Safety Unit 1

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Question 1

 

Employees covered by the OSHAct have particular rights in addition to protection by OSHA standards. Of the following, which is NOT an employee right under the Act?

    The right to inspect certain records and citations
    The right to protection from discrimination for filing a complaint against his/her employer
    The right to determine the appropriate and applicable standards for his or her workplace
    The right to participate in OSHA inspections

 

Question 2

 

Records provided for in 29 CFR 1904 shall be retained in each establishment for ____.

    three years following the end of the year to which they relate
    five years following the end of the year to which they relate
    the duration of employment of the employee involved plus 35 years
    no specified time; records for previous years do not have to be maintained.

 

Question 3

 

A State plan may cover any occupational safety and health issue in which a __________ has been promulgated under Section 6 of the Act.

    State plan
    Federal standard
    County inspection
    State outline

 

Question 4

 

OSHA requires recordkeeping of occupational injuries and illnesses by employers. OSHA specifies that employers use OSHA Form 300 or equivalent forms. What does the OSHA 300/300A do?

    Records and summarizes injuries and illnesses
    Records compliance with applicable standards for a company
    Records the accident and lost workday incidence rates
    Records training and medical monitoring results

 

Question 5

 

An OSHA inspection begins when the OSHA compliance officer __________.

    leaves the area office en route to the establishment that is to be inspected
    arrives at the establishment to be inspected and shows the employer a search warrant
    arrives at the establishment to be inspected and displays official credentials
    receives a complaint from a concerned citizen or worker, then seeks and receives a search warrant from a Federal Judge

 

Question 6

 

Accidents or fatalities and catastrophes resulting in hospitalization of three or more employees must be reported to OSHA by the employer within __________ hours.

    three
    48
    12
    eight

 

Question 7

 

Based on a 1978 Supreme Court ruling (__________vs __________), OSHA may not conduct warrantless inspections without an employer’s consent. It may however, inspect after acquiring a judicially authorized search warrant based upon administrative probable cause or upon evidence of a violation.

    Jones vs. Johnson
    Marshall vs. Barlow’s Inc.
    Smith vs. Adrlow’s Inc.
    Johnson & Johnson vs. Smith

 

Question 8

 

Inspections are conducted without advance notice. There are, however, special circumstances under which OSHA may indeed give notice to the employer but, even then, such a notice will be less than 24 hours. These special circumstances include:

    imminent danger situations that require correction as soon as possible.
    cases where notice is required to ensure that the employer and employee representative or other personnel will be present.
    situations in which the OSHA Area Director determines that advance notice would produce a more thorough or effective inspection.
    All of the above

 

Question 9

 

Obviously, not all seven million workplaces covered by the Act can be inspected immediately. The worst situations need attention first. Therefore, OSHA has established a system of inspection priorities. Which of the following has top inspection priority?

    Catastrophes and fatal accidents
    Imminent danger
    Employee complaints
    Governor’s complaint

 

Question 10

 

The Williams-Steiger Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 states that __________.

    a release of hazardous material must be reported
    employees will not be discriminated against
    employers provide a 40-hour workweek
    employers provide a safe work environment

 

Question 11

 

Describe the relationship between OSHA, NIOSH, and the Occupational Safety & Health Review Commission as specified in the Act.

Your response must be at least 200 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.

 

Question 12

 

How do you think that the requirements of the Recordkeeping Standard might be helpful for organizations in keeping their occupational injuries and illnesses in check?

Your response must be at least 200 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.

 
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Environmental Science

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2.Reflect on the causes for the transitions in U.S. history from one type of environmental policy to another.  Now peer into the future, and think about how life might be different in 25, 50, or 100 years.  What would you speculate about the environmental policy of the future?  What issues might it address?  Do you predict we will have more or less environmental policy?

3. Do you think that all of today’s developing nations will complete the demographic transition and come to enjoy a permanent state of low birth and death rates?  Why or why not?  What steps might we as a global society take to help ensure that they do?  Now think about developed nations such as the United States and Canada.  Do you think these nations will continue to lower and stabilize their birth and death rates in a state of prosperity?  What factors might affect whether they do so?

 

4. People in developed nations are fond of warning people in developing nations to stop destroying rainforest.  People of developing nations often respond that this is hypocritical, because the developed nations became wealthy by deforesting their land and exploiting its resources in the past.  What would you say to the president of a developing nation, such as Indonesia, in which a great deal of forest is being cleared?

 

5. Describe some environmental health hazards that you think you may be living with indoors.  How do you think you may have been affected by indoor or outdoor hazards in the past?  How could you best deal with these hazards in the future?

6. Describe how and why emissions of major pollutants have been reduced by over 50% in the United States since 1970, despite increases in population, energy use, and economic activity.

7. What impacts might you expect on your lifestyle once our society arrives at peak oil?  What lessons do you think we can take from the conservation methods adopted by the United States in response to the “energy crisis” of 1973-1974?  What steps do you think we should take to avoid energy shortages in a post-peak-oil future?

8. How much waste do you generate?  Look into your waste bin at the end of the day, and categorize and measure the waste there.  List all other waste you may have generated in other places throughout the day.  How much of this waste could you have avoided generating??  How much could have been reused or recycled?

 
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MBA 6301 Unit 6 DB

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Course Textbook APA Citation:

Stanwick, P. A., & Stanwick, S. D. (2014). Understanding business ethics (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

 

Discussion Board

Read Case 24 on WorldCom, pages 429-443 and address one of the following questions. Respond with your own thoughts to a post by another student.

1.         Why do you suppose Bernard Ebbers was treated more like the leader of a cult than as a CEO? Explain.

2.         Evaluate the recommendations in the Breeden report. Will these accomplish the objectives they are supposed to achieve?

3.         Do you view Cynthia Cooper as an ethics exemplar in the case? Explain.

4.         Arthur Anderson auditors would not speak with Cynthia Cooper, saying they reported only to Sullivan. Is it correct to say that a public company’s auditors should speak only with one person in the organization? Explain.

 

 
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Advanced Solid Waste Management

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Instructions:   This assignment will allow you to understand the volume of non-hazardous waste that is generated by small businesses and residential homes. A portion will go to the landfill, and a portion will go into recycling programs for reuse or for repurposing. Being able to calculate these are is important for estimating the size of facilities handling this wastes and of the equipment and personnel required to collect and transport these wastes from point of generation to final disposition.

Answer the questions directly on this document. When you are finished, select “Save As,” and save the document using this format: Student ID_Unit# (ex. 1234567_UnitI). Upload this document to BlackBoard as a .doc, docx, or .rtf file. The specified word count is given for each question. At a minimum, you must use your textbook as a resource for these questions. Other sources may be used as needed. All material from outside sources (including your textbook) must be cited and referenced in APA format. Please include a reference list after each question.

1) A front loader garbage truck of 40 cu. yd. collects municipal solid waste each week from dumpster bins of apartment complexes located throughout the city. The waste in the truck is compacted to 750 pounds/cu. yd. The uncompacted waste in the dumpster bin is 175 pounds / cu. yd. (For all parts of this question, be sure to show all of your work.)

a) How many full dumpster bins with a 3 cu. yd. capacity can be placed into the garbage truck?

b) If the apartment complex has a mandatory recycling program and each person places only 4 pounds/day of trash into the dumpster bin, how many people can the garbage truck serve before it is full?

c) If the apartment complex has a mandatory recycling program and each person places only 3.5 pounds/day of trash into the dumpster bin, how many more people can the garbage truck serve before it is full?

2) A municipal government has hired you to help them with its recycle program. Using the information in Table 2–-13 on page p. 65 of the textbook, propose three key areas where you would focus the municipal program and give your reasons for your proposals. In your answer, be sure to discuss how this program would affect the population of the municipality. (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 200 words.)

3) A mobile phone is comprised of 15.5% of copper, and nickel and silver comprise 2.5% as broken down on pg.p. 66, Fig, 2–-15. These three metals represent 83% of the potential toxicity that the components of the phone can exert on the environment. Describe how copper is toxic to the environment, and how this can affect the residents of an area. (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 200 words.)

4) Describe the elements of the Integrated Solid Waste Management program. Give a detailed discussion and explanation as to which element has the greatest potential to impact affect the success of the program. What science and engineering principles are involved in this program? (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 300 words.)

 
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Toxicology Homework 6

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These answers are found in Chapters 9 and 10\

 

 

Question 1

1.

Which air pollutant binds actively to hemoglobin, reducing the ability of blood to supply oxygen to the tissues?

Answer

    hydrogen sulfide
    nitrogen dioxide
    carbon monoxide
    carbon dioxide

4 points   

Question 2

1.

Ozone arises from a cyclic reaction between oxygen and _______.

Answer

    sulphur dioxide
    carbon dioxide
    hydrogen sulphide
    nitrogen dioxide

4 points   

Question 3

1.

Fertilizers, sewage and organic waste products in waste water may lead to abundant growth of _______.

Answer

    aquatic plants
    succulents
    tropical plants
    desert plants

4 points   

Question 4

1.

Methylmercury has a long half-life in the body, approximately ______days.

Answer

    150
    200
    70
    20

4 points   

Question 5

1.

Poisoning may occur through the intentional eating of fungi believed to contain ____.

Answer

    psychoactive substances
    combustible substances
    pennyroyal oil
    castor oil

4 points   

Question 6

1.

Throat cancer in the Japanese may be due to the ingestion of ________.

Answer

    pennyroyal
    mushrooms
    bracken
    puffer fish

4 points   

Question 7

1.

Which element causes a peripheral vascular disorder known as black-foot disease?

Answer

    iron
    sulfur
    zinc
    arsenic

4 points   

Question 8

1.

Which toxic substance found in snake venom sometimes causes intravascular hemolysis by direct action on the red blood cell membrane?

Answer

    saxitoxin
    inorganic sulfur
    sulfur oxides
    phospholipases

4 points   

Question 9

1.

What is that animal toxin that is found in the puffer fish?

Answer

    cantharidin
    formic acid
    amino acid
    tetrodotoxin

4 points   

Question 10

1.

Magnesium lost from soil due to acidification is believed to be an important factor in the __________.

Answer

    die back of trees
    powdery mildew of trees
    root-rot of trees
    leaf injury of trees

4 points   

Question 11

1.

Assume the responsibility of the director of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). List the most important actions for dealing with the problems of (a) air pollution and (b) water pollution. What other actions might you recommend to take other than the ones listed in the textbook? Justify your position.

Answer

 
 

 

20 points   

Question 12

1.

Discuss the role of ALAD in lead toxicology.

Answer

 

20 points   

Question 13

1.

What symptoms exist between the effects of exposure to mercury and arsenic? How could you distinguish the difference?

 
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Toxicology Total 1300 Words-Four Questions-APA Format 4 Questions Each Question 325 Words

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In text citations, at least two per question

QUESTION 1

Identify the three systems of the body in which toxicants can enter, give a brief description of how this may occur, and provide an example of a toxicant that can enter the body through each system.

QUESTION 2

A doctor can send hair samples from a newborn infant to be analyzed in the lab to see if the mother drank alcohol during the pregnancy. This is one test that can be performed to assist in diagnosing fetal alcohol syndrome. Recalling what you know about elimination of toxicants, briefly explain why this test can be used to determine exposure to alcohol.

Question 3

Explain the processes used by the body to eliminate a toxicant. Provide an example of a situation where one of these processes might be inhibited and how the inability to eliminate the toxicant might impact the individual.

Question 4

Identify the factors that can affect the distribution of a toxicant in the body. Explain how manipulation of these factors can increase toxicity.

 
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SCI 207

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Imagine that you are a resident of Ashfordton, a community whose characteristics are described below. You have come together with your neighbors for a special meeting to devise a plan for helping the community become carbon-neutral by 2050, meaning that by that time, no net carbon dioxide emissions will be produced by residents as a whole.

Fortunately, you have all showed up to the meeting with lots of knowledge you gained from last week’s class discussion. Now it is time to put your thinking cap on and get to work! Your plan should consist of the following elements:

· Energy conservation measures (e.g., promoting carpooling by adding special lanes to local highways) and

· Steps to move toward sustainable energy production (e.g., installing solar panels on town government buildings)

Reducing energy consumption will help, but some actions will have to involve switching to other power sources for buildings and vehicles as well.

This week’s discussion will take place in an online app called “Tricider.” There, you will be able to post your ideas for plan components, and also share pros and cons of different proposals during the week. Finally, you will be able to vote on what you think should be in the plan.

For directions on how to use the Tricider app, please review the linked Help Guide Preview the document View in a new window. In Tricider, you will be expected to do the following:

· Post at least two separate and unique ideas. Include your full name for each one.

· Post at least six different pros and cons for your classmates’ proposed ideas.

· Vote on what you feel are the top three ideas in the list. (Do not vote before Friday.)

Please note: You are welcome to post questions and comments to this board for this instructor; however, this discussion board does not have any posting requirements of its own, and no additional credit will be given for posts made here.

Below, the Instructor will post both

· The Ashfordton description you will be using for this activity and

· The link you will be using to access Tricider for the activities below.

Ashfordton:

 

Population: 850,000

 

Avg. High Temp (Dec): 67oF

 

Avg. High Temp (June): 90oF

 

Annual Precipitation: 50 in.

 

Urban Area: 116 sq. mi.

 

Main Power Source: natural gas

 

 

 

Overview:

 

The community of Ashfordton is located on the banks of the Bridgepoint River at an elevation close to sea level, in a flat landscape with pine forests and lakes. Not far from an ocean coast, the city is home to several military bases; its economy is also supported by business involved in banking, insurance, and healthcare. Winters are generally mild, while summers can be quite hot and humid.

 
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Industrial And Hazardous Waste Management

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MEE 5801, Industrial and Hazardous Waste Management 1

Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:

1. Assess the fundamental science and engineering principles applicable to the management and treatment of solid and hazardous wastes. 1.1 Discuss the techniques of coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation as they relate to an

engineered precipitation process for wastewater treatment. 1.2 Describe the decision making to either increase the pH or decrease the pH of the wastewater

treatment system in order to effectively precipitate heavy metals.

5. Evaluate operations and technologies related to industrial and hazardous wastes. 5.1 Discuss the aspects of a chemical flocculation process design that must be considered during

the engineering process. 5.2 Discuss the aspects of a secondary circular clarifier process design that must be

considered during the engineering process.

Reading Assignment Chapter 3: Chemical Treatment

Unit Lesson In this unit, we are going to learn about the technology available to us in Bahadori’s (2014) discussion on chemical treatment. As such, we are going to continue with our industrial and hazardous waste treatment system design by adding chemical treatment and disinfection processes into our system. The chemical treatment and biological treatment of the waste influents are often considered to be two of the most challenging aspects of the entire treatment system. This is due largely to the fact that chemistry and biology are statistically reliable to an average of about 95%. This means that the other five percent of the time the anticipated chemical and biological activity related to a reaction (chemical or enzymatic) may not work as forecasted. In fact, this is why it is common for us as scholar-practitioners of environmental engineering to conduct a chemical and biological hypothesis level of 95% (Trochim, 2001). We must remember that we are actually testing in research and design (R&D) activities with a statistical confidence, attempting to manipulate nature in order to effectively separate solids (metals and organic materials), gases (volatiles and semi- volatiles), synthetic liquids (organic and halogenated solvents), and water (Texas Water Utilities Association [TWUA], 1991). This is often very challenging. This is why we turn to technological solutions for many of these process options. Chemical treatment and biological treatment are causally related variables within the treatment system. In fact, both the chemical and biological treatment processes have the ability to causally affect the other in tandem (Haas & Vamos, 1995). Stated another way for clarity, the chemical treatment process often informs the biological treatment process. Additionally, the biological treatment process can also inform the chemical treatment process. For example, we may effectively reduce the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) during the chemical treatment process, but then experience still another BOD change in the process with the interruption of aerobic organisms’ enzymatic activities, such as the catalase enzyme described by Bahadori (2014). Consequently, it is very important for us as engineers to closely consider the chemical and biological treatment processes as dynamic processes, rather than static processes inherent during physical treatment (such as oil removal). Let’s start with the chemical treatment process.

UNIT III STUDY GUIDE

Chemical Treatment of Industrial and Hazardous Waste

 

 

 

MEE 5801, Industrial and Hazardous Waste Management 2

UNIT x STUDY GUIDE

Title

Bahadori (2014) describes the chemical treatment process in terms of subsystems (e.g., precipitation, coagulation, chemical oxidation and reduction). However, he does not order these subsystems in a way that is necessarily easy for us to understand in terms of industrial and hazardous waste treatment. Instead, let’s consider the following subsystems in this specific order of treatment techniques, with the correlating principles (Haas & Vamos, 1995; TWUA, 1991) tied to each subsystem within chemical treatment (Bahadori, 2014):

1. Neutralization (pp. 82-83, 93) a. pH (acid/alkaline) and ion exchange b. acid waste neutralization (NaOH, NaOCl) c. alkaline waste neutralization (H2SO4, HNO3)

2. Chemical oxidation and reduction (pp. 82-84) a. ion exchange (mineral softener unit, ion exchange column) b. cyanide reduction (alkaline chlorination, O3, or H2O2 treatment) c. activated carbon adsorption (liquid phase granular absorber) d. air and steam stripping (stripping column or distillation tower)

3. Precipitation (pp. 81-82, 87-94) a. coagulation (Ca(OH)2, Al2(SO4)3, FeCl3, in tandem with polyelectrolytes) b. flocculation (cationic polyacrylamide) c. secondary hydroxide precipitation (NaOH, Ca(OH)2)

4. Solidification and stabilization (pp. 84, 90-92) a. clarifying (secondary clarifier tank) b. sludge thickening (cationic polymers) c. sludge dewatering (filter or belt press)

5. Disinfection (pp. 94-98) a. chemical agent disinfection (chlorination) b. mechanical agent disinfection (filtration) c. biological agent disinfection (activated sludge and Unit IV techniques)

In order to facilitate the chemical reactions associated with neutralizing and reduction/oxidation (redox reactions) activities, it is common to use an inverted cone shaped vessel or Imhoff tank, named after Dr. Karl Imhoff (TWUA, 1991) in order to facilitate greater solids collections into the hopper-shaped bottom while using the gravimetric techniques of flocculating solids (sedimentation) from the liquid phased waste solution (Haas & Vamos, 1995). It is often in the Imhoff tank that one of the most critical aspects of the entire chemical treatment process can occur. This is the precipitation of heavy metals from the solution. Through the manipulation of the wastewater pH (neutralizing the pH from very low or very high values), the neutralization process actually initiates the redox reaction process. In turn, the redox reactions initiate the precipitation process and subsequently the solidification process. The heterogeneous equilibria of the solution becomes very important in this process, given that the equilibrium constant could be defined as the following (Haas & Vamos, 1995):

This means that we could actually then define the solubility of a heavy metal by estimating the activity of a hydroxide ion (OH), and subsequently determine the required equilibrium pH of the wastewater at which a select metal would precipitate (Haas & Vamos, 1995). It is by this method that we realize most heavy metals tend to precipitate within a higher pH wastewater matrix (TWUA, 1991).

 

 

 

MEE 5801, Industrial and Hazardous Waste Management 3

UNIT x STUDY GUIDE

Title

Consequently, one effective way to tie together all of these subsystems into a single chemical treatment process could be the following order of in-line equipment, following the physical oil removal equipment: Oil-water separator (Unit 2) Imhoff tank (neutralization/precipitation) ion exchange column (oxidation/reduction) secondary clarifier (stabilization) filter press (solidification) Now, let’s consider our second phase of equipment needs (chemical treatment) for our proposed project design as we use our interactive model again.

1. Click here to access the interactive design model. 2. Closely review the influent laboratory report (lift station) against the effluent laboratory report (pop up

report). Remember that the goal is to design our system so that the final effluent concentrations meet the established local limits for the municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP).

3. Continue to use this model in your design work for your course project (proposed industrial and hazardous waste treatment facility) again in this unit.

Have fun designing your chemical treatment process within your industrial and hazardous waste treatment system!

References

Bahadori, A. (2014). Waste management in the chemical and petroleum industries. West Sussex, United Kingdom: Wiley.

Haas, C., & Vamos, R. (1995). Hazardous and industrial waste treatment. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-

Hall. Texas Water Utilities Association. (1991). Manual of wastewater treatment. (6th ed.). Austin, TX: Author. Trochim, W. M. K. (2001). The research methods knowledge base (2nd ed.). Cincinnati, OH: Atomic

Dog.

Suggested Reading The suggested reading will give you additional resources related to the content for this unit. The article is an open source publication and can be found at the URL provided below. Brostow, W., Hagg Lobland, H., Pal., S., & Singh, R. (2009). Polymeric flocculants for wastewater and

industrial effluent treatment. Journal of Materials Education 31(3-4), 157-166. Retrieved from http://www.unt.edu/LAPOM/publications/pdf%20articles/varudadditions/flocJME.pdf

 

 
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Industrial And Hazardous Waste

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1 page

1. Closely read the Required Reading assignment from Bahadori (2014) and the Unit Lesson within the Study Guide. 2. Open your proposal draft from Unit III and make any improvements to your draft using your professor’s feedback from the Unit III project assignment. 3. Open the Unit V Study Guide, read the unit lesson, and then work with the embedded interactive model to decide what biological and secondary treatment equipment to include in your treatment process design. 4. Continue from your Unit III Project and make your fifth level one heading titled “Biological and Secondary Treatment.” Describe the secondary treatment equipment that you engineered into your treatment process. Be sure and describe the relevance and anticipated reduction of related analytical concentrations within your industrial and hazardous waste treatment system as they correspond with each technology that you selected. You are required to describe the equipment selection in at least one page.

While we allow Bahadori (2014) to discuss sewage treatment systems within the context of the required reading for Unit V, we are going to spend a little time considering one of the ancillary aspects of sewage treatment involving hydrocarbon-laden liquid wastes. Bahadori (2014) discusses some areas of this topic in our suggested reading for this unit, but an overview of his presentation may help us better because of some often overlooked independent variables causally related to the safety of an industrial and hazardous waste treatment system. One of the critical variables related to the safety of a treatment system is the air quality surrounding the processes, particularly when hydrocarbons are present in the influent waste streams. As such, it is imperative that we understand the relationship of solubility of certain petroleum-related organic compounds and hydrocarbons in water, as well as their relative emission rates coming from the wastewater during the processes. By definition, a hydrocarbon is a compound containing only two elements, carbon and hydrogen (Hill & Feigl, 1987). While we were likely able to decant and remove much of the visible hydrocarbon and petroleum-related organic compounds from the wastewater during the physical treatment process of our system, the lighter organic compounds (specifically the light alkanes methane and ethane) may be persistent in the wastewater (Bahadori, 2014). These alkanes are sometimes called saturated hydrocarbons, due to the fact that each carbon atom is bonded with four hydrogen atoms with no double or triple bonds (Hill & Feigl, 1987). This is further complicated with the fact that these two compounds typically have very low solubility in water, and subsequently are emitted as gases in the process (Bahadori, 2014; Haas & Vamos, 1995). As such, these compounds pose threats to the safety of the process work environment, given that both methane and ethane have relatively low flashpoints. For example, methane (CH4) has a flashpoint of −368.6ºF and lower explosive limit of 5.3%, and ethane (C2H6) has a flashpoint of −202ºF and a lower explosive limit of 3.0% (Lewis, 1991). One could only imagine the threat of spark in this environment while operating the treatment process. Consequently, it is important for us as engineers to anticipate the aqueous solubility of these saturated hydrocarbons in the wastewater as a means of forecasting the emissions from the process. Bahadori (2014) presents his previous work to demonstrate calculated coefficients that can be used to correlate the mole fractions of individual components of a hydrocarbon-laden solution and subsequently reduced partial pressure of the solution. The tabulated coefficients are presented for both methane and ethane, with a follow-on formula for forecasting the hydrocarbon-water solubility of these two alkanes, as well UNIT V STUDY GUIDE Designing Liquid Waste Management Systems for Industrial and Hazardous Waste MEE 5801, Industrial and Hazardous Waste Management 2 UNIT x STUDY GUIDE Title as the rest of the continuous-chain alkane ranges of propane (C3H8) through hexane (C6H14) and hexane through decane (C10H22) (Bahadori, 2014; Hill & Feigl, 1987). Finally, the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) can then be anticipated in units of percent by weight for each petroleum-related compound and subsequently correlated as a ratio of DOC to chemical oxygen demand (COD) or DOC/COD. As such, a predicted value for DOC derived from the DOC/COD ratio (0.267) may be calculated solely from the COD measurements (Bahadori, 2014). For example, if a petroleum-laden wastewater has a COD value of 500 ppm, the anticipated calculation for predicting DOC could be made as follows (Bahadori, 2014): DOC/COD = 0.267 Where DOC = X COD = 500 ppm then X/500 ppm = 0.267 or X = 500 ppm (0.267) so X = 133.5 ppm or DOC = 133.5 ppm Still, Bahadori (2014) presents additional tabulated information derived from historical DOC concentration measurements from refinery effluents for both organics and inorganics traditionally found in those waste streams. You may find this information useful in your own engineering work for your industrial and hazardous waste treatment system currently under design in this class. Remember that the ultimate reason for predicting the DOC concentrations in the wastewater is to mitigate hazardous environmental conditions for both humans and the ecological life surrounding and interacting with the treatment process. As such, you may consider the relative intrinsic safety of pumps, motors, mixers, and other equipment that is designed into the process as part of the system. Let’s return to our interactive model and design in the biological and secondary treatment phase of our proposed industrial and hazardous waste treatment system. 1. Click here to access the interactive design model. 2. Closely review the influent laboratory report (lift station) against the effluent laboratory report (pop up report). Remember that the goal is to design our system so that the final effluent concentrations meet the established local limits for the municipal WWTP. 3. Continue to use this model in your design work for your course project (proposed industrial and hazardous waste treatment facility) again in this unit. Notice that as you design the next-to-last phase of this system, the process is noticeably dropping the concentrations of the constituents

 
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Fire Protection Technology

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Part 4: Scenario-Based Case Study

Refer to the unit study guide for the needed information about water systems before attempting to complete this assignment.

For this assignment, you will submit Part 4 of the scenario-based case study course project, which is due in Unit VIII. You should evaluate and revise the recommendations as needed during the process for each previous unit as you learn more during the progression of this course. Please continue to draw upon your imagination to think creatively on potential concerns with fire and explosive hazards, fire controls, and fire and emergency management. Look at fire protection technology in a holistic way that is significantly different from what was previously designed by thinking in isolation. You will evaluate and develop recommendations to resolve potential fires in the future.

Section I

As you make suggestions to improve life, safety, and fire protection, refer back to the background information, if needed, to provide you with the necessary material to identify the basic components common to fire protection for the City of Washington Distribution Warehouse.

As we have been building on each phase of the scenario for fire protection design, evaluate the appropriate quality, quantity, and pressure of the water protection system in the scenario.

This assignment is not looking for compliance with building codes nor expecting you to be a fire protection system designer. However, the purpose of this assignment is for you to apply the concepts and knowledge you have learned in this unit as you begin writing your final project covering protection systems that will detect, contain, control, and extinguish a fire. In addition, this assignment provides you with the opportunity to use your skills, expertise, and experience to enrich your response.

Prepare a well-organized narrative addressing the existing water distribution system suppling the fire protection system for the warehouse described in the unit study guide. Your discussion will consist of your evaluation of the water system and the effect of water pressure on the fire as it relates to the movement of water, the components of a water supply and distribution network, and if the warehouse should be on the public water system or private water system.

Section II

In the unit lesson, fire brigades were described. Explain the views to a reader unfamiliar with fire brigades, including references to specific statements. What are the characteristics of fire brigades in the industrial or commercial setting? Should fire brigades be a part of today’s fire protection? Why, or why not?

For this assignment, you will write a two-page narrative (one page per section) supporting your position. Use APA level one headings for each section. The heading should be indicative of the major section to follow. You must have a title page and references page. You may use information from reputable, reliable journal articles, case studies, scholarly papers, and other sources that you feel are pertinent. You should use at least three sources, one of which must be your textbook. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations following proper APA style.

 
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