Psychiatric Nursing

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I want this assignment asap -PLAGIARISM MUST BE LESS THAN 10%

sychosis and schizophrenia greatly impact the brain’s normal processes, which interferes with the ability to think clearly. When symptoms of these disorders are uncontrolled, clients may struggle to function in daily life. However, clients often thrive when properly diagnosed and treated under the close supervision of a psychiatric mental health practitioner. For this Assignment, as you examine the client case study in this week’s Learning Resources, consider how you might assess and treat clients presenting with psychosis and schizophrenia.

Learning Objectives

Students will:
  • Assess client factors and history to develop personalized plans of antipsychotic therapy for clients
  • Analyze factors that influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in clients requiring antipsychotic therapy
  • Evaluate efficacy of treatment plans
  • Analyze ethical and legal implications related to prescribing antipsychotic therapy to clients across the lifespan

 

To prepare for this Assignment:

  • Review this week’s Learning Resources. Consider how to assess and treat clients requiring anxiolytic therapy.

The Assignment

Examine Case Study: Pakistani Woman with Delusional Thought Processes. You will be asked to make three decisions concerning the medication to prescribe to this client. Be sure to consider factors that might impact the client’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes.

At each decision point stop to complete the following:

  • Decision #1
    • Which decision did you select?
    • Why did you select this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
    • What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
    • Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with Decision #1 and the results of the decision. Why were they different?
  • Decision #2
    • Why did you select this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
    • What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
    • Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with Decision #2 and the results of the decision. Why were they different?
  • Decision #3
    • Why did you select this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
    • What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
    • Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with Decision #3 and the results of the decision. Why were they different?
  • SAMPLE  ONLY

 

NURS 6630

WEEK SEVEN

Case 2: Volume 2, Case #11: The figment of a man who looked upon the lady

Introduction

Briefly, this is a scenario of a 42 year- old woman with a complex psychiatric history extending from depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, insomnia, visual hallucinations (little man)and impaired behavior with aggression. In the course of more than 36 months, the client was treated with Paroxetine (SSRI), Bupropion ( NDRI), Tiagabine, Ramelteon and , but finally a combination of Lexapro, Bupropion and quetiapine was able to decrease her symptoms . The client’s medical history includes diabetes, hypertension, CAD, hyperlipidemia, COPD, OSA, GERD, Glaucoma, overweight and a remote history of substance abuse.

Related Professional Questions

Certain medications or supplements can cause symptoms of mental illness and also due to her extensive medical history and usage of multiple medications I would ask the following questions:

1. Do you take any over -the – counter, herbal supplements or remedies and I would check for interactions with current medication regimen?

2. When and how often do you use your albuterol inhaler ? Some of the side effects of albuterol include anxiety, nervousness, and insomnia ( Cunha, 2016)

Sleep Hygiene: Do you keep regular sleep schedule ? Do you drink caffeine beverages close to bedtime?

Patient History

The patient may not be a reliable source of information, particularly that she has a significant mental illness that affects her functioning, hence verifying her responses with her direct family members, and mental social workers to get clues to the underlying or precipitating causes of mental crisis. Also checking facility records from previous encounters, or any psychiatric hospitalizations would be useful.

Diagnostics Testing

1. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). Based on recent evidence, the prevalence of depressive symptoms in hypothyroidism was nearly 50%, and clinical depression occurs in more than 40% of people suffering from hypothyroidism ( Bhagwat, 2017)

2. Electrocardiogram (ECG) The client has cardiovascular diseases ( HTN, CAD), with risks of cardio complications. In the setting of taking antidepressants and antipsychotics, baseline ECG and possibly every three to six months would be appropriate.  Several atypical antipsychotics including quetiapine (Seroquel) are known to cause prolongation of the QT interval, hypothesized to occur via direct inhibition of the cardiac delayed potassium rectifier channel, which extends the ventricular repolarization process (Zhai et al., 2017)

Differential Diagnoses

1. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ( PTSD)_

2. Major Depressive Disorder  (MDD)

3. Insomnia Disorder.

Pharmacotherapy Options for Sleep/ Wake cycle

1. Zolpidem (Ambien) 5mg oral at bedtime for Seven days.

Zolpidem is nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic, it works by enhancing GABA inhibitory actions that provide sedative hypnotic effects more selectively than other actions of GABA (Stahl, 2017). With its side effects of sedation,  low dose prescribed as the client has respiratory problems (sleep apnea OSA)).  Studies have shown that Zolpidem did not significantly worsen OSA as measured by the numbers and duration of pauses in breathing during sleep, but in one trial, it significantly lowered minimum oxygen levels during the night when compared with placebo ( Mason & Smith, 2015).

2. Trazadone 25 mg oral at bedtime for Thirty days.

Trazadone is a serotonin 2 antagonist/reuptake inhibitor, used in management of depression and insomnia. It is absorbed well, metabolized by CYP 450 3A4 with average half life of 6hrs. It has less side sedative effects compared to zolpidem (Stahl, 2017)

The best choice for the client would be Trazadone as there is no reliable evidence of dependence or withdraws and it can also work for the client’s depression.

Conclusion

The case was a perfect example how it is sometimes difficult to find effective pharmacological treatments of psychiatric illnesses. In the course of four years, the client was prescribed 5-6 medications targeting different neurotransmitters to improve the symptoms. Client’s polypharmacy increased risks of drug-drug interactions, and her medical comorbidities increased risks of adverse reactions. Lesson learned from this study was  that treatment  should be optimally initiated after diagnosis, and augment or switching to a new agent must be carefully  done in consideration of possible  side effects and better outcomes.

References

Bhagwat, N., Tayde, P., Sharma, P., Sharma, B., Dalwadi, P., Sonawane, A., … Varthakavi, P. (2017). Hypothyroidism and depression: Are cytokines the link? Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 21(6), 886. Retrieved from https://web-b-ebscohost-com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=7&sid=aeb79c1d-68dc-40a4-bd10-f956796bc9e8%40sessionmgr101

Cunha, J. (2016). Common Side Effects of Ventolin HFA (Albuterol Sulfate Inhalation Aerosol) Drug Center – RxList. Retrieved from https://www.rxlist.com/ventolin-hfa-side-effects-drug-center.htm

Mason, M., & Smith, I. (2015). Effects of opioid, hypnotic and sedating medications on obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in adults with known OSA | Cochrane. Retrieved from http://www.cochrane.org/CD011090/AIRWAYS_effects-opioid-hypnotic-and-sedating-medications-obstructive-sleep-apnoea-osa-adults-known-osa

Zhai, D., Lang, Y., Dong, G., Liu, Y., Wang, X., Zhou, D., … Zhang, R. (2017). QTc interval lengthening in first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients in the earliest stages of antipsychotic treatment. Schizophrenia Research, 179, 70-74. Retrieved from https://resolver-ebscohost-com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/openurl?ID=pmid%3a27727006&genre=article&atitle=QTc+interval+lengthening+in+first-episode+schizophrenia+(FES)+patien

 
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Collecting Comprehensive Health Assessment

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APA format 2pages with 3 peer review references Due Friday 8/31/2018 at 7pm EST  Will pay 15 dollars

 

Collecting Comprehensive Health Assessment

The United states census Bureau’s 2009 data revealed that 37% of individuals age 65 and older have disabilities. This includes adults with disabilities who developed in old age and those who lived with disability from birth or have acquired disability in younger or middle years (Hahn, Aronow, Rosario, & Guenther, 2013). According to Ball, Dains, Flynn, Solomon & Stewart, 2014 the primary objective of the clinician when conducting an interview and physical assessment on a patient, is to discover the details about a patient’s concern, explore expectations, identify underlying worries, and believing them which optimizes your ability to help them. It is important to adapt to the needs of all patients of any age with disabling physical or emotional states (Ball et al., 2015).

Selected Patient for Face-to-Face Interview and Assessment

As a clinician building a health history on a 76-year-old Black/African American male with disabilities living in an urban setting. It is important to be sensitive to cultural differences that may exist between you and the patient that can help avoid miscommunication. To build health history based on ethnicity and to avoid stereotype, when necessary clinicians should modify their habits to foster effective communication, because your first meeting with the patient set the tone for success. Also, the clinician should be honest, flexible and have a desire to help (Ball et al, 2015).  When you first enter the patient’s, space be respectful by greeting the patient, introduce yourself and state the reason for your visit. Acquire written or verbal consent from the patient to collect health history and to conduct an interview. If possible conduct the interview in an uncluttered quiet area. Have the patients’ health record available and utilize all healthcare professionals involved in this patient’s care. Because the patient may lack the ability to give accurate history, having a family member present with the patient’s permission during the interview helps the patient to be more comfortable to provide needed information (Ball et al., 2015). It is important to sit in front of the patient at eye level, speak slowly, clearly and enunciate each word in the patients view for patients with hearing and visual disability (Ball et al., 2015). To conduct the interview, it is important to have written open-ended questions that are short, uncomplicated and pertinent to the patient to avoid overwhelming and confusion. History on the elderly can be more complex so guiding techniques can be used to obtain important information (Kahn et al., 2013).

Health Related Risk

Frailty is increasingly common among our aging population. Assessing level of frailty is very important, because it has a significant impact on individuals and society with increased risk of dependency, disability, hospitalization, institutional placement, and mortality (Harttgen, Kowal, Strulik, Chatterji, & Vollmer 2013). Frailty is characterized by weakness weight loss and low activity. It is considered an at-risk state caused by age –associated accumulation of deficits (Ball et al., 2015). Functional impairment must be assessed.

Functional Mobility Assessment Screening Tool

Functional assessment must be address for the disabled patient by assessing their health risk. Assessing the patient’s ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL), and cognitive, psychological social and sexual limitation should be completed on all older adults or a disabled patient (Ball et al., 2015). Does the patient has difficulty walking standard distance (0 feet or 2 to 3 blocks), difficulty climbing stairs (up and down), difficulty holding and opening small objects, needs assistance with house-keeping, shopping, money management, meal preparation and assistant eating. Interviewer must keep in mind that the patients will hide or overstate their abilities (Ball et al., 2015).

Conclusion

To build a health history as it relates to ethnicity, information about personal and social history is important to address cultural background, practices, home environment as a youth, education, occupation, current health habits, health coverage and concern about healthcare cost should be collected to avoid the stereotype as they influence the health problem on the patient’s life (Ball et al., 2015). Understanding a person’s life and daily routine can help you to understand how your patient’s lifestyle might affects his healthcare. Also understanding an older patient usual level of functioning and knowing about any recent significant changes are important to providing appropriate healthcare (Paula, Krzysztof, & Ewa, 2018).

References

Ball, J. W., Dains, J. E., Flynn, J. A., Solomon, B. S., & Stewart, R. W. (2015). Seidel’s guide to

physical examination (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby.

 
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answer to this (PSY 496 applied project) discussion

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Question description

250 words response

Answer to this discussion: Are the research methods he/she selected appropriate for studying the disorders they chose? Support your opinions with scholarly information and reasoning. What alternative research design could be employed to study the disorders they discussed?

the discussion you should answer it:

“Hello class,

One controversy in the article is Neurodevelopmental Disorders and how individuals with disorders such as dyslexia may not receive the academic accommodations or treatment they should be given. Another issue is the extended age range for the diagnosis of ADHD. The concern is increasing adult drug seeking. The new criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorders might decrease findings for individuals with specific levels of severity/functioning. One concern is because DSM-5 is letting go of the Global Assessment of Function (GAF) this assessment is often utilized by professionals for the confirmation of disorders such as PTSD which is more complex than just a few domains about level functioning in the WHODAS. Now the concern that I have is it minimizes the impact of other psychological symptoms and suffering and it will be a decrease in the number of individuals to receive treatment or compensation for trauma-related disorders.

Another controversy in the article “An overview of the DSM-5: Changes, controversy, and implications for psychiatric nursing” are dealing with changes that occurred in Neurodevelopmental disorders, feeding, and eating disorders and sleep-wake disorder. Under the Neurodevelopmental disorders are some of the first disorders that can be detected as early as infancy to adolescence. The first change was the name mental retardation to intellectual development. In my opinion, the term mental retardation is an offensive term to use.

Another controversy Suicidal Behavior Disorder was to be characterized by self-injurious behaviors that would result in death. This diagnosis would be given immediately following an attempt and would remain in place for 2 years, the time of greatest risk for reattempting suicide” (Halter, Rolin-Kenny, Dzurec, 2013, p. 37). Suicidal behavior disorder needs to be taken seriously, diagnosis of such disorder and prevention of further harm could help patients, could also save their life. Naming this disorder will allow a history to be created and it can also be tracked in order to prevent reoccurrence. I think the concerns of labeling an individual suicidal can be harmful and stigmatizing, so a further review is necessary.

Depressive Episodes with Short-Duration Hypomania exhibit dipolar behavior characterized by a hypomanic episode that lasts less than 4 days.

Does one’s environment play a significant role in the onset of an episode?An interview is one research method that could provide information pertaining to the research question. To determine an event, environment and factors that lead up to an episode and tracking over an extensive period will provide what factorsshould be trying to avoid to limit their episodes.”

PS. the discussion address the following points:

  • What are three controversies discussed in the Halter, Rolin-Kenny, & Dzurec (2013) article? Give your opinions about these controversies. From your point view, are these legitimate concerns? Why or why not?
  • Name a disorder identified as requiring significantly more research and study from the DSM-5 section entitled, “Conditions for Further Study” (Section III of the DSM-5). Construct a research question that is pertinent to the disorder you selected.
  • Briefly outline a research method that could be used to investigate the disorder based on one of the research methods presented in your textbook.
 
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Comment

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COMMENT1

ANOVA tells us whether a set of features decreases the amount of unexplained information more by having groupings as compared to leaving out all groupings. There are those times when one is better off dropping these features (Landwehr, 2017). When one look at just two samples, ANOVA test and T-test yield the same results. T-test can be used to assess other means by using numerous T-tests. However, this technique becomes unreliable and erroneous.

Analysis of variance or ANOVA enables one to use statistics to test differences or variations between two means or more and reduce the probability of type I error which may occur when dealing with multiple two-sample T-tests. ANOVA is therefore indicated for testing hypothesis where there are multiple populations or means (Wiley, 2015).

A T-test is used to test the differences existing between two means. For instance, mean of experiment group versus a control group. ANOVA test, on the other hand, is used when there are three or more populations or means to be tested (Wiley, 2015).

ANOVA is used for both experimental and observational studies. It is, therefore, a form of statistical hypothesis testing. There are two major types of ANOVA tests. These are one-way ANOVA test where just one factor is studied (peaches) and two-way ANOVA test where two factors are studies (oranges and peaches). If statisticians want to add extra factors, they can just carry out multiple ANOVA tests. There are certain requirements which must be met so as to perform ANOVA tests (Landwehr, 2017). These are populations of the samples should be normal, samples must be simple random samples of quantitative data and samples must be independent of each other.

COMMENT 2

An interaction is a relationship developed between two or more participants. Typically it is a formed connection with like matters in commonality. Everyday we are faced with interacting with others everywhere we go. For example for my self personally, I am mother who co-parents with my son’s father that does not live within our household. Though our lives and choices are not to be together as a couple, we still must have interaction with one another for the benefit and wellbeing of our son. Another interaction that we all expect to face as working registered nurses is the interaction with physicians, patients and their families. This interaction is not always the easiest working relationship because of the multiple personalities and viewpoints and expectations. When conducting business with the physicians, a nurse may utilize a vocabulary with higher educational language than expected to conduct with a nurse-patient interaction. The conversations with the physicians are also shorter and patient oriented and a little more unvarnished and to the point of formulating a plan and coming to a conclusion. The interactions a nurse has with their patients and their families are slightly different. The information provided is factual, but more often are presented in a more sensitive matter in respect of the emotional distress hospitalization can cause.

 
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NURS6001 Week 1 Quiz

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QUESTION 1

When will you lose access to your completed courses (excluding this Student Readiness Orientation)?

a. Never

b. 30 days after the course end date

c. 60 days after the course end date

d. 120 days after the course end date

1 points Save Answer

QUESTION 2

When you submit an assignment, when should you have the assignment complete by on the day assigned?

a. 11:59 p.m. Mountain Time (MT)—which is 1:59 a.m. Eastern Time (ET) the next day; the time stamp in the classroom will reflect Eastern Time (ET), regardless of your time zone

b. 11:59 p.m. Central Time (CT)—which is 10:59 p.m. Mountain Time (MT); the time stamp in the classroom will reflect Mountain Time (MT), regardless of your time zone

c. 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time (ET)—which is 8:59 p.m. Pacific Time (PT); the time stamp in the classroom will reflect Pacific Time (PT), regardless of your time zone

d. 10:59 p.m. Mountain Time (MT)—which is 12:59 a.m. Eastern Time (ET) the next day; the time stamp in the classroom will reflect Eastern Time (ET), regardless of your time zone

1 points Save Answer

QUESTION 3

Where in your online course will you find the contact information for your Instructor?

a. Syllabus

b. Student Support

c. Contact the Instructor

1 points Save Answer

QUESTION 4

If you are having trouble accessing your online classroom, what should you do first?

a. Clean your browser’s cookies and cache

b. Check firewall settings

c. Deactivate pop-up blockers

1 points Save Answer

QUESTION 5

In an online course, students can participate in the online classroom and submit assignments whenever it is convenient for them to do so.

True

False

1 points Save Answer

QUESTION 6

In which area will you retrieve written assignments with comments from your instructor?

a. Discussion

b. My Grades area

c. Assignment Link

1 points Save Answer

QUESTION 7

If you have a question about which courses you should register for next term, who should you contact?

a. Student Support Team

b. One of your current instructors

c. Your Academic Advisor

1 points Save Answer

QUESTION 8

As long as you save your work to your home computer’s hard drive, you are safe.

True

False

1 points Save Answer

QUESTION 9

When sending and e-mail to your Instructor or any Walden staff, your e-mail should:

a. Include color stationary as a background

b. USE ALL CAPITAL LETTERS SO THEY KNOW YOUR EMAIL IS IMPORTANT

c. Include your full legal name, your program or course, and your Walden ID Number

1 points Save Answer

QUESTION 10

The online classroom area where you can post an assignment and have your classmates and instructor respond to your ideas is called:

a. My Grades area

b. Discussion

c. Assignment Link

1 points Save Answer

QUESTION 11

Students can always edit their posting in Discussion.

True

False

1 points Save Answer

QUESTION 12

Who should you contact with questions about online classroom technical concerns?

a. Your Instructor

b. Walden Academic Advisor

c. Student Support

d. Program Director

1 points Save Answer

QUESTION 13

Since your online classroom could unexpectedly time out on occasion, what should you do before submitting a long Discussion posting?

a. Type and save the assignment as a word-processed document first.

b. Tell your instructor you are going to submit an assignment.

c. Create a new topic.

d. Call the Student Support Team for help.

1 points

Save Answer

QUESTION 14

Students should avoid referencing Wikipedia as a scholarly resource in their assignments.

True

False

1 points Save Answer

QUESTION 15

Online students are expected to behave with academic integrity and honesty.

True

False

 
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Family In Crisis

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When a person is in a crisis situation, his/her behavior has a direct effect on family members. Many times, family is drawn into the crisis and has to find a way to help the person in crisis while at the same time make sure that they themselves do not become part of the problem. Conduct research and determine ways that a family can effectively deal with a family member in crisis. Be sure to address the following questions:

  • Are there things that a family member can do to help the person in crisis?
  • Should the family seek professional help, and if so, what type of help?
  • Should the family themselves participate in a group setting with the family member in crisis?
  • What are some of the side effects that can cause issues for family members trying to help?

Directions

In addition to fulfilling the specifics of the Assignment, a successful paper must also meet the following criteria:

  • Include a cover page and references page in 10–12 point font (Arial, Courier, and Times New Roman are acceptable)
  • Viewpoint and purpose should be clearly established and sustained
  • Assignment should follow the conventions of Standard American English (correct grammar, punctuation, etc.)
  • Writing should be well ordered, logical, and unified, as well as original and insightful
  • Your work should display superior content, organization, style, and mechanics
  • Appropriate citation style should be followed

You should also make sure to:

  • Include a title page with full name, class name, section number, and date
  • Include an introductory and concluding paragraph and demonstrate college-level communication through the composition of original materials in Standard American English
  • Use examples to support your discussion
  • Cite all sources on a separate reference page at the end of your paper and cited within the body of your paper using APA format
 
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Journal Entry

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Journal 1 Entry

Reflect on a patient who is beyond 20 weeks gestation and presented with a health problem that commonly arises during pregnancy. Describe the patient’s personal and medical history, drug therapy and treatments, and follow-up care. Then, explain the implications of the patient’s health problem. If you did not have an opportunity to evaluate a patient with this background during the last eight weeks, you may select a related case study from a reputable source or reflect on previous clinical experiences.

(Health Problem: Alcohol Consumption)

Journal 2 Entry

Reflect on a patient who presented with postpartum depression during your Practicum Experience. Describe the patient’s personal and medical history, drug therapy and treatments, and follow-up care. Then, explain the implications of the patient’s postpartum depression, including how this might impact the entire family unit. If you did not have an opportunity to evaluate a patient with this background during the last nine weeks, you may select a related case study from a reputable source or reflect on previous clinical experiences.

Journal 3 Entry

Reflect on a patient who presented with a cardiovascular, neurologic, respiratory, or gastrointestinal disorder during your Practicum Experience. Describe the patient’s personal and medical history, drug therapy and treatments, and follow-up care. Then, explain how the patient’s gender might have impacted or influenced her care. If you did not have an opportunity to evaluate a patient with this background during the last 10 weeks, you may select a related case study from a reputable source or reflect on previous clinical experiences.

(Health Problem: Hyperlipidemia)

Reference

Schuiling, K. D., & Likis, F. E. (2017). Women’s gynecologic health (3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

Tharpe, N. L., Farley, C., & Jordan, R. G. (2017). Clinical practice guidelines for midwifery & women’s health (5th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

And any other.

Requirement : One and half page each

 
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Agenda Setting

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Agenda Setting

A key aspect of the policy process is agenda setting. How do topics get on that agenda? Agenda setting requires the support of stakeholders to move the issue forward. In this week’s media presentation, Dr. Kathleen White outlines the policy process and discusses how to move issues into the policy arena through agenda setting. The ultimate goal is to gain the attention of leadership whether at the organizational, local, state, national, or international level.

To prepare:

  • Review      this week’s media presentation, focusing on the insights shared by Dr.      White and Dr. Stanley on agenda setting and identification of      stakeholders.
  • Brainstorm      clinical practice issues that you believe are worthy of being on your      organization’s systematic agenda.
  • Who      are the stakeholders who would be interested in this clinical practice      issue?

By tomorrow 03/14/2018 3pm, write a minimum of 550 words in APA format with at least 3 scholarly references from the list of required readings below. Include the level one headings as numbered below”

Post a cohesive response that addresses the following:

1) In the first line of your posting, identify the clinical practice issue you would like to see on your organization’s systematic agenda.

2) What strategies would you use to inform stakeholders and persuade them of the importance of your identified clinical practice issue?

Required Readings

Hyder, A., Syed, S., Puvanachandra, P., Bloom, G., Sundaram, S., Mahmood, S., … Peters, D. (2010). Stakeholder analysis for health research: case studies from low- and middle-income countries. Public Health, 124(3), 159–166.

This study demonstrates how the engagement of stakeholders in research and policy making can assist in the successful implementation of policy proposals. The authors propose that by engaging stakeholders, researchers and policy makers are provided with multiple perspectives on proposed policies, which can lead to greater success with policy adoption and implementation.

Lavis, J. N., Permanand, G., Oxman, A. D., Lewin, S., & Fretheim, A. (2009). SUPPORT Tools for evidence-informed health Policymaking (STP) 13: Preparing and using policy briefs to support evidence-informed policymaking. Health Research Policy & Systems, 71–79. doi: 10.1186/1478-4505-7-S1-S13

The purpose of a policy brief is to communicate an issue clearly and definitively to policy makers. The authors of this article propose an outline for policy briefs and also stress the importance of using research when creating a policy brief.

Lowery, B. (2009). Obesity, bariatric nursing, and the policy process: The connecting points for patient advocacy. Bariatric Nursing & Surgical Patient Care, 4(2), 133–138.

This article provides an example of nurse involvement in policy making by examining a bariatric nursing issue. The author stresses that nurses, in their patient-advocacy role, have a responsibility to be involved in the health care policy process.

Moore, K. (2006). How can basic research on children and families be useful for the policy process? Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 52(2), 365–375.

Institute of Medicine. (2010). The future of nursing: Leading change, advancing health: Report recommendations. Retrieved from http://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2010/The-Future-of-Nursing/Future%20of%20Nursing%202010%20Recommendations.pdf

Introduced in Week 2, this IOM report highlights four key recommendations in its proposal for the future directions of the nursing profession. These recommendations focus on nursing practice, education and training, partnerships with other healthcare professionals, and workforce planning and policymaking.

National Center for Policy Analysis (2010). Ideas changing the world: Free-market health care policy. Retrieved from http://www.ncpa.org/healthcare/

The NCPA is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization that promotes private sector solutions to public policy issues.

Slack, B. (2011). The policy process. Retrieved from http://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans/eng/methods/ch9c2en.html 

The author presents a policy-making framework and provides details on the four steps of that process: problem definition, policy objectives and options, policy implementation, and policy evaluation and maintenance.

Required Media

Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2011). Healthcare policy and advocacy: Agenda setting and the policy process. Baltimore: Author. 

Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 17 minutes.

Dr. Kathleen White and Dr. Joan Stanley share their insights into agenda setting and how issues are moved forward into the policy process.

Optional Resources

Barnes, M., Hanson, C., Novilla, L., Meacham, A., McIntyre, E., & Erickson, B. (2008). Analysis of media agenda setting during and after Hurricane Katrina: Implications for emergency preparedness, disaster response, and disaster policy. American Journal of Public Health, 98(4), 604–610.

Jennings, C. (2002). The power of the policy brief. Policy, Politics & Nursing Practice, 3(3), 261–263. doi: 10.1177/152715440200300310

Neumann, P. J., Palmer, J. A., Daniels, N., Quigley, K., Gold, M. R., & Chao, S. (2008). A strategic plan for integrating cost-effectiveness analysis into the US health care system. American Journal of Managed Care, 14(4), 185-188.

Plan, Policy, Procedure Relationship Diagram. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.informationsecurityintel.com/docs/Fig.%204.3.pdf

 
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Review The Sample Web Server Scan Given In The Text Sheet Entitled “Web Server Vulnerability Analysis” And Answer The Following Questions: Web Server Vulnerability Analysis Sample Web Server Scan Using The Following Nikto Output, Identify Potential Vul

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D5: Web server vulnerability analysis

44 unread replies.44 replies.

Review the sample Web server scan given in the text sheet entitled “Web Server Vulnerability Analysis” and answer the following questions:

Web Server Vulnerability Analysis

Sample Web Server Scan

Using the following Nikto output, identify potential vulnerabilities and issues with the scanned system.

– Nikto v2.1.0

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+ Target IP:          192.168.2.111

+ Target Hostname:    192.168.2.111

+ Target Port:        80

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+ Server: Apache/2.2.8 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.10 with Suhosin-Patch

– Root page / redirects to: login.php

+ OSVDB-0: robots.txt contains 1 entry which should be manually viewed.

+ OSVDB-0: Apache/2.2.8 appears to be outdated (current is at least Apache/2.2.14). Apache 1.3.41 and 2.0.63 are also current.

+ OSVDB-0: Number of sections in the version string differ from those in the database, the server reports: 5.2.4.45.2.117.98.117.110.116.117.5.10 while the database has: 5.2.8. This may cause false positives.

+ OSVDB-0: PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.10 appears to be outdated (current is at least 5.2.8)

+ OSVDB-877: HTTP TRACE method is active, suggesting the host is vulnerable to XST

+ OSVDB-0: ETag header found on server, inode: 1681, size: 26, mtime: 0x46dfa70e2b580

+ OSVDB-0: /config/: Configuration information may be available remotely.

+ OSVDB-0: /php.ini: This file should not be available through the web interface

+ OSVDB-12184: /index.php?=PHPB8B5F2A0-3C92-11d3-A3A9-4C7B08C10000: PHP reveals potentially sensitive information via certain HTTP requests which contain specific QUERY strings.

+ OSVDB-3268: /config/: Directory indexing is enabled: /config/

+ OSVDB-3092: /login/: This might be interesting…

+ OSVDB-3092: /setup/: This might be interesting…

+ OSVDB-3268: /icons/: Directory indexing is enabled: /icons

+ OSVDB-3268: /docs/: Directory indexing is enabled: /docs

+ OSVDB-3092: /README: README file found.

+ OSVDB-3092: /CHANGELOG.txt: A changelog was found.

+ OSVDB-3233: /icons/README: Apache default file found.

+ 3588 items checked: 17 item(s) reported on remote host

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+ 1 host(s) tested

Answer the following:

1-What vulnerabilities were found?

2-What risks do they create?

3-How could they be remediated?

 
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Final Paper: Research Proposal

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Final Paper: Research Proposal

Review the Example Research Proposal provided in the course materials. Design a research study on the topic of the study selected in Week One and critiqued in Week Three. Your design should seek to resolve the limitations you identified in the study you critiqued. Your paper must address all of the components required in the “Methods” section of a research proposal:

  • State the research question and/or hypothesis.
  • Specify the approach (qualitative or quantitative), research design, sampling strategy, data collection procedures, and data analysis techniques to be used.
  • If the design is quantitative, also describe the variables, measures, and statistical tests you would use.
  • Analyze ethical issues that may arise and explain how you would handle these issues.

Your Final Paper must be six to eight pages in length (excluding title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Utilize a minimum of six peer-reviewed sources that were published within the last 10 years, in addition to the textbook, that are documented in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. The sources should consist of the following:

  • One source should be the article you critiqued in the Week Three assignment.
  • At least two sources should be about the research methodology you have chosen for your study.
  • At least one source should be on ethical issues in research.
  • The remaining sources may be about anything pertinent to your study.

In accordance with APA style, all references listed must be cited in the body of the paper.

Required Sections and Subsections (use these headings in your paper)

  1. Introduction – Introduce the research topic, explain why it is important, and present your research question and/or hypothesis.
  2. Literature Review – Summarize the current state of knowledge on your topic, making reference to the findings of previous research studies (including the one you critiqued in Week Three). Briefly analyze and critique these studies and mention the research methods that have previously been used to study the topic. State whether your proposed study is a replication of a previous study or a new approach using methods that have not been used before. Be sure to properly cite all of your sources in APA style.
  3. Methods
    1. Design – Indicate whether your proposed study is qualitative or quantitative in approach. Identify the specific research design, using one of the designs we have studied in Weeks Three through Five, and indicate whether it is experimental or non-experimental. Evaluate your chosen design and explain why you believe this design is appropriate for the topic and how it will provide the information you need to answer the research question. Cite sources on research methodology to support your choices.
    2. Participants – Identify and describe the sampling strategy you would use to recruit participants for your study. Estimate the number of participants you would need and explain why your sampling method is appropriate for your research design and approach.
    3. Procedure/Measures – Apply the scientific method by describing the steps you would use in carrying out your study. Indicate whether you will use any kind of test, questionnaire, or measurement instrument. If using an existing published instrument, provide a brief description and cite your source. If you are creating a questionnaire, survey, or test, describe the types of information you will gather and explain how you would establish the validity and reliability. If you are not using such an instrument, describe how you would collect the data.
    4. Data Analysis – Describe the statistical techniques (if quantitative) or the analysis procedure (if qualitative) you plan to use to analyze the data. Cite at least one source on the chosen analysis technique (from your Week Two assignment).
    5. Ethical Issues – Analyze the impact of ethical concerns on your proposed study, such as confidentiality, deception, informed consent, potential harm to participants, conflict of interest, IRB approval, etc. After analyzing the ethical issues that apply to your research proposal, indicate what you would do to handle these concerns.
  4. Conclusion – Briefly summarize the major points from your paper and reiterate why your proposed study is needed.

Writing the Final Paper
The Final Paper:

  • Must be six to eight double-spaced pages in length, and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
  • Must include a title page with the following:
    • Title of paper
    • Student’s name
    • Course name and number
    • Instructor’s name
    • Date submitted
  • Must begin with an introductory paragraph that has a succinct thesis statement.
  • Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
  • Must end with a conclusion that reaffirms your thesis.
  • Must use at least six peer-reviewed sources that were published within the last 10 years, in addition to the textbook.
  • Must document all sources in APA style, as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
  • Must include a separate reference page, formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
 
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