Causes and Responses to Crises

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Causes and Responses to Crises

(Causes and Responses to Crises)

Read Americanyawp.com [http://www.americanyawp.com/text/]

–The Great Depression

Read The American Yawp, chapter 23,sections I-concnlusion

1. What were the major causes of the Great Depression (do not include the Stock Market crash in your answer

2. What was the “Bonus Army” and in what way did Hoover’s reaction lead to his defeat in the 1932 presidential election?

1. What were the primary goals of the first hundred days of the New Deal?

2. In what ways did the New Deal hope to aid the South? (you will need to read sections VIII and IX to answer this question)

3.What was the primary focus of the Second New Deal?

4. In what ways did issues of race and gender limit New Deal policies?

–WWII

Read AmericanYawp chapter 24 sections I-VI

1. What national needs led Japan to engage in hostilities in Asia, and ultimately against America?

2.What lessons learned from WWI led Germany to utilize the Blitzkrieg, or lightning war, strategy?

Please write each question using simple English a paragraph with specific details.

Causes and Responses to Crises

The Great Depression

1. Major Causes of the Great Depression (Excluding the Stock Market Crash)
The Great Depression stemmed from deep-rooted economic issues in the 1920s. One major cause was the overproduction of goods in industries like agriculture and manufacturing, which led to a surplus that couldn’t be sold, causing prices to drop and businesses to cut jobs. Another cause was the unequal distribution of wealth; while some Americans prospered, the majority earned low wages, limiting their purchasing power. Additionally, banks engaged in risky lending practices, leading to widespread loan defaults. Finally, international economic struggles, including war debts and high tariffs like the Smoot-Hawley Tariff, worsened global trade and financial instability.

2. The “Bonus Army” and Hoover’s Reaction
The Bonus Army was a group of World War I veterans who marched on Washington, D.C., in 1932 to demand early payment of a promised bonus scheduled for 1945. Many veterans were unemployed and struggling due to the Depression. President Hoover responded by ordering the military to disperse the protesters, using tear gas and tanks, which injured veterans and their families. This harsh response made Hoover seem uncaring and contributed to his unpopularity, leading to his overwhelming defeat by Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1932 presidential election.

3. Primary Goals of the “First Hundred Days” of the New Deal
The primary goals of the first hundred days of the New Deal were to provide relief for the unemployed, stimulate economic recovery, and reform the financial system to prevent future crises. Programs like the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) created jobs, while measures such as the Emergency Banking Act stabilized banks. Agencies like the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) aimed to help farmers, and the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) supported industrial recovery through fair labor practices.

4. How the New Deal Aided the South
The New Deal focused on modernizing the South, which was one of the poorest regions in the country. The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) built dams to control flooding and provide electricity, boosting rural economies. Programs like the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) aimed to stabilize crop prices and help farmers. Public works projects improved infrastructure, including roads and schools, helping the South recover and develop.

5. Primary Focus of the Second New Deal
The Second New Deal focused on providing long-term social and economic security. It created programs like the Social Security Act, which provided pensions for the elderly and unemployment insurance. The Works Progress Administration (WPA) offered jobs in public works and the arts. These measures aimed to reduce poverty and inequality, addressing the structural problems of the economy.

6. Race and Gender Limits in New Deal Policies
New Deal policies often excluded or marginalized women and racial minorities. For example, many New Deal job programs prioritized men as breadwinners, leaving women with fewer opportunities. African Americans were often excluded from programs like the Social Security Act due to discriminatory practices, and the sharecropping system left many Black farmers without aid from agricultural reforms. These limitations highlighted the inequalities of the era.

WWII

1. Japan’s Needs and Hostilities
Japan engaged in hostilities in Asia because it lacked natural resources like oil, coal, and iron needed for industrial growth and military expansion. To secure these resources, Japan invaded regions like Manchuria and later China. When the U.S. imposed economic sanctions, cutting off oil supplies, Japan saw attacking America, including the bombing of Pearl Harbor, as a way to neutralize U.S. interference in their expansion plans.

2. Germany’s Blitzkrieg Strategy
Germany’s experience in World War I taught it that prolonged trench warfare led to massive losses and stalemates. To avoid this, Germany adopted the Blitzkrieg, or lightning war, strategy during World War II. This method relied on fast-moving tanks, aircraft, and infantry to overwhelm enemies before they could organize a strong defense. The strategy was effective in quickly conquering countries like Poland and France, demonstrating lessons learned from WWI’s slow battles.

 
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homework 4 4

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  1. (2.5 points) Explain three types of pull systems. Illustrate your answer with appropriate examples.
  2. (2.5 points) Explain the concept of “zone control.”
 
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discussion questions 1 2 1

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Discussion Question 1 – THIS ONE IS DUE TODAY!

What would you do if you were providing a psychological test to a counseling client and an issue arose in which your personal ethics were in conflict with the established state and/or federal laws and/or codes of ethics? Provide an example to support your response.

Discussions Question 2 – THIS ONE IS DUE MONDAY

What serious ethical violation could occur if a counselor administered a psychological test incorrectly or without considering multicultural factors? Identify the ACA Code of Ethics statements that apply in this scenario.

 
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group policy in an organization and group policy

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Discuss some of the benefits and disadvantages of using group policy in an organization.

Pick on of the policy that is available in Windows 2012 Server and explain it. Why do you think this policy is an important one to implement in an organization? What are the negative consequences for not setting this up properly?

 
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discussion 4 27

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https://online.stratford.edu/mod/forum/view.php?id…

Identify the skills of the leader that are key in leading a team to move a company toward a social entrepreneurial model.

  1. Investigate Hot Bread Kitchen
    1. Find Hot Bread Kitchen on the Internet (http://hotbreadkitchen.org/)
    2. What is their mission and vision?
    3. Who leads Hot Bread Kitchen and what was the motivation to start the company?
    4. What impact does Hot Bread Kitchen hope to have on stakeholders?
    5. Analyze their leadership style and qualities of Jessamyn W. Rodriguez, Founder and Chief Executive Officer
    6. What other leaders in the company hold the vision and support the social entrepreneurial model?

2. Discuss:

    1. Where would you start in developing a team to move your company into a social entrepreneurial focus?
    2. Who would you want on your team?
    3. How would get engagement from others in the company in seeing and embracing the vision?
    4. What particular leadership skills would enhance success of the move
    5. What challenges do you anticipate
    6. What methods would you use to address the challenges
 
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abnormal psychology paper two page apa format

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Hello,

Please follow all the guidelines below and use the article that I have included as an attachment. Thank you!

Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to expose you to current research in psychopathology so that you can see how concepts in class are discussed and applied by modern researchers.

You will use the following skills to complete this assignment:

  • 1)Find recent empirical research.
  • 2)Write clear and brief short answers to a question.
  • 3)Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of a published empirical article.
  • 4)Identify how the findings apply to topics discussed in class.

You will use the following knowledge to complete this assignment:

  • 1)Understanding of a specific disorder or difficulty.
  • 2)Research methods and statistics

Task:

These are the instructions for the discussion items for weeks 2, 3, and 4. You only need to complete this assignment TWO times (e.g., weeks 2 & 4).

  • 1)Access one of the following journals via the library:
    1. Journal of Abnormal Psychology
    2. Behavior Therapy
    3. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
    4. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology
  • 2)Find an article published between 2014 and 2018 that is related to one of the topics discussed in class this week.
  • 3)Read the article.
  • 4)Write a 2 page paper that provides a brief summary of the article in your OWN words (watch out for plagiarism).
    1. Page 1
      • i.Methodology
      • ii.Results
      • iii.Main Conclusion
    2. Page 2
      • i.Your general opinion of the quality of the article
      • ii.A critique of the article’s methodology (including major flaws or drawbacks)
      • iii.A future study you would conduct in this area based on the findings in the article (i.e., what would be the next logical step in research-based on the article’s findings).

Criteria:

You will be successful in this activity if you can: (a) write a succinct, thoughtful summary of the article that you read, (b) write clearly so that I can understand how you are thinking about this topic, (c) demonstrate your ability to evaluate the quality of a published empirical article, and (e) write a response of high quality (e.g., APA-style, proper grammar, spelling, etc.). Please note, I am evaluating your ability to creatively apply these concepts and then explain your thinking.

The paper should be approximately 2 double-spaced pages long in 11 or 12 point, Times New Roman or Calibri font, and 1 inch margins. The following file types are acceptable: .rtf, .doc, .docx, .odt

 
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humanities discussion 3

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Discussion Board 2: Greek Tragedy

After reading the scene from Sophocles’ Antigone and the material on Aristotle’s The poetics, answer the following questions:

1. What are the three main criteria for what Aristotle says makes a “tragic figure,” or “tragic hero” in drama?

Both Creon and Antigone are both victims of great tragedy. Who is the “tragic figure” in this play: Antigone or Creon? If you do a quick google search, many sources will tell you that Creon is the tragic hero. But is there a case for Antigone?

2. What examples from the play prove that Antigone also arguably meets the criteria of a tragic Hero?

 
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cj 560 1 2 short paper civil law and criminal law

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CJ 560 1-2 Short Paper: Civil Law and Criminal Law

This paper will allow you to examine the differences between civil law and criminal law, as well as the state and federal court systems.

Compare and contrast the differences between civil and criminal law as it pertains to the United States. Additionally, compare the structure of the state and federal court systems.

Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:

I.

CJ 560 1-2 Short Paper: Civil Law and Criminal Law

This paper will allow you to examine the differences between civil law and criminal law, as well as the state and federal court systems.

Compare and contrast the differences between civil and criminal law as it pertains to the United States. Additionally, compare the structure of the state and federal court systems.

Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:

Civil and Criminal Law: Compare and contrast the differences between civil and criminal law as it pertains to the United States.

II. Structure: Compare the structure of the state and federal court systems.

Guide lines for Submission: Your paper must be submitted as a 2-to3-page Microsoft Word document with double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, one-inch margins, and at least two sources cited in APA format.

 
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Transparency Shapes Employee Perceptions

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Transparency Shapes Employee Perceptions

(Transparency Shapes Employee Perceptions)

Given that an organization is reliant on employees to achieve its mission and objectives, there would appear to be value in organizational transparency. If employees perceive that leaders and managers are being transparent, their attitude toward work and overall efficiency will be better, even if they do not agree with the leaders and managers decisions. However, if employees perceive or discover that organizational leaders and managers have not been transparent, their efforts may reflect a less caring attitude. In such cases, there may not be any difference between employee perception and fact.

Consider the aforementioned aspects, and using the University online library resources, research the importance of employee attitudes and perception.

Then, respond to the following:

  • How important are employee attitudes and emotions as well as transparency in shaping organizational behavior?
  • Elaborate on how employee perceptions shape organizational behavior. Are perceptions and reality always the same?

By the due date assigned, post your response to the appropriate Discussion Area. Through the end of the module, review and comment on at least two peers’ responses.

Write your initial response in 300-500 words. Your response should be thorough and address all components of the discussion question in detail, include citations of all sources, where needed, according to the APA Style, and demonstrate accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation

The Role of Transparency in Shaping Employee Perceptions and Organizational Behavior

Organizational transparency is a cornerstone of trust, accountability, and employee engagement. When leaders are transparent, employees are more likely to feel valued and respected, which positively impacts their attitudes and emotions. Employee attitudes—encompassing their feelings, beliefs, and values about their work—play a critical role in shaping organizational behavior. These attitudes influence how employees interact with each other, approach tasks, and perceive the organization’s goals and culture.

Transparency serves as a catalyst for positive employee perceptions. Employees who perceive their leaders as transparent are more likely to trust organizational decisions, even if they disagree with them. For example, sharing the rationale behind a major restructuring or a budget cut can mitigate feelings of uncertainty or resentment among employees. By contrast, a lack of transparency can lead to mistrust, reduced morale, and disengagement. Research shows that transparency correlates with higher job satisfaction and lower turnover rates (Kerns, 2018). It also encourages open communication and collaboration, both of which are crucial for achieving organizational objectives.

Employee perceptions are powerful drivers of organizational behavior. If employees believe that they are part of an ethical, inclusive, and transparent organization, they are more likely to adopt behaviors that align with these values. This includes increased commitment, cooperation, and innovation. Conversely, negative perceptions, such as a belief that the organization is withholding information or being unfair, can lead to counterproductive work behavior, including apathy, absenteeism, or even sabotage.

Perception and reality, however, are not always the same. Perception is shaped by personal experiences, biases, and available information. For instance, an employee might perceive favoritism in the promotion process, even if the organization follows a merit-based policy. In such cases, it becomes essential for leaders to address the gap between perception and reality through clear communication and consistent actions. Transparency minimizes misunderstandings by aligning employee perceptions more closely with organizational reality.

In conclusion, transparency and positive employee attitudes are pivotal to fostering a healthy organizational culture. Leaders must prioritize transparent communication to ensure employees feel informed and valued, which, in turn, enhances organizational behavior. As employees are the backbone of any organization, aligning their perceptions with reality through transparent practices is not just beneficial—it is indispensable for long-term success.

References

Kerns, C. D. (2018). Building Trust in the Workplace: Strategies for Effective Leadership and Organizational Success. Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict, 22(2), 1-14.

 
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Plea Bargaining: Purpose & Critique

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Plea Bargaining: Purpose & Critique

(Plea Bargaining: Purpose & Critique)

answer the discussion question with a minimum of 150 words. Please use apa format for works cited. Then respond to student a and b response to the question with a minimum of 50 words.

question: at purpose does plea bargaining serve for the defense? For the prosecution? Given the criticism leveled against plea bargaining, do you believe that it is an acceptable practice?

STUDENT A: Plea Bargaining is useful to both the defendant and the prosecution. Firstly, according to Frank Schmalleger’s Criminal Justice Today, An Introductory Text for the 21st Century (pg. 322) a plea bargaining is “the process of negotiating an agreement among the defendant, the prosecutor, and the court as to an appropriate sentence. . . reduces the time required for the resolution of a criminal case.” This practice allows the necessary time that it typically takes for a court case to conclude and reduces it significantly. Allowing another case to be heard and does not waste both the jury’s and the judge’s time with a case that can be easily concluded. Since, the majority of those convicted of a crime that receives a plea bargain either has, poor evidence or there is a lot of evidence stacked against them. Not to mention this allows those who are convicted to have a shorter sentence. Regardless of the criticism of plea bargaining, I still think that the practice should be still used since it saves time for everyone in the courtroom. What do you think?

STUDENT B: A plea bargaining is an arrangement between a prosecutor and defense in which the suspect pleads guilty to a lesser sentence. The plea bargain is a quicker process for the courts and allow both the prosecutor and defense from going to trial. The purpose of a plea bargain for the defense is so that they could receive a lighter sentence instead of going to trial and getting the maximum sentence. It sometimes reduces the charges, so that instead of them getting charged with rape they will get charged with assault instead. Like I stated earlier it is a quicker process so the defendant doesn’t have to keep waiting and they can go one with their lives. For Prosecutors plea bargaining saves them the time and money that they will need in order to prepare for trial. I think plea bargaining is a great system for those who are guilty and want to save time and also get a lighter sentence. A trial cost money so a plea bargain helps saves a lot of money for the prosecutor, defender, and the courts. Yes it can be bad for someone who is not guilty and might take it so that they don’t have to waste their money and take their chances going to court. If the defendant is really guilty i think this would be their best chance of getting a lighter sentence.

 
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