The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence
The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence
- In your own words, discuss the empirical framework of the Purnell Model and what are the purposes of this model.
- Please mention and discuss the macro aspects of the model.
- What is the role of the head of household and genders according to this model?
- In your own words, define the domain biocultural ecology and discuss one variation of this domain.
As indicated in the syllabus, the assignment must be presented in an APA format, Word document, Arial 12 font, and attached to the forum title ‘Week 2 discussion questions’ in the discussion board. A minimum of 2 evidence-based references besides the class textbook, no older than 5 years, are required. 2 replies to any of your peers’ postings, sustained with the proper references, are required. Assignment must contain a minimum of 500 words without counting the first and reference page.
The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence: Framework and Key Aspects
The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence is an empirically derived framework that helps healthcare professionals understand and incorporate cultural elements into patient care. Developed by Dr. Larry Purnell, the model serves as a comprehensive guide for assessing cultural beliefs, values, and practices. It organizes cultural competence into 12 domains that enable healthcare providers to recognize and respect differences among individuals and groups. The primary purpose of the Purnell Model is to improve the quality of care by offering a structured approach to understanding cultural diversity. This, in turn, reduces healthcare disparities by promoting sensitivity and respect for various cultural backgrounds.
Macro Aspects of the Purnell Model
The macro aspects of the Purnell Model refer to its broader cultural dimensions that shape human behavior and interactions. These include family roles and organization, communication, religion, spirituality, and biocultural ecology. Each domain provides insight into how culture influences an individual’s worldview, social roles, and healthcare practices. For instance, understanding the role of family organization allows healthcare providers to better grasp decision-making hierarchies and social dynamics. Similarly, recognizing religious and spiritual beliefs helps ensure that care plans are aligned with patients’ personal values and practices. These macro aspects facilitate a holistic approach to cultural competence, enhancing the quality of patient-provider interactions.
Role of the Head of Household and Genders
In the Purnell Model, the head of household plays a pivotal role in shaping healthcare decisions. This role varies significantly across cultures. In many patriarchal societies, the male is often the designated decision-maker for family matters, including healthcare choices. Conversely, in matriarchal or egalitarian cultures, women or elders may assume this role. Understanding this dynamic is essential for healthcare providers, as it influences how healthcare information is shared and who is responsible for making medical decisions. The model also highlights the significance of gender roles, which differ across cultural contexts. In some cultures, traditional gender norms dictate the roles men and women play in healthcare, while in others, these roles are more fluid. Being aware of these distinctions helps healthcare professionals provide care that respects cultural norms while promoting patient autonomy.
Biocultural Ecology: Definition and Variation
Biocultural ecology is one of the twelve domains in the Purnell Model, focusing on the biological and genetic differences that exist among cultural groups. This domain encompasses factors like skin color, genetic predispositions, environmental adaptations, and disease prevalence. One key variation in biocultural ecology is the genetic predisposition for certain diseases in specific populations. For example, sickle cell anemia is more prevalent among individuals of African descent, while lactose intolerance is common in Asian and African populations. By understanding these genetic and environmental factors, healthcare providers can offer more tailored and effective treatments that align with the patient’s biological and cultural needs.
Conclusion
The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence provides a structured framework for healthcare professionals to understand and respect cultural diversity. By exploring macro aspects like family roles, communication, and biocultural ecology, the model facilitates a holistic approach to patient care. Recognizing the role of the head of household and gender roles further enhances the ability to deliver culturally sensitive care. Additionally, understanding biocultural ecology allows healthcare providers to address genetic and environmental factors affecting health outcomes. The Purnell Model ultimately aims to improve patient-provider relationships and reduce healthcare disparities by fostering cultural competence.
References
Purnell, L. D. (2014). Guide to Culturally Competent Health Care (3rd ed.). F.A. Davis.
https://www.fadavis.com/product/nursing-cultural-competency-diversity-guide-culturally-competent-health-care-purnell
Douglas, M. K., Rosenkoetter, M., Pacquiao, D. F., Callister, L. C., Hattar-Pollara, M., Lauderdale, J., Milstead, J., Nardi, D., & Purnell, L. (2014). Guidelines for implementing culturally competent nursing care. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 25(2), 109-121. https://doi.org/10.1177/1043659614520998
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