Mental Health Counselors

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CCMH/525: Research Methods For Mental Health Counselors

(Mental Health Counselors)

Wk 2 Discussion 3 [due Mon]

Wk 2 Discussion 3 [due Mon]

Discussion Topic

Review this week’s course materials and learning activities, and reflect on your learning so far this week. Respond to one or more of the following prompts in one to two paragraphs:

In chapter 5 of Cozy & Bates (2015) different ways to measure variables are discussed. Thinking to your final research project discuss a method you will utilize and discuss why. If the types of methods are confusing please list what you feel you know, and what methods are confusing. Think about a correlation vs. an experiment for example.

Students need to contribute two substantive posts in this discussion by the due date indicated. The substantive posts can be any combination of responses and replies.

Copyright 2018 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.

Responses (8)

 

Use this space to start a discussion!

Make an initial post to start a discussion. Participants can add responses and replies.

Marie Elien(Mental Health Counselors)

3 hours ago, at 7:25 AM NEW

In chapter 5, the authors talk about reliability. I’m a bit confused on whether reliability can be repeated. On page 101, the authors stated, ” when conducting research, you can measure each person only once; you cannot give the measure 50 or 100 times to discover a true score” ( cozby & Bates, 2015) . When reading this, to me it sounds like reliability can’t be repeated. Than on page 102, the authors talked about ” test-retest reliability- assessed by measuring the same individuals at two points in time” ( cozby & Bates, 2015). For my understanding, it’s now saying that reliability can be repeated and if the results are similar it is reliable. My question is can reliability repeated at anytime?

Reference

cozby, P, C., & Bates, S. C., (2015). Methods in behavioral research (12th ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

Marie Elien

4 hours ago, at 6:50 AM NEW

For my final research topic the best way to measure it is by interview and observation. I would ask my participants questions such as “being on a long-term antipsychotic treatment do you find your thinking process the same or is it getting slower?”. I will also question them about their memories ability, I will also examined them on how long they can focus on a task. I’m guessing this approach is called “face validity– the evidence for validity is that the measure appears on the face of it to measure what is supposed to measure” (Cozby & Bates, 2015). I will also observe their behavior while they are under treatment. This approach is called “interrater reliability- is the extend to which raters agree in their observations” ( Cozby & Bates, 2015).

Reference:

Cozby, P, C., & Bates, S. C., (2015). Methods in behavioral research. (12th ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

Nicole Coalter(Mental Health Counselors)

12 hours ago, at 10:31 PM

I think for my final project in research I would like to be able to measure the reliability of what I am researching. After reading the text I saw more formal ways to know what reliability in research is. The two ways are that compromise each other are true score and measurement error. True score in the text means the real score of measurement and measurement error means that the score is unreliable (Cozy & Bates, 2015). I think as going into the counseling field understanding reliability as a consistent and stable measure of behavior will help better understand our clients. I feel that behavior is the biggest thing as future counselors we look at in treating clients. Whether the behavior is good or bad; how do we overall keep improving the positive behavior and help the client to change his or her own behavior those are my thoughts. What are is the class thoughts on this?

Reference: Reference: Cozby, P. C., & Bates, S. C. (2015). Methods In behavioral research (12th ed.). Boston, MA:  McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

Katie Diaz(Mental Health Counselors)

17 hours ago, at 6:14 PM

As we progress in this class i am changing what my initial research question and focusing it down to something more specific. I think that my research question now is going to focus more on how depression affect people in the workplace, this way there are not very many variables to determine and it has one main focus. So with that in mind I think that best approach would be to do interviews and surveys to see how much a person’s depressions affects their work habits. By doing interviews it would have to be done by two people so that the “Interrater reliability is the extent to which raters agree in their observations” (Cozby, 2015). That way each person will be able to read the person’s actions and truly see how much depression is affecting them in the workplace.

Reference: Cozby, P. C., & Bates, S. C. (2015). Methods In behavioral research (12th ed.). Boston, MA:

McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

 
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Study Proposal

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Study Proposal

(Study Proposal)

For your Study Proposal assignment, you will apply knowledge of theory and research in the study of biological psychology by writing a study proposal and providing a detailed summary outline of the research plan. This topic should be of your choosing, and builds on the information you identified on research methods currently used in the field, which you completed in Unit 5.

For this assignment, propose a study plan in which you will research the hypothesis for a research problem of your choosing, relevant to biological psychology. Format your paper using the following headings, as well as the Study Proposal Template (linked in Resources):

  • Research problem:
    • State the problem that underlies the topic for your research proposal.
    • Evaluate physiological connections based on knowledge of physiological mechanisms, neural transmission, and neurotransmitter function gained in this course.
  • Literature Review: Provide an effective literature review of other studies done on the same research problem. This section may include information obtained in your Unit 5 research methods paper.
  • Importance or Implications to Biological Psychology: Discuss the importance or implications of this research problem to biological psychology.
  • Research methods:
    • Discuss the research method and design chosen for your proposed study from the four identified in Chapter 4 of Brain & Behavior.
      • Naturalistic observation.
      • Case study.
      • Survey.
      • Experiment.
    • Clarify a rationale for the research method chosen to be used in this study.
  • Hypothesis Verification: State the hypothesis your study plan is designed to test and any questions that will guide your research plan.
  • Validity: Describe how the validity of the research will be ensured.
  • Ethical Criteria: Discuss the necessary criteria to ensure the study will be conducted safely and ethically.
  • Summary: Summarize your study plan and rationale for the chosen method and design.

Paper Requirements

  • Number of Resources: Minimum number of 3–5 peer-reviewed journal articles.
  • Length: 10–15 pages.
  • Format: Formatted as shown in the Study Proposal Template, linked in the Resources. Use current APA style and formatting
  • Turnitin: Submitted to Turnitin and the percentage provided when you submit your paper to the Unit 7 assignment area.

Submit Methods of Research assignment by Sunday of Unit 7.

You may choose to save this learning activity to your ePortfolio.

Resources

 
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Nursing Leadership4

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Nursing Leadership4

(Nursing Leadership4)

Project 1 week 1

Time Management

This assignment is about you. It is an assessment of your abilities and traits.

This assignment will help you figure out what style of leadership you have been following and whether this style works for you.

Through this assignment, you will find the various approaches of leadership that complement each other. There is no one theory that describes the only way to be an effective leader. Each theory focuses on different issues, but they all help you to better understand how to become a successful leader.

use the following link to access the Time Management Assessment: Time Management Assessment This is the web site that needs to be link http://literacynet.org/icans/chapter03/timemgmt.html

Based on your research and understanding, create a paper in a 3- to 4-page Microsoft Word document that:

Incorporates your time management self-assessment information and the concepts learned this week (leadership theories, leadership versus management, professional nursing organizations, and time management.

Includes identification of one leadership theory, which you feel best describes your leadership style.

Includes a comparison between leadership and management

Includes a suggestion on how to apply this week’s concepts to the work environment

APA format need references too.

· Leadership Theories

  • Autocratic (Authoritarian): The      autocratic leader dictates to the group the task to be accomplished, and      the method to be followed. This style is used when time is short and the      leader is the most knowledgeable person on the team with regards to the      task at hand.
  • Participative (Democratic):      Participative leaders include the group in the decision−making process.      This style is most appropriate when everyone in the group has knowledge      about the subject, like when working with a group of experts. The leader,      however, retains the ability to make the final decision.

Delegative (Free Reign): Also known as laissez faire, meaning—to not get involved in the affairs of others, a delegative leader allows the individuals in the group to make independent decisions, although the leader will be held responsible for the decisions made. It is best to not supervise educated people.

 
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Nursing’s Evolving Landscape

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Nursing’s Evolving Landscape: Embracing Change

(Nursing’s Evolving Landscape)

Over the decades, nursing has experienced a profound evolution in its role within healthcare delivery. Initially seen primarily as caregivers, nurses now assume multifaceted responsibilities integral to the modern healthcare landscape. They have transitioned from task-oriented roles to holistic care providers, collaborating closely with interdisciplinary teams to ensure comprehensive patient well-being.

Today’s nurses are educators, advocates, and leaders, actively involved in patient education, disease prevention, and health promotion initiatives. With advancements in technology and healthcare practices, nurses have embraced new roles in telemedicine, informatics, and evidence-based practice, leveraging innovation to enhance patient outcomes.

Furthermore, the increasing complexity of healthcare demands nurses to possess advanced clinical skills and critical thinking abilities, contributing to diagnostic processes, treatment planning, and patient management. Their role extends beyond hospital settings into community outreach programs, addressing public health challenges and promoting wellness at local levels.

In essence, nursing’s evolving role reflects a dynamic response to the changing needs of society and healthcare systems. Through adaptation, innovation, and dedication, nurses continue to shape the future of healthcare delivery, playing an indispensable role in improving patient care and fostering healthier communities.

Essays Due Tomorrow At 8:00 Pm Absolutely No Plagiarism Follow Instructions Carefully Needs To Be An A Paper Due April 15 At 8:00 Pm EST

As the country focuses on the restructuring of the U.S. health care delivery system, nurses will continue to play an important role. It is expected that more and more nursing jobs will become available out in the community, and fewer will be available in acute care hospitals.

Write an informal presentation (500-700 words) to educate nurses about how the practice of nursing is expected to grow and change. Include the concepts of continuity or continuum of care, accountable care organizations (ACO), medical homes, and nurse-managed health clinics.

Share your presentation with nurse colleagues on your unit or department and ask them to offer their impressions of the anticipated changes to health care delivery and the new role of nurses in hospital settings, communities, clinics, and medical homes.

In 800-1,000 words summarize the feedback shared by three nurse colleagues and discuss whether their impressions are consistent with what you have researched about health reform.

A minimum of three scholarly references are required for this assignment.

While APA format is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected and in-text citations and references should be presented using APA documentation guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

 
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Marriage & Family

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Marriage & Family

(Marriage & Family)

Marriage and family are fundamental pillars of society, providing support, companionship, and a framework for raising children. Marriage is a union between two individuals based on love, commitment, and mutual respect. It serves as a foundation for building a family unit, fostering emotional security and stability. Within the family, roles and responsibilities are shared, creating a nurturing environment for personal growth and development.

Communication, trust, and compromise are essential components of a healthy marriage and family dynamic. Open dialogue fosters understanding and strengthens bonds, while trust forms the bedrock of a strong relationship. Flexibility and compromise enable family members to navigate challenges and differences effectively.

Children thrive in an environment characterized by love, discipline, and guidance. Parental involvement and support are crucial for their physical, emotional, and intellectual well-being. Families provide a sense of belonging and identity, shaping individuals’ values, beliefs, and behaviors.

Despite inevitable conflicts and obstacles, strong marriages and families weather storms together, emerging resilient and united. They celebrate joys, share burdens, and create lasting memories, enriching the fabric of society with their love and interconnectedness.

 

Consider the following assertion: “In the traditional American nuclear family of today, once the couple has one or more children, the wife should not be employed outside the home. Rather, she should devote the majority of her time to child-rearing activities and “being there” for the children. This is the best environment for the development of healthy children in all senses of the word – physically, mentally, spiritually, and socially.”

 

Alternatively, one could assert something such as this: “In the contemporary American family, it often takes more than one income to provide for the family’s needs. Thus both parents may need or wish to work outside the home. There is little or no evidence to suggest that children who are cared for by qualified, attentive, and nurturing adults in a setting outside the home (e.g., a licensed daycare facility, a friend or a neighbor’s family home, an after-school program) grow up to be somehow disadvantaged or damaged emotionally, mentally, physically, or spiritually.”

 

Choose one of these two perspectives and write an essay of 750-1,000 words that summarizes the research evidence against that perspective. (Thus if you choose the first assertion above, you will look for evidence that this assertion is not accurate.) You may use the Marriage & Family: the Search for Intimacy text (Chapter 11) and the sources cited in the text, but you also need to use at least three scholarly sources to support your argument.

 

 
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Critical Thinking Essay

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Critical Thinking Essay

(Critical Thinking Essay)

When faced with a problem, what do you do to solve it? This assignment asks you to apply a six-step to problem solving process to a specific problem scenario. You will write a paper that presents a synthesis of your ideas about solving the problem using this systematic approach. As Voltaire said, “No problem can withstand the assault of sustained thinking.”

Scenario 1: You have worked at your company for eleven (11) years. You have returned to college to earn a Bachelor’s degree in order to increase your chances for a promotion. You are nearly finished with your degree, when a supervisor’s position in a competing company becomes available in another state. The start date is in two (2) weeks, during your final exam period for your courses. The position offers a $15,000 per year salary increase, a car allowance, and relocation expenses. Your former supervisor works for the company and is recommending you for the position based on your outstanding job performance; if you want the job, it’s yours. All of the other supervisors at this level in the company have Master’s degrees, so you know that you would be expected to earn your Bachelor’s degree and continue on to a Master’s degree. Your present company offers tuition reimbursement, but the new company does not.

 

Write a four to five (4-5) page paper in which you:
1. Define the problem in the scenario that you have chosen.
2. Analyze the problem in the scenario.
3. Generate options for solving the problem in the scenario.
4. Evaluate the options for solving the problem.
5. Decide on the best option for solving the problem.
6. Explain how you will implement the decision made and reflect on whether this option was the most effective.

The paper should follow guidelines for clear and organized writing:

  • Include an introductory paragraph and concluding paragraph.
  • Address main ideas in body paragraphs with a topic sentence and supporting sentences.
  • Adhere to standard rules of English grammar, punctuation, mechanics, and spelling.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

  • Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA Style format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
  • Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
 
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Nursing Healthcare Wk4 Project.

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Nursing Healthcare Wk4 Project.

(Nursing Healthcare Wk4 Project.)

Reaching out a Solution

This assignment is designed to assist you in developing a thoughtful process for advocating about an issue as a nurse, from identifying a problem that needs to be solved through articulating a process for doing so.

This assignment consists of answering each of the questions listed below from the “Political Analysis and Strategies” (see attached chapter/document)chapter of your course textbook. Write each question as a new topic area; then follow with a paragraph or two to answer the question. Be sure to use APA guidelines for writing style, spelling and grammar, and citation of sources, if any used. This project should be no longer than 4 pages.

Let us assume that you are a school nurse in a high school. At a recent school athletic event, a spectator suffered a cardiac arrest in the stands. A coach of the home team went into the high school to fetch the automatic emergency defibrillator (AED) only to find out that it was not readily available. In the meantime, an emergency squad arrived and resuscitated the spectator. On Monday morning, you learn of the absence of the AED only to find out that it had been locked in the custodian’s closet. Reflect on the following questions outlined in the “Political Analysis and Strategies” chapter:

· What is the issue?

· Is it my issue, and can I solve it?

· Is this the real issue or merely a symptom of a larger one?

· Does it need an immediate solution, or can it wait?

· Is it likely to go away by itself?

· Can I risk ignoring it?

· What are the possible solutions? Are there risks to these solutions?

· What steps would you need to take in order to solve the issue?

· Does anyone else at the school need to be involved in the solution?

· Where is the power leverage in the school to reach the preferred solution?

Reaching a solution requires the use of power vested in the nurse. Review Box 9-1 (Sources of Power) and determine which type(s) of power the school nurse has in this situation. State your reasons for your answer.

Submission Details:

· Submit your response in a 4-page Microsoft Word document.

· Cite sources in the APA format on a separate page.

 
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conducting a job search

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M2 Assignment 2: Conducting a Job Search

(conducting a job search)

Question description

An undergraduate psychology degree provides you with some flexibility when selecting a career. The knowledge of how people think, develop, and behave, as well as the interpersonal skills gained from a BA in psychology may lead to work in the field, but also prepares you well for careers in the fields of public service, marketing, or management, among others. Because most professional careers in psychology require further education, those who do not wish to pursue graduate degrees may need to broaden the scope of careers they are willing to consider.

In M1 Assignment 2, you explored your career interests and identified three careers that seemed best suited for you. In this assignment, you will conduct a mock job search and report your findings using the “Job Search Data Bank” form.

Mock Job Search

Select one of the three careers you identified and discussed in M1 Assignment 2 and conduct a job search for actual openings in your area. If you are willing to eventually relocate, you may choose openings elsewhere as well. You may choose to use at least one source or all of the following sources to find available positions in your chosen career of interest:

  • Local newspaper ads (online or printed editions)
  • Networking websites such as LinkedIn
  • Networking with colleagues, peers, or other contacts
  • Your state employment office
  • Listings on professional organizations’ websites

Refer to the Job Resources document to find additional online sources relating to online job searches.

Job Search Data Bank

Download and review a copy of the Job Search Data Bank template. Provide the results of the mock job search you completed for this assignment by filling out the table in the template.

  • Begin by summarizing your career interests. Briefly describe what you concluded from Module 1 about the types of positions best suited to your career interests. For example, if you are most interested in a career as a psychologist, would you prefer to pursue a position in a clinic, a private practice, or a nonprofit organization? Would you prefer to specialize in working with children? Do you hope to have a research or teaching position instead?
  • List at least four positions you found during your job search. These four positions should match the interests you identified in Module 1.
    • Describe each position fully, providing as much of the available information as possible from the ads. Copy the ads and paste them into the table.
  • For each identified job opening, indicate the likelihood of your being eligible for the position upon graduating from college with a bachelor’s degree.
    • If you would be ineligible, specify what additional training or education you would require to qualify for the position.
    • Indicate whether you are willing to pursue that additional training or education.
    • Describe the amount of time, the cost, and other resources you think you would need to invest to become qualified.
  • Put the information in your own words. Place quotation marks around the portions you have quoted from the ads. Cite your sources using APA style in-text citations and a reference list in APA style below your table in the “Job Search Data Bank” template provided.

Submission Details:(conducting a job search)

  • Use the following file-naming convention: M2_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
  • By the due date assigned, deliver your assignment to the Submissions Area.
  • All written assignments and responses should follow APA rules for attributing sources. Use this APA Citation Helper as a convenient reference for properly citing resources.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria Maximum Points
Clearly summarized career interests. 16
Identified at least four relevant jobs and documented their aspects in detail, displaying analysis of career interests. Provided at least one source. 12
Explained the likelihood of getting a job on the basis of the bachelor’s degree. Provided at least one source. 16
Listed and described additional training or other educational resources required for qualification, quoting information from ads that identified the requirements correctly. Provided at least one source. 24
Listed and described other resources, including the time and the cost, required for additional training. Provided at least one source. 12
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation. 20
Total: 100
 
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Diagnostic Approach & Management

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Chronic Cough in Elderly: Diagnostic Approach & Management

(Diagnostic Approach & Management)

No Plegarism please, assignment will be checked with Turnitin. 

Will need minimum of 1 to 1 and 1/2 full content pages, plus title, and reference page APA Style, double spaced, times new romans, font 12, and and 3 references with intext citations. References within 3 years (2016-2018). 

 

Location: XYZ Family Practice

You are an NP student in this practice. Your next patient is the following:

“I had to come in today because I have been coughing for a long time”

Amanda Smith (69 year old, black female) is a retired postal worker. During the visit, she is coughing continually. She states the cough started 5 days ago intermittently but 2 days ago it became constant. Her chart indicates that she has been a patient of the practice for 5 years, gets care regularly and her HTN has been controlled for 4 years.

Social History

Married – 2 adult children A & W

Non-Smoker now. Smoke 1 pack a day for 15 years. Quit x5 years ago

No alcohol or drug use

Baptist, attends church regularly and is a member of the choir

Family History

Mother – Deceased at age 27 from traumatic accident

Father – Deceased age 78 related to renal failure secondary to diabetes type II

Siblings – one brother age 61 A & W

Medical/Surgical/Health Maintenance Hx

Measles, mumps and chicken pox as a child.

Tetanus/Diptheria/Pertussis – Last dose 2 years ago

Influenza – Last dose 9 months ago

Pneumococcal vaccine at age 65

Zostivax at age 60

Chronic diagnoses – HTN x 5 years

Takes HCTZ 25 mg daily

ROS(Diagnostic Approach & Management)

General

Usual weight has been maintained

Fever for 5 days up to 101

Skin

Dry skin, uses emollient frequently

HEENT

Wears reading glasses

Dentition fair. Partial upper denture

Neck

No swelling or stiffness

Chest

Substernal pain on cough

Respiratory(Diagnostic Approach & Management)

Began coughing 4 days ago. Started mild, intermittent and non-productive. Two days ago became constant and productive of frothy sputum. Keeps her awake at night. No relief with OTC cough syrup. She states she is short of breath today.

CV

No CP at rest or when not coughing

PV

Some swelling of feet and ankles at end of day, relieved by elevating feet

GI

Decreased appetite for one week

No change in bowel habits

GU

No frequency, hesitancy, nocturia or change in bladder habits

Genitalia

No changes

MS
Stiffness in hands and legs on awakening. Relieved with activity

Psych(Diagnostic Approach & Management)

No depression, anxiety, or memory change

Neurologic

No numbness, weakness, headache, change in mentation, or paralysis

Hematologic

No past anemia

Endocrine

No change in weight, thirst, heat/cold intolerance.

Your physical exam reveals:

Temp 101.4, Resp 30 labored, no retractions, BP 135/92, HR 110, Pulse Ox 90 Wt 130 lbs

General appearance – Alert in all spheres, in mild respiratory distress, able to answer questions with short sentences, tripod breathing

HEENT –

Eyes ,ear, nose, head wnl

Mouth -mucosa dry

Pharynx – tonsils present not enlarged, normal pink color

Lymph – no enlargement

Skin – Dry and scaly legs and arms. Tenting of skin noted

Heart- regular rhythm at 110 bpm, no murmurs or extra sounds

Lungs – normal breath sound without crackles, bronchophony or egophony

Abdomen – no mass, tenderness, rigidity

Extremities – Hands – no swelling, Feet/legs – +1 edema feet to ankle level

Pedal pulses – wnl

Differential diagnoses:(Diagnostic Approach & Management)

  • CAP
  • Acute bronchitis
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Influenza

Plan – transfer to acute care setting for further work-up

Assignment Details:

The “Elevator Consult”

In this activity, you will practice giving a synopsis of your patient to your preceptor. In practice, you may often give this type of report if you are sending a patient for a consultation and your phone the specialist to discuss the patient. This report should be concise and clear. The receiver should, within one minute (slightly less for simple cases, slightly more for complex cases) have a picture of the patient in his/her head. You will report on ONLY items pertaining to the acute problem in this case. Do not include extraneous material or material not directly impacting the decision-making regarding this problem. Remember, this is a FOCUSED visit and assessment to evaluate a focused concern. The history and physical exam applies techniques relevant to the specific complaint for the patient at that visit. Your report should be similarly focused, providing only information that relates specifically to the presenting problem.

 
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Drug Use & Abuse

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Drug Use & Abuse

(Drug Use & Abuse)

Hi dear,

can help me to finish this assignment with good quality and be on time please?

follow the instruction blow. there are attachments of example and sources of information. the example is very clear. Also, base on the outline that is attached finish the essay.

 

Point-Counterpoint Essay Assignment – (Drug Use & Abuse)

Use the outline you wrote last week to write your final essay this week.

 

Drug issues are seldom black or white, right or wrong. Some of the most hotly debated questions of our day concern the use, misuse, and abuse of drugs. These issues deserve a good deal of critical thought.

Use the outline you created last week (see separate instruction document for the outline) to construct a 3-5 page point/counterpoint (persuasive) essay using the arguments and sources you already researched. In the essay, you will present opposing points of view on the issue you already chose from the approved list. You should present both sides in a fair way by discussing them objectively and in equal detail.

PLEASE READ THE GRADING RUBRIC FOR THIS ASSIGNMENT BEFORE YOU BEGIN. COMPARE YOUR ESSAY TO THE GRADING RUBRIC BECAUSE THAT IS WHAT WILL BE USED TO GRADE YOUR ESSAY.

Essay Structure

PLEASE READ THE SAMPLE ESSAY FOR THIS ASSIGNMENT BEFORE YOU BEGIN WRITING. COMPARE YOUR ESSAY TO THE SAMPLE ESSAY BEFORE YOU SUBMIT IT.

A good essay will include the following:

· A title that clearly states the issue as a question. Take your title from the list of approved topics and just copy what it says there word for word.

· An interesting introductory paragraph that clearly introduces both sides of the argument and draws the reader in. It does not contain your opinion (do not say “I think, I believe, in my opinion”).

· The first section contains 3 strong arguments FOR the issue (the point). ***Each of the 3 arguments must cite a source.

· The second section contains 3 strong arguments AGAINST the issue (counterpoint). ***Each of the 3 arguments must cite a source.

· A closing paragraph in which you summarize both sides of the issue and then state your opinion on the issue.

Writing Style and Format(Drug Use & Abuse)

· Write clearly and concisely. Use as few words as possible to make your arguments. Make your essay easy to read by eliminating extra unnecessary words, phrases and sentences. Get straight to the point.

· Do not try to sound formal. Write as if you were talking – very simply and easily.

· You are encouraged to submit your essay to the National University Writing Center for their expert guidance BEFORE you submit your final essay. You can learn a lot from a half hour session with them and it will improve your grade.

· Check your work. Use spell check and then carefully proofread your essay at least once to catch spelling, punctuation and grammatical mistakes. Read your essay out loud to catch any missing words, extra words and awkward-sounding sentences. Show your essay to someone else to see if they understand what you are trying to say. Take pride in your work and strive to be mistake-free.

· Do NOT use any quotations. Instead, paraphrase (write in your own words) the ideas or information and cite the source.

· Type in Times New Roman, Size 12 font, double-spaced, 1-inch margins all around.

References

Use at least 4 total sources for your arguments. Each of the 2 arguments for and the 2 arguments against against must have at least one source.

At least 2 of the sources must support your point (for). They must come from peer-reviewed journal articles, government reports or textbooks.

At least 2 of the sources must support your counterpoint argument (against). They must come from peer-reviewed journal articles, government reports or textbooks.

Information from the course textbook is allowed, but does not count as one of your four required sources above. Other additional sources are allowed, but they also do not count toward your four required sources. Sources must be recent (published within the past 5-10 years).

You can use the National University Library database to search for sources.

URL: http://library.nu.edu

Contact the Library – RefDesk@nu.edu or (858) 541-7900

1-866-NU ACCESS x 7900 (toll free)

This class also has a special NU library page that was created to help you do research http://nu.libguides.com/coh318

***To find the pro and con of substance abuse issues, click on:

Ø Public Health Advocacy

Ø Federal

Ø CQ Press Library (SAGE)

Ø CQ Researcher Plus Archive

Ø Browse Topics

Ø Health

Ø Substance Abuse

Select one of the titles

Click Pro/Con on the left side to view the arguments for and against.

Use APA 6th edition format for your References list.

NOTE: If you are new to APA, you can use an online citation builder such as http://www.citationmachine.net/apa to ensure your references are in the correct format.

APA Resources(Drug Use & Abuse)

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/06/ 1-page instruction on Reference List format

· http://nu.libguides.com/ld.php?content_id=8766101 2-page handout on APA

· www.apastyle.com

· http://apastylecentral.apa.org.nuls.idm.oclc.org/learn/browse/QG-29

· http://library.nu.edu/assets/resources/pageResources/APA.pdf

· http://library.nu.edu/FindResources/ReferenceTools/citations.html

 
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