulf Coast of the United States in 2005 and Hurricanes Harvey and Irma in 2017. All these natural risk events led to catastrophic results impacting the U.S. Government, private companies, and United States citizens in terms of lost lives, psychological effect, and business operations.

“Business Continuity Guideline” is a 2005 ASIS International publication that provides a practical approach for emergency preparedness, crisis management, and disaster recovery. After thoroughly reviewing this document, summarize its contents and explain how the Guideline will assist you as a security operative for a Fortune 1000 company in protecting an organization’s assets. Incorporate into your response the actions you would take to prepare for a crisis like Katrina, Harvey, or Irma, or a fire, floods, earthquakes, utility failure, and a host of other possible emergencies so the organization can manage and survive the disaster or other emergencies and ensure the organization’s continued visibility and capability.

EXERCISE #2 – OSHA – MANAGING HEALTH AND SAFETY IN THE WORKPLACE

In 1970, the U.S. Congress enacted the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) to address ever-increasing instances of death and injury in the workplace. The reason (and authority) for the Congress to become involved in this issue is because the injuries imposed a substantial burden upon and hindrance to interstate commerce. The goal of the Act, which established the Occupational Safety and Health Administration within the Department of Labor, was to promote a safe and healthy working environment for all employees.

The “Small Business Handbook” is 2005 publication by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration provides security leaders and their organizations a cost-effective approach for managing health and safety at the work site by reducing occupational fatalities and injuries.

After carefully examining this Handbook and conducting any additional independent research as necessary, explain the main requirements of OSHA that you, as a security director, must understand and implement to ensure your company is indeed providing a safe environment for its employees and is compliant with applicable laws and regulations. Incorporate into your response how your routine and periodic responsibilities as a security director are impacted by the Act.

Discussion 5

Exercise 1

The “Scope of Legal Authority of Private Security Personnel” is a 1976 document written by the Private Security Advisory Council of the United States Department of Justice to identify for private security operatives the various sources of legal authority and the legal issues with which they will be confronted while performing their various duties protecting organizational assets. “The Law of Arrest, Search, and Seizure: Applications in the Private Sector” is sample text chapter published by Elsevier that presents a comprehensive discussion of legal requirements for private security arrests and searches.

After reviewing these documents any other independently researched source, explain why the U.S. Courts continue to make distinctions between public law enforcement powers and private sector enforcement issues. Incorporate into your response why a practical knowledge of the law is important to the corporate security officer and the security director and what impact criminal and tort law has on a corporation.

Exercise 2

You must post initial responses to this discussion question. All others should read and comment as a part of their weekly engagement with their colleagues.

-Negligence Case: Welsh Manufacturing v. Pinkerton, Inc.

Negligence could very well be one of the most frequently filed charges in civil court. It is a failure to exercise a “reasonable amount of care” in a situation that causes harm to someone or something. As an example, someone might do something in a careless manner, which a prudent person would not do, such as drinking alcohol and driving. Or, as another example, failing to act (omission) as a prudent person would, which results in harm to someone or something, such as a failure to pay obligations. In a security setting, negligence might be charged in a situation where an organization failed to provide a reasonable standard of care and someone or something was harmed. The reasonable standard of care may have involved the lack of adequate physical or procedural controls as discussed previously in this class, an emergency contingency plan that was not properly vetted, or perhaps the failure to exercise due care when hiring, training, supervising, and retaining security personnel.

This civil case involved a company that contracted security services to protect its assets. The contract was breached when it was determined the security company failed to properly scrutinize a security officer applicant’s background, or train or supervise the employee once hired. The plaintiff filed a tort complaint against the security company when it was discovered that this individual was involved in the theft of almost $200,000 in gold.

This case has a number of implications for security management officials regarding legal liability, using numerous resources to hire well, training the security staff, and providing the appropriate level of supervision required to ensure the protection of company assets. This case will be used as a basis for discussion of a number of issues over the next few weeks. For now, read the case and respond to the following questions:

(1) Succinctly summarize the facts of the case regarding the arrest and any subsequent judicial action.

(2) Describe the issues did the court had to settle.

(3) Explain the court’s ruling in each of those areas and its rationale.

(4) Describe the actual legal elements required to establish before a court to prove negligence.

Discussion 6

EXERCISE #1 – PRIVATE SECURITY SELECTION AND TRAINING

“Private Security Officer Selection and Training Guideline” is a 2010 ASIS International document that offers state regulatory agencies with “consistent minimum qualifications to improve the performance of private security officers and the quality of security services.” After thoroughly reviewing this document, describe how you, as a corporate security operative, would react to the ASIS guidance and state whether or not you would support the guidelines relating to the regulation of security and pre-assignment, post assignment, and annual training requirements. More importantly, explain your rationale and the justification you would provide to the organization’s CEO for the added annual expense that likely would result.

Also, you are asked to research your home state’s private security training requirements and report it in this discussion and comment on its potential effectiveness for improving security operative performance and professionalism.

EXERCISE #2 – CURBING THEFT THROUGH EFFECTIVE INTERNAL CONTROLS: SELECTION OF PERSONNEL

As the corporate security operative of XYZ corporation, you have been asked by the CEO to work with the Human Resources department in developing a new pre-employment screening proposal that would be more effective in hiring trustworthy personnel, thereby stemming the tide of internal theft– a problem that has been significantly increasing over the past few years and clearly impacting the organization’s “bottom line.” It is generally accepted in the security profession that “hiring well” is one of the most effective procedural controls available to protect an organization’s assets.

After reviewing the “Prohibited Employment Policies/Practices” segment of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission’s (EEOC) website, the “Notice – Employee Polygraph Protection Act” segment of the U.S. Department of Labor’s website, the “Facts About the Americans With Disabilities Act” (ADA) segment of the U.S. Equal Opportunity Commission’s website, and any other independently researched sources, outline the procedures you would propose to the CEO—knowing there are costs attached to each procedure—and explain why each procedure is important. The CEO will want to know your rationale.

Also incorporate into the response your understanding of employment law as delineated in the documents cited above and ensure you make it clear that your proposal complies with the various and legal requirements.

Discussion 7

EXERCISE #1 – WORKPLACE VIOLENCE AND RESPONSE

“Workplace Violence Prevention and Response Guidelines”Guidelines for Preventing Workplace” is a 2005 ASIS publication that provides security directors a strategy to prevent workplace violence and effectively manage and respond to threats.

Workplace violence is a critical issue identified by security directors in a 2016 Securitas survey as discussed previously in class. Students of security management should understand that workplace violence takes many forms and is more than just active shooter scenarios we seem to be experiencing in today’s society.

Security operatives often talk about employing a multidisciplinary approach when developing an organization’s workplace violence prevention and response strategy. After reviewing the ASIS document, explain what it means to employ a multidisciplinary approach and how such a strategy might be planned and implemented based on the guidelines presented. Incorporate into your response the essential elements that must be a part of any violence prevention program.

Also, describe the role of the security department and other departments you believe to be key stakeholders in achieving the program’s goals and objectives.

EXERCISE #2- PHYSICAL AND IT SECURITY CONVERGENCE: THE BASICS

In a series of published articles, Derek Slater discusses one of the most significant security planning issues discussed in the security profession over the past 10 years—convergence. The author defines term and addresses the advantages and difficulties associated with convergence, but his article culminates with a convincing argument for implementing convergence and offers five specific reasons that are trending which he believes are “knocking down the walls between traditional security stovepipes” (Slater). Students of security management need to be familiar with the issues currently facing the security industry so they can better prepare to take a position and address the issue when they have the future opportunity.

After reading the Slater article and conducting any additional independent research on this topic, discuss from the perspective of a security operative of a Fortune 1000 corporation how convergence might benefit the organization and what might be the unexpected “pitfalls” that can obstruct efforts to merge physical and information security operations. Be specific with the advantages and disadvantages. Finally, state whether or not you agree with convergence and explain your position.

Discussion 8

EXERCISE #1 – ETHICS AND THE PROTECTION OF ASSETS

After reading “What Security Executives Should Know about Ethics” by Mario Moussa, explain why security directors must have a keen understanding of the role ethics plays in an organization’s plan to protect assets and discuss the fundamental challenges confronting these security operatives, including the ethical demands resulting from the changing business environment in which they operate.

Be sure to cite your sources from both the Learning Materials and outside research.

EXERCISE #2- PRIVATE-PUBLIC RELATIONSHIPS IN POLICING– EXPLORING A TRENDING MODEL TO PREVENT CRIME AND COMBAT TERRORISM

In a study conducted by Rick Ruddell, Matthew O. Thomas, and Ryan Patten entitled, “Examining the Roles of the Police and Private Security Officers in Urban Social Control,” the authors state, in part, “this study sheds light on the relationships between the police and private security, especially in regard to the formal and quasi-formal social control of urban areas. We find that the actions of private security officers augment the activities of the police, and it is likely that they will become a more important force in the future as the line between private and public policing becomes increasingly indistinct” (2010, p. 66).

“Engaging the Private Sector to Promote Homeland Security” by Andrew Morabito and Sheldon Greenberg in 2005 essentially make a similar assertion with regard to the future role private security must play in augmenting the activities of law enforcement in protecting the nation from terrorism. The authors concede there are obstacles to overcome, but the benefits of law enforcement – private security partnerships are many and must be explored and implemented to enhance our security plan.

As your last discussion topic for this course, identify and discuss in general terms the primary obstacles that must be addressed before private security-law enforcement partnerships can be fully operational and the significant benefits each of these entities could gain from each other. Also, as a security operative for a Fortune 1000 company, regardless of the risk for a terrorism event directed at your facility, explain how you would go about establishing or enhancing a partnership with law enforcement to protect your company’s assets and the assets of the larger community.

Be sure to cite your sources from both the Learning Materials and outside research.

 
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Need Osha Done In 6 Hours

Question 1

1.

The machine guarding standards do not include provisions for __________.

Answer

    point of operation guarding
    guarding for wood working machinery
    power transmission guarding
    ionizing radiation guards

4 points   

Question 2

1.

In what standard would you find a specific prohibition against modifying the end of a plug-in cord?

Answer

    1910.311
    1910.323
    1910.334
    1910.332

4 points   

Question 3

1.

When the periphery of the blades of a fan is less than seven feet above the floor or working level, the blades shall be guarded with a guard having openings no larger than __________.

Answer

    three inches
    four inches
    one half inch
    one inch

4 points   

Question 4

1.

For 120-volt electrical installations built after 1981 with exposed live parts on one side and grounded parts on the other side, the minimum clear distance in the direction of access to live parts is:

Answer

    2.5 feet
    3 feet
    3.5 feet
    exposed live parts are not permitted

4 points   

Question 5

1.

A(n) __________ is a device designed to open and close a circuit by non-automatic means and to open the circuit automatically on a predetermined overcurrent without damage to itself when properly applied within its rating.

Answer

    ground fault circuit interrupter
    circuit breaker
    automatic re-closing device
    hard usage fuse

4 points   

Question 6

1.

Which of the following is/are NOT discussed in the mechanical power press standard?

Answer

    Light curtains
    Pull-outs
    Stopping time
    Limit extenuators

4 points   

Question 7

1.

Which of the following special industries does not have a specific standard dedicated to the industry?

Answer

    Grain handling
    Logging operations
    Meatpacking
    Telecommunications

4 points   

Question 8

1.

In arc welding operations, cables with splices within __________ shall not be used.

Answer

    10 feet (3 m) of the holder
    20 feet (6 m) of the holder
    1/3 the length of the cord
    the vicinity of combustible materials

4 points   

Question 9

1.

Whenever welding or cutting is performed in locations where other than a minor fire might develop, which of the following must be done as a precautionary measure?

Answer

    The fire department should be notified.
    Fire watchers should be stationed to observe the operation.
    Such operations are prohibited.
    A barrier of non-combustible materials must be erected around the operation.

4 points   

Question 10

1.

In which standard would one find standards dealing with guarding of power drive shafts, belts and pulleys, and chains and sprockets?

Answer

    These would be found in the general machine guarding provisions of 1910.212.
    These would be found in 1910.219.
    These would be found in 1910.217.
    There are no specific standards for these situations. OSHA uses the general duty clause to deal with this issue.

Discuss some of the circumstances where mechanical ventilation is required in the welding standards. Do you believe this requirement is reasonable? Why, or why not?

Your response must be at least 200 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.

 

 

 

Discuss some of the problems that might be encountered when implementing OSHA’s machine guarding standards in the workplace. Do you feel that the standards are adequate to control machine guarding hazards in general industry? Why, or why not?

Your response must be at least 200 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.

 

 

A vertical standard is one that applies to a specific industry such as construction (29 CFR 1926). Do you think OSHA should have more vertical or industry-specific standards, or should there just be one set of horizontal standards that apply to all industries? Why do you think OSHA promulgated vertical standards in the first place, and to what extent do you think politics played a part in this process? This answer should also have at least 150 words.

 
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Epidemiology 11 Questions_Sensitivity Is_The Probability That A Test Correctly Classifies As Positive_Answer

1) Sensitivity is:
A. The probability that a test correctly classifies as positive those who have preclinical disease.
B. The probability that a test correctly classifies individuals without preclinical disease as negative
C. The probability that those who test positive have the preclinical disease
D. The probability that those who test negative do not have the preclinical disease

2) Specificity is:
A. The probability that a test correctly classifies as positive those who have preclinical disease.
B. The probability that a test correctly classifies individuals without preclinical disease as negative
C. The probability that those who test positive have the preclinical disease
D. The probability that those who test negative do not have the preclinical disease

A screening examination was performed on 250 persons for Factor X, which is found in disease Y. A definitive diagnosis for disease Y among the 250 persons had been obtained previously. The results are charted below:

RESULTS OF DIAGNOSIS
TEST RESULTS Disease Y Present Disease Y Absent
Positive for Factor X 40 60
Negative for Factor X 10 140

3) The sensitivity of this test is expressed as:
A. 40%
B. 70%
C. 29%
D. 80%

 

4) The specificity of this test is expressed as:
A. 40%
B. 70%
C. 7%
D. 80%

5) The positive predictive value of this test is:
A. 40%
B. 70%
C. 7%
D. 80%

6) The negative predictive value of this test is:
A. 40%
B. 70%
C. 93%
D. 80%

7) If the same screening test is conducted in two populations, one with a high prevalence of the disease and one with a low prevalence of the disease, assuming the sensitivity and specificity of the screening test are the same, which of the following statements about positive predictive value (PPV) applies:

A. PPV is higher in the screened population with higher prevalence
B. PPV is lower in the screened population with higher prevalence
C. PPV is the same in both populations
D. It cannot be determined

8) Lead time bias can be described as:
A. An apparently lower survival rate among persons screened compared to an unscreened group.
B. A bias that occurs because screening tends to identify cases with less aggressive forms of the disease
C. A similar survival time for persons identified during a screening program relative to persons who are diagnosed by clinical symptoms.
D. An apparently longer survival time among those identified during a screening program because they were identified at an earlier stage of their disease

9) Length-Bias can be described as:
A. An apparently lower survival rate among persons screened compared to an unscreened group.
B. A bias that occurs because screening tends to identify cases with less aggressive forms of the disease
C. A similar survival time for persons identified during a screening program relative to persons who are diagnosed by clinical symptoms.
D. An apparently longer survival time among those identified during a screening program because they were identified at an earlier stage of their disease

A new screening test for a disease is developed for use in the general population. The sensitivity and specificity of the new test are 60% and 70%, respectively. Four hundred (400) people are screened at a clinic during the first year the new test is implemented. (Assume the true prevalence of the disease among clinic attendees is 10%.)
Calculate the following values:

10) The predictive value of a positive test is:
A. 13.3%
B. 18.2%
C. 24%
D. 22.2%

 

11) The number of false positives is:
A. 108
B. 132
C. 24
D. 252

 
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Surveying Class

HOMEWORK CATEGORY ALLOCATION: This is an individual homework. NO

GROUP WORK ALLOWED.

 

Criteria Category Allocation

 

Your First Name Beginning with

Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y Z

Category 3

Your First Name Beginning with

I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P

Category 2

Your First Name Beginning with

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H

Category 1

 

Hint for Question 2: Determine absolute values of latitudes and departures. Calculate bearing angles as

tan -1

(Departure/Latitude). By visually inspecting the direction of the line segment determine the

azimuth

Hint For Question 3: Calculate the forward and backward azimuths of all the directions. Then Calculate

the co-ordinates of all the points (To do this you need to first determine the latitude and departure of

each side of the traverse plot). Adding all the latitude and departure values you will find out the linear

error and thus the Precision Ratio.

 

REFERENCE MATERIAL: Example solved in the class from GPS lecture. The solution is also available on

Titanium.

6

 

 

This is an individual homework. NO GROUP WORK ALLOWED.

FOR CATEGORIZED LOT 1 STUDENTS

 

Question 1: This problem is continued from your previous homework. Consider that you got the

following Corrected Latitude and Corrected Departure. Also consider that the coordinates of point A as

given below. Using this information determine of all the remaining points of the survey.

 

 

Corrected

Latitude

Corrected

Departure

AB -38.47 18.74

BC 23.56 -37.93

CD -9.57 -12.86

DE 6.46 -10.89

EA 18.02 42.93

Coordinates of A are Northing = 300, Easting = 200

 

 

Question 2: Using the following coordinates determine the azimuths of the following directions

 

 

Coordinates

 

 

Northing Easting

A 300 200 Azimuth of AB = __________________

B 700.00 650.00

 

 

 

Coordinates

Northing Easting

B 950.00 50.00 Azimuth of BA = __________________

A 555.00 175.00

 

 

 

Coordinates

Northing Easting

P 200.00 100.00 Azimuth of QP = __________________

Q 100.00 550.00

 

 

 

 

 

Question 3: Mapping of a ground in front of CSUF Engineering building was done with a four sided

closed traverse. Assuming that the angle measurement is accurate, interior angles of only three

traverse stations were measured. Northing, Easting, and Elevation of stations C and D were measured

with GPS device. Rest of the surveying was done with the total station. The results obtained with field

surveying are shown in the following tables. With the provided information, please calculate the

Northing, Easting, and Elevation of stations A and B. Please calculate the precision of distance

measurement with the total station.

 

Table 1. Northing, Easting and Elevation obtained from GPS Survey

Traverse Station Northing (Ft) Easting (ft) Elevation (ft)

C 5500.00 8300.00 246.885

D 5932.00 8550.00 248.985

 

Table2. Data Recorded in the Field Book From the Survey with Total Station

Instrument

Station

Prism

Station

Horizontal

Angle

Horizontal

Distance (ft)

Vertical

Distance (ft)

B A 0 0 0’

B C 73 0 45’ 740.95 +3.8

 

D C 0 0 0’

D A 140 0 58’ 281.00 -5.95

 

A D 0 0 0’

A B 100 0 22’ 401.850 +5.845

 

 

 

 

This is an individual homework. NO GROUP WORK ALLOWED.

FOR CATEGORIZED LOT 2 STUDENTS

 

Question 1: This problem is continued from your previous homework. Consider that you got the

following Corrected Latitude and Corrected Departure. Also consider that the coordinates of point A as

given below. Using this information determine of all the remaining points of the survey.

 

 

Corrected

Latitude

Corrected

Departure

AB 44.15 -34.04

BC -48.38 -15.89

CD 72.36 9.14

DE -65.84 109.33

EA -2.29 -68.54

Coordinates of A are Northing = 300, Easting = 200

 

Question 2: Using the following coordinates determine the azimuths of the following directions

 

 

Coordinates

 

 

Northing Easting

A 325 100 Azimuth of AB = __________________

B 700.00 650.00

 

 

 

Coordinates

Northing Easting

B 800 50.00 Azimuth of BA = __________________

A 250.00 100.00

 

 

 

Coordinates

Northing Easting

P 200.00 100.00 Azimuth of QP = __________________

Q 100.00 500.00

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Question 3: Mapping of a ground in front of CSUF Engineering building was done with a four sided

closed traverse. Assuming that the angle measurement is accurate, interior angles of only three

traverse stations were measured. Northing, Easting, and Elevation of stations C and D were measured

with GPS device. Rest of the surveying was done with the total station. The results obtained with field

surveying are shown in the following tables. With the provided information, please calculate the

Northing, Easting, and Elevation of stations A and B. Please calculate the precision of distance

measurement with the total station.

 

Table 1. Northing, Easting and Elevation obtained from GPS Survey

Traverse Station Northing (Ft) Easting (ft) Elevation (ft)

C 5500.00 8301.00 246.885

D 5932.50 8551.00 248.985

 

Table2. Data Recorded in the Field Book From the Survey with Total Station

Instrument

Station

Prism

Station

Horizontal

Angle

Horizontal

Distance (ft)

Vertical

Distance (ft)

B A 0 0 0’

B C 73 0 53’ 743.930 +3.835

 

D C 0 0 0’

D A 140 0 5’ 279.00 -5.800

 

A D 0 0 0’

A B 100 0 22’ 401.850 +5.750

 

 

 

 

This is an individual homework. NO GROUP WORK ALLOWED.

FOR CATEGORIZED LOT 3 STUDENTS

 

Question 1: This problem is continued from your previous homework. Consider that you got the

following Corrected Latitude and Corrected Departure. Also consider that the coordinates of point A as

given below. Using this information determine of all the remaining points of the survey.

 

 

Corrected

Latitude

Corrected

Departure

AB 39.51 -39.45

BC -20.55 -18.92

CD 47.16 -3.43

DE -33.58 48.80

EA -32.54 13.00

Coordinates of A are Northing = 300, Easting = 200

 

 

Question 2: Using the following coordinates determine the azimuths of the following directions

 

 

Coordinates

 

 

Northing Easting

A 100 200 Azimuth of AB = __________________

B 700.00 650.00

 

 

 

Coordinates

Northing Easting

B 400 50.00 Azimuth of BA = __________________

A 100.00 175.00

 

 

 

Coordinates

Northing Easting

P 250.00 100.00 Azimuth of QP = __________________

Q 100.00 550.00

 

 

 

Question 3: Mapping of a ground in front of CSUF Engineering building was done with a four sided

closed traverse. Assuming that the angle measurement is accurate, interior angles of only three

traverse stations were measured. Northing, Easting, and Elevation of stations C and D were measured

with GPS device. Rest of the surveying was done with the total station. The results obtained with field

surveying are shown in the following tables. With the provided information, please calculate the

Northing, Easting, and Elevation of stations A and B. Please calculate the precision of distance

measurement with the total station.

 

Table 1. Northing, Easting and Elevation obtained from GPS Survey

Traverse Station Northing (Ft) Easting (ft) Elevation (ft)

C 5510 8300.00 242.885

D 5930 8555.00 248.985

 

Table2. Data Recorded in the Field Book From the Survey with Total Station

Instrument

Station

Prism

Station

Horizontal

Angle

Horizontal

Distance (ft)

Vertical

Distance (ft)

B A 0 0 0’

B C 71 0 53’ 743.930 +3.835

 

D C 0 0 0’

D A 138 0 5’ 279.00 -5.800

 

A D 0 0 0’

A B 100 0 45’ 401.850 +5.750

 
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BOS 3525 Unit VII Assignment: Fatality Scenario

Unit VII Assignment: Fatality Scenario

Assume that a fatality occurred at your facility one month prior to the OSHA inspection. Review the citations and penalties that were assessed to your facility, and respond to the following questions:

• Which of the citations could be referred to the U.S. DOJ for criminal proceedings?

• What conditions would have to be met before the citations could be referred for criminal proceedings?

• Which individuals working at your facility could face criminal charges under the Act?

• What would be the maximum prison sentence and fines that any individual would face?

• What would be the maximum fine that the company would face?

• If you were facing criminal charges under the Act, what would be your best defense?

• How could you involve the OSHRC in the criminal case(s)?

 

Your response must be a minimum of two pages in length, using at least one reference. All sources must be cited in the text and on the reference page, using APA style.

 
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