Psychology Of Consulting & Coaching

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Psychology Of Consulting & Coaching

(Psychology Of Consulting & Coaching)

The psychology of consulting and coaching revolves around understanding human behavior and applying this knowledge to help individuals or organizations achieve their goals. Consultants and coaches use psychological principles to assess needs, identify obstacles, and develop tailored strategies for improvement.

In consulting, the focus is often on organizations, helping them optimize processes, improve team dynamics, and implement effective change management practices. Consultants leverage skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and strategic planning, often utilizing tools like psychometric assessments and organizational behavior theories.

Coaching, on the other hand, is more individualized, aiming to enhance a person’s personal and professional development. Coaches work closely with clients to identify strengths, set realistic goals, and develop action plans. Techniques like active listening, motivational interviewing, and cognitive-behavioral strategies are commonly employed to foster self-awareness, resilience, and goal attainment.

Both consulting and coaching require strong interpersonal skills, empathy, and the ability to build trust. Understanding the psychological aspects of motivation, behavior change, and interpersonal communication is crucial. By applying these principles, consultants and coaches can effectively guide their clients towards achieving sustainable growth and success.

 

Organizational development looks at how an organization can expand the knowledge and effectiveness of its people to be a more successful organization. When psychologists realized that the structure of an organization influences worker behavior and motivation, the science of OD came about. This assignment will give you the opportunity to look at an organization’s climate and culture and determine how they influence the development of the organization.

General guidelines

· Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is not required.

· Include a minimum of five scholarly topic-relevant sources (majority of articles should be published within past 5 years)

Directions

Write a paper of 2,000-2,500 words in which you discuss the impact that culture, climate, and interventions influence organizational development. Support your responses with current research. In your paper, address the following:

1. Delineate the difference between organizational culture and organizational climate and describe how they impact organizational development.

2. Describe three major OD intervention techniques and how they are applied.

3. Discuss appreciative inquiry and how it could guide organizational development.

 
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Healthcare policy in nursing

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Healthcare policy in nursing

(Healthcare policy in nursing)

Question description

Worksheet #1

1.  Describe a public-health policy issue with which you have personal and/or professional experience, and about which you are interested, familiar, and passionate. Why is this issue of particular interest/importance to you and to the profession of nursing? Examples of policy issues include

·  Access to health care

·  Adult or childhood obesity

·  Clinical practice issues

·  Social issues

·  Environmental issues

·  Nutrition

2.  What is the specific problem, including background, surrounding this issue? Is there a need for a new law or campaign related to this issue? Is there a need for change to an existing law? Is there need for a change in regulatory issues? What specific supportive evidence do you have for this issue, including evidence and references? You will need to include this in your message/ask/recommendation(s).

3.  Review thoughts regarding your chosen policy issue. It is important to analyze your issue thoroughly. Be sure you address the following with evidence and research:

·  Context

·  Goals/options

·  Evaluation of options

·  Recommended solutions

4.  How can you find out the current status of this issue? Is there a website (professional organization such as the American Nurses Association or local, state, or federal government) that provides status updates or alerts? Please describe.

5.  What level(s) of government does your issue involve (local, state, federal)? What level of government is your immediate target? Please describe.

Requirements

Assignment Criteria for Presentation:

1.  Provide an introduction to your policy-priority issue.

2.  Articulate key points under each of the Formulating a Health Care Policy Ungraded Worksheet #1 sections, using the headings in your paper.

3.  Provide a critique of empirical evidence that supports your chosen policy issue and analysis.

4.  Demonstrate the importance and impact of the chosen policy issue to nursing.

5.  Provide concluding statements summarizing the content.

6.  The paper will be a minimum of 4 pages and a maximum of five pages in length , in APA format 6th edition, excluding the title and reference page.

Preparing the Paper

After completing Formulating a Health Care Policy  Worksheet #1, address all areas on the worksheet in the body of a scholarly paper. Include a minimum of five (5) classic or current references published within the past 5 years.

 
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FNU Physical Assessment In HealthCare

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FNU Physical Assessment In HealthCare

(FNU Physical Assessment In HealthCare)

FNU Physical Assessment in Health Care Quiz 5

Question

Question 1

Which nodes are also called Virchow nodes?

a. Internal mammary
b. Anterior axillary
c. Deep cervical
d. Supraclavicular
Question 2

To palpate the inguinal nodes, you should have the patient:

a. bend over a table and cough
b. lie supine, with the knees slightly flexed
c. lie supine, with the legs extended
d. stand with the back extended
Question 3

Which risk factor is least likely to result in someone contracting HIV infection?

a. Prostitution
b. Hemophilia
c. Intravenous drug use
d. Working with AIDS patients
Question 4

Which of the following organs does not have lymphatic vessels?

a. Brain
b. Kidneys
c. Liver
d. Lungs
Question 5

Which disorder is characterized by a single node that is chronically enlarged and nontender in a patient with no other symptoms?

a. Retropharyngeal abscess
b. Streptococcal pharyngitis
c. Mononucleosis
d. Toxoplasmosis
Question 6

Transillumination is performed during an examination of the lymphatic system to:

a. detect lymphatic pulsation
b. distinguish nodes from cysts
c. evaluate nodal contours
d. observe erythematous lesions
Question 7

Serum sickness is usually characterized first by the appearance of:

a. diffuse lymph node enlargement
b. joint pain
c. urticaria
d. fever
Question 8(FNU Physical Assessment In HealthCare)

The most important clue to the diagnosis of immunodeficiency disease in a child is:

a. family history
b. illness in siblings
c. previous hospitalizations
d. serious recurring infections
Question 9

Which of the following conditions will stimulate lymph node enlargement? (Select all that apply.)

a. Graves diseaseb

b. Lymphangiomac

c. Esophageal refluxd

d. Parotid swelling

Question 10

The nurse tells her patient with lymphadenopathy not to rub the swollen lymph node because this would result in:

a. spreading the infection
b. enlarging the node
c. slowing the lymphatic drainage
d. making the node more fibrotic

Question 11

The harder and more discrete a node, the more likely that there is a(n):

a. innocent cause
b. infection
c. malignancy
d. metabolic disease

Question 12

Tender nodes associated with cat scratch disease are usually found in which area?

a. Epitrochlear area
b. Popliteal area
c. Axilla
d. Inguinal area

Question 13

To find the infection site associated with acute lymphangitis, the examiner should look ________ to the inflammation.

a. proximal
b. distal
c. contralateral
d. anterior

Question 14

Which landmark is the dividing line between the anterior and posterior cervical triangles?

a. Clavicle
b. Cervical spine
c. Sternocleidomastoid
d. Sternum

Question 15

Which disorder is a dysfunction of cell-mediated immunity?

a. Acute idiopathic polyneuritis
b. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
c. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) mononucleosis
d. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Question 16

When examining lymph nodes near a joint in the arm or leg, which of the following maneuvers is likely to facilitate the examination?

a. Extension of the extremity
b. Circumduction of the extremity
c. Flexion of the extremity
d. Rotation of the extremity

Question 17

The most common causes of acute suppurative lymphadenitis are:

a. HIV and herpes zoster
b. Haemophilus influenzae and adenovirus
c. herpes simplex types 1 and 2
d. streptococcal and staphylococcal organisms

Question 18

What is the most frequent cause of edema of the lower extremities?

a. Deficiency of vitamins and minerals
b. Excessive walking or running
c. Prolonged sitting or standing
d. Use of table salt

Question 19

Which of the following findings indicates that the examiner is assessing a blood vessel rather than a lymph node?

a. A bruit
b. Inflammation
c. Tenderness
d. Redness

Question 20(FNU Physical Assessment In HealthCare)

Which nodes are most often associated with inflammation?

a. Shotty
b. Movable
c. Fixed
d. Tender

Question 21

Which bronchial structure(s) is(are) most susceptible to aspiration of foreign bodies?

a. Left mainstem bronchus
b. Terminal bronchioles
c. Right mainstem bronchus
d. Respiratory bronchioles

Question 22

While auscultating the lung fields, you note that the patient’s voice sound is intensified, the voice has a nasal quality, and e’s sound like a’s. This describes:

a. resonance
b. bronchophony
c. pectoriloquy
d. egophony

Question 23

You are documenting a rash between the eighth and ninth ribs on the lateral border.This intercostal space will be documented in terms of the:

a. rib immediately above it
b. rib immediately below it
c. number of centimeters it is positioned below the clavicle
d. number of inches it is positioned below the clavicle

Question 24

Which chest structure contains all the thoracic viscera except the lungs?

a. Manubrium
b. Mediastinum
c. Sternum
d. Xiphoid

Question 25

Your older clinic patient is being seen today as a follow-up for a 2-day history of pneumonia. The patient continues to have a productive cough, shortness of breath, and lethargy and has been spending most of the day lying in bed. You should begin the chest examination by:

a. percussing all lung fields
b. auscultating the lung bases
c. determining tactile fremitus
d.estimating diaphragmatic excursion

Question 26

When the umbilical cord is cut:

a. blood flows through the infants lungs more vigorously.
b. lungs fill with air
c. closure of the foramen ovale occurs
d. closure of the ductus arteriosus occurs

Question 27

Which of the following are signs and symptoms of atelectasis?

a. Diminished chest wall movement
b. Tachypnea
c. Bradypnea
d. Trachea deviated ipsilaterally
Question 28

Which type of apnea requires immediate action?

a. Primary apnea
b. Secondary apnea
c. Sleep apnea
d. Periodic apnea of the newborn

Question 29

To distinguish between a respiratory friction rub and cardiac friction rub, ask the patient to:

a. hold the breath
b. lean forward
c. say “99” while you palpate the anterior chest
d. identify the location of the pain

Question 30(FNU Physical Assessment In HealthCare)

When auscultating the apex of the lung, you should listen at a point:

a. even with the second rib
b. 4 cm above the first rib
c. higher on the right side
d. on the convex diaphragm surface

Question 31

Your trauma patient has no auscultated breath sounds in the right lung field. You can hear adequate sounds on the left side. A likely cause of this abnormality could be that the patient:

a. has a closed head injury
b. has fluid in the pleural space
c. is moaning and in severe pain
d. is receiving high-flow oxygen

Question 32

Which condition requires immediate emergency intervention?

a. Patient with pleuritic pain without dyspnea
b. Patient with fever and a productive cough
c. Patient with tachypnea but no chest retractions
d. Patient with absent breath sounds and dull percussion tones

Question 33

Which site of chest wall retractions indicates a more severe obstruction in the asthmatic patient?

a. Lower chest
b. Along the anterior axillary line
c. Above the clavicles
d. At the nipple line

Question 34

With consolidation in the lung tissue, the breath sounds are louder and easier to hear, whereas healthy lung tissue produces softer sounds. This is because:

a. consolidation echoes in the chest
b. consolidation is a poor conductor of sound
c. air-filled lung sounds are from smaller spaces
d. air-filled lung tissue is an insulator of sound

Question 35

Which term would you use to document a respiratory rate more than 20 breaths/min in an adult?

a. Dyspnea
b. Orthopnea
c. Platypnea
d. Tachypnea

Question 36

Which finding suggests a minor structural variation?

a. Barrel chest
b. Clubbed fingers
c. Pectus carinatum
d. Chest wall retractions

Question 37

Which symptom is the most significant indicator of asthma and should be identified in the health history?

a. Wheezing
b. Paroxysmal dyspnea
c. Coexistent skin conditions
d. Chest pain

Question 38

To distinguish crackles from rhonchi, you should auscultate the lungs:

a. before and after the patient coughs
b. first at the lung base and then at the apex
c. with the patient inhaling and then exhaling
d. with the patient recumbent and then sitting

Question 39

Which of the following is an expected finding in newborns?

a. Mottling of the thorax
b. Sternal retractions
c. Cough
d. Sneezing

Question 40

You would expect to document the presence of a pleural friction rub for a patient being treated for:

a. pneumonia
b. atelectasis
c. pleurisy
d. emphysema

 
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Net Present Value Analysis

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Net Present Value Analysis

(Net Present Value Analysis)

Net present value calculation Dowling Sportswear, Accounting Assignment Homework Help

Question description

Question 1: (10 points). (Net present value calculation) Dowling Sportswear is considering building a new factory to produce aluminum baseball bats. This project would require an initial cash outlay of $4,000,000 and would generate annual net cash inflows of $900,000 per year for 7 years. Calculate the project’s NPV using a discount rate of 5 percent. (Round to the nearest dollar.)

a. If the discount rate is 5 percent, then the project’s NPV is: $

Question 2: (30 points). (Net present value calculation) Big Steve’s, makers of swizzle sticks, is considering the purchase of a new plastic stamping machine. This investment requires an initial outlay of $90,000 and will generate net cash inflows of $19,000 per year for 11 years. To answer Choose an item questions, click on the orange text and use the pull down menu to select the best answer.

a. What is the project’s NPV using a discount rate of 7 percent? (Round to the nearest dollar.)

If the discount rate is 7 percent, then the project’s NPV is: $

Should the project be accepted?

The project Choose an item. accepted because the NPV is Choose an item. and therefore Choose an item. value to the firm.

b. What is the project’s NPV using a discount rate of 16 percent?

If the discount rate is 16 percent, then the project’s NPV is: $

Should the project be accepted?

The project Choose an item. accepted because the NPV is Choose an item. and therefore Choose an item. value to the firm.

If the project’s required discount rate is 16%, then the project Choose an item. accepted because the IRR is Choose an item. Than the required discount rate.

c. What is this project’s internal rate of return? (Round to two decimal places.)

(Net Present Value Analysis)

This project’s internal rate of return is:   %

Should the project be accepted? Why or why not?

If the project’s required discount rate is 7%, then the project Choose an item. accepted because the IRR is Choose an item. the required discount rate.

If the project’s required discount rate is 16%, then the project Choose an item. accepted because the IRR is Choose an item. the required discount rate.

Question 3: (15 points). (Related to Checkpoint 11.2) (Equivalent annual cost calculation) Barry Boswell is a financial analyst for Dossman Metal Works, Inc. and he is analyzing two alternative configurations for the firm’s new plasma cutter shop. The two alternatives that are denoted A and B below perform the same task and although they each cost to purchase and install they offer very different cash flows. Alternative A has a useful life of 7 years whereas Alternative B will only last for 3 years. The after-tax cash flows from the two projects are as follows:

a. Calculate each project’s equivalent annual cost (EAC) given a discount rate of 10 percent. (Round to the nearest cent.)

a. Alternative A’s equivalent annual cost (EAC) at a discount rate of 10% is: $
b. Alternative B’s equivalent annual cost (EAC) at a discount rate of 10% is $

b. Which of the alternatives do you think Barry should select? Why? (Select the best choice below.)

a.  This cannot be determined from the information provided.

b.  Alternative B should be selected because its equivalent annual cost is less per year than the annual equivalent cost for Alternative A.

c.  Alternative A should be selected because its equivalent annual cost is less per year than the annual equivalent cost for Alternative B.

d.  Alternative A should be selected because it has the highest NPV.

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Question 4: (10 points). (IRR calculation) What is the internal rate of return for the following project: An initial outlay of $9,000 resulting in a single cash inflow of $15,424 in 7 years. (Round to the nearest whole percent.)

(Net Present Value Analysis)

a. The internal rate of return for the project is:   %

Question 5: (10 points). (IRR calculation) Jella Cosmetics is considering a project that costs $750,000 and is expected to last for 9 years and produce future cash flows of $180,000 per year. If the appropriate discount rate for this project is 17 percent, what is the project’s IRR? (Round to two decimal places.)

a. The project’s IRR is:   %

Question 6: (10 points) (IRR, payback, and calculating a missing cash flow) Mode Publishing is considering a new printing facility that will involve a large initial outlay and then result in a series of positive cash flows for four years. The estimated cash flows associated with this project are:

If you know that the project has a regular payback of 2.9 years, what is the project’s internal rate of return?

a. The IRR of the project is:   %

Question 7: (15 points) (Mutually exclusive projects and NPV) You have been assigned the task of evaluating two mutually exclusive projects with the following projected cash flows:

If the appropriate discount rate on these projects is 11 percent, which would be chosen and why? (Round to the nearest cent.)

a. The NPV of Project A is: $
b. The NPV of Project B is: $

Which project would be chosen and why? (Select the best choice below.)

a.  Cannor choose without comparing their IRRs.

b.  Choose A because its NPV is higher.

c.  Choose both because they both have positive NPVs.

d.  Choose B because its NPV is higher.

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Capstone Project Scenario

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Capstone Project Scenario

(Capstone Project Scenario)

Question description

Capstone Project Scenario:

You have been asked to develop a pizza ordering application. Here is the information your manager just shared with you about this software development project.

The pizza ordering application allows customers with a web browser to order pizza for home delivery. To place an order, a customer would search to find items to purchase (specialty pizzas, sodas, desserts, salads, etc.), and then add items one at a time to a shopping cart. They could also view a page that showed the daily special. The customer could search again for more items if they wanted. They would also have the option to build their own pizza with as many toppings as they liked. When all items were chosen, the customer would see the cost of their order, and also be prompted to provide a delivery address for that specific order. If not paying with cash, the customer would provide credit or debit card information for use on the current order. The system should have an option for customers to register with the pizza shop. They could then save their name, address information and e-mail address, so that they wouldn’t have to enter this information every time they placed an order. If they didn’t want to save their personal details on the site, they could register their e-mail address only, which would let them receive coupons and updates on special promotions.

To complete this assignment, make assumptions as needed–just be sure to document any assumptions you make.

Milestone #1

1.  Identify the following information about the pizza ordering application:

a.  Purpose or goal of the system

b.  Primary user(s) of the system

2.  Assume the role of the customer. Identify 10 user requirements in user story format “As a (role), I want (feature), so that I can (justification/benefit).”

3.  Identify 5 functional requirements and 2 or more non-functional requirements using the “shall” format from Chapter 4.

4.  Identify 5 use case scenarios and create a simple use case UML diagram for each.

Deadline: 3 days.

Milestone #2

Complete a UML activity diagram that provides a high level overview of the major processes that characterize the pizza ordering application.

1.  Assume a Test Driven Development approach. Identify 5 or more failing tests and what you would do to make them pass. These tests will form the basis of your unit testing strategy.

2.  Identify whether a plan-driven “waterfall” software development approach or an agile framework or methodology might be more suitable for this software development project. Explain your recommendation.

Deadline: 6 days.

Milestone #3

1.  Identify the evolution and maintenance related items that should be considered when planning to develop the pizza ordering software application.

2.  Identify ten or more risks that could develop with this project. What is the probability or likelihood that each risk might occur, and what would be the effect to your pizza ordering application if it did? What is your plan to either avoid, minimize or recover from (i.e., contingency plan) each of these risks if they were to occur?  Present your risk analysis as a Risk Register in a tabular format, with the highest impacts/effects listed first.

a.  Project Planning Assignments:

b.  Plan-driven “waterfall” planning approach assignment: Use the 10 user story requirements from Milestone #1 for this assignment. For each user story, identify the effort in person-days and duration of each deliverable. If one user story is dependent on another, identify that relationship.

i.  Agile SCRUM planning approach assignment: Use the 10 user story requirements from Milestone #1 for this assignment. Assuming a 2-week sprint cycle or iteration, identify how many sprints this software development project will take to complete. Identify which user stories will be completed within each sprint and what considerations went into your sizing decision.

ii.  Be sure to rank the user stories from highest to lowest priority.

3.  Be sure the most important user stories are completed before the least important user stories.

Deadline: 9 Days.

$45 Is the maximum that I can pay for this work. Please don’t bid more than that because I won’t assign this work to you. 

 
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Psychotherapy In Film

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Final Paper – Assignment / Psychotherapy In Film

Psychotherapy In Film

This purpose of this assignment is to give you an opportunity to explore the psychotherapeutic relationship in great depth as it is portrayed on screen. For this assignment please write a 5-7 page (not including the title page and references page) paper.  In this paper, please analyze a character’s illness and treatment from the perspective of a psychotherapist.

Formatting Reminder: You are expected to format your paper according to APA formatting guidelines. Please see the APA resources folder in our classroom for additional resources and tools for help in preparing your paper. Be sure to cite your sources accordingly, to avoid plagiarism in your formal written assignments.

You are required to include discussion of:

(a) The character’s diagnosis in terms of the DSM-IV

(b) A brief discussion of the apparent etiology of the character’s symptoms,

(c) An in-depth analysis of the treatment prescribed for the character in terms of theoretical perspective: psychoanalytic, client-centered, gestalt, and behavior therapy.

Which perspective(s) is(are) being represented in the film? Does the treatment seem to be effective? What are the advantages and disadvantages of this approach? What, if any, alternative approach would the student recommend?

Here is a list of films you can choose from:

  • David and Lisa (1962)
  • One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Next (1975)
  • Ordinary People (1980)
  • Sybil (1977)
  • Girl, Interrupted (1999)
  • Awakenings (1990)

If you would like to choose a film not included on this list, please let me know and I will review the choice for you.

NOTE RE: PAPER: You are expected to turn the PAPER in by the due date depositing it in the appropriate section in the ASSIGNMENT DROPBOX FOLDER on the course website. Papers WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED after that deadline by 1100 PM. Please label your document with your last name and the name of the assignment like this, FERNANDEZ_paper.doc. Format for papers must be in Microsoft word format. That means ONLY.doc OR .docx files . NO EXCEPTIONS! Please do not submit papers using .wps (wordperfect), some type of compressed MSWord file, wordpad, .pdf or ANY OTHER FILE FORMATS. Papers with the wrong Format will receive mandatory minimum 10 point deduction.

 
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Observational And Motor Learning.

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Observational and Motor Learning.

(Observational And Motor Learning.)

During the period of early childhood, mastering fine motor skills is a very important process needed for physical and cognitive development. However, for a number of different reasons, there are some children who do not develop at the same pace as an average child. It is important for parents and physicians to recognize children who are not on track developmentally because the earlier the cause of the delay can be determined, the earlier parents can start working with the child to correct or minimize these deficits. Often, the earlier children begin to work on their developmental deficits, the greater the advancements they can make.

By the age of three, a child should be able to do the following:

  • Use a spoon by themselves
  • Draw a vertical and horizontal line
  • String large beads
  • Snip paper with scissors
  • Roll clay or play dough into a “snake”

Conduct an Internet search using the two phrases listed below. Your results will help you better understand the kind of milestones that are used to assess the development of fine motor skills in young children.

  • Fine motor skills milestones
  • Child development milestones

Using the module readings, the Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet, research observational and motor learning and activities that can be used to help develop motor skills. Then, address the following:

  • Describe in detail how a young child’s fine motor skills are developed—making sure to include the theory of motor-skill learning that best fits this situation.
  • Explain whether any motor tasks or skills can be accomplished via observational learning. Justify your response.
  • Now, consider a situation in which a young child (3–4 years old) is developmentally delayed in fine motor skill development. Create a strategy which would help the child strengthen his or her fine motor skills.
  • You can find a number of activities online which purport to help develop these skills. From a theoretical viewpoint, be sure to explain how these activities will aid a child’s fine motor skill development. Make sure that you reference at least onepeer-reviewed article in addition to any Web sites you find and describe these activities as part of your development strategy.

Write a 3–4-page paper in Word format. It should be double-spaced and in 12 point, Times New Roman font with regular one-inch margins and free of typographical and grammatical errors. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Be sure to include a title page with a running head and reference page.

 
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PSYC325 Midterm Exam.

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PSYC325 Midterm Exam.

(PSYC325 Midterm Exam.)

Answer this test’s questions in a minimum of two substantive paragraphs totaling 300 words, completely and fully for full credit. Source credits and the required Reference list attached at the end of each answer do no count toward its word length.  Answers are to be based on the course textbook and outside academic sources (excluding other course textbooks, encyclopedias such as Encarte and Wikipedia, About.com and Ask.com type websites that synthesize source information for users, magazines, news websites, blogs, etc.).

Course Materials:

Pinel, J. (2014).  Biopsychology (9th edition). Pearson Publishing.

Describe the recent finds on the “Nature-Nurture Controversy.” How does evolutionary theory (evolutionary biology and evolutionary psychology) and the study of genetics fit in to this discussion? What are the implications for the biopsychologist? And finally, is there a controversy at all?

Describe the process of action potential conduction and neurotransmission from one neuron to another, both electrically (including saltatory conduction) and chemically. Describe how a cell fires an action potential and be sure to address which structures are involved in neurotransmission. Discuss reuptake and enzymatic degradation (breakdown) in the context of the appropriate neurotransmitters.

Trace in detail the structure and function of the visual system from the physical stimuli (light waves), to the structure of the eye and through the corresponding brain structures until it is processed as visual information. You will need to compare photoreceptors in darkness to photoreceptors receiving light and describe how light energy is transduced into neural signals. Describe how the trichromatic and opponent-process theory explain how light of different wavelengths is converted into color information.

Discuss some of the methodological approaches that can be used to examine the influence of multiple genes on behavior. Then discuss what transgenic animals are and how they are produced.

What is the medial forebrain bundle? Discuss the evidence for and against its involvement in reward. In addition, review the evidence showing that the brain’s dopamine pathways are critically involved in pleasure and reward.

What is the monoamine theory of depression? What evidence supports this hypothesis as a cause of affective disorder? It generally takes 2-3 weeks of chronic treatment before an antidepressant begins to have a clinical benefit, yet the drug’s pharmacological effect (for example, its inhibition of MOA, or reuptake) is immediate. What synaptic mechanisms may underlie this time lag?

Critically evaluate the roles of the lateral hypothalamus and ventromedial hypothalamus in hunger and satiety. What other brain sites are known to be involved in eating behavior? How can this be explained in terms of a homeostatic model? What evidence shows that non- homeostatic mechanisms also contribute to feeding?

How is the brain capable of “seeing” a spectrum of fine color when the eye contains only three different types of color detectors? What evidence supports the existence of dorsal (“where is it?”) and ventral (“what is it?”) visual systems in the cerebral cortex?

Describe the main structures of the brain stem, the midbrain, and forebrain, including the basal ganglia, the limbic system and the cerebral cortex. What functions and behaviors are these regions known to control?

 
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Parenting Styles and Influence

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Parenting Styles and Influence

(Parenting Styles and Influence)

Please no plagiarism and make sure you are able to access all resource on your own before you bid. One of the references must come from Broderick and Blewitt (2015). I need this completed by 12/17/17 at 6pm. Please respond to these posts from my classmates. I will post their work and respond according to the instructions

Respond to at least two of your colleagues using one or more of the following approaches:

· Expand on a colleague’s post by providing an authentic example from your own observations and/or work with clients.

· Offer and support additional cultural and environmental influences by referencing authentic examples from your own observations, your work with clients, and/or the current literature.

· Share an insight into why a parent from a certain culture or environment might choose to parent his or her child using a certain style. Support your insight by referencing authentic examples from your work with clients and/or the current literature.

Classmate post:

1. (A. Wit)

· As a parent of three young children, I have always appreciated learning about child development.  My shelves are well stocked with books on various parenting styles.  In this post, I will briefly describe the influence that parenting style and cultural context has on a developing child’s identity.

· The influence of parenting style on a child’s identity and emotional stability

·             Parenting style is arguably an essential factor in the development of a child’s identity.  The two major dimensions of parenting style are warmth/parental responsiveness and control/parental demandingness (Broderick & Blewitt, 2015).  Along these two axes, four styles are identified; 1) authoritative, 2) authoritarian, 3) permissive, and 4) neglecting (Broderick & Blewitt, 2015).  Although there are many factors involved in identity development, positive child outcomes are correlated with the authoritative parenting style (Broderick & Blewitt, 2015).  Traits of children raised by authoritative parents are adaptability, competence, good social skills, high self-esteem, and reduced aggression (Broderick & Blewitt, 2015).  Negative child outcomes for the other three styles (authoritative, permissive, and neglecting) may include increased aggressive behavior, low self-esteem, impulsivity, and reduced self-regulation (Broderick & Blewitt, 2015).  Research supports the link between authoritative parenting and increased self-esteem (Firouzkouhi, Validad, Rakhshani, & Assareh, 2017).  One hypothesis for increased self-esteem is that authoritative parents accept their children’s strengths and weaknesses and set acceptable and reasonable standards for behavior (Firouzkouhi, Validad, Rakhshani, & Assareh, 2017).

· Culture and environmental influences

·             Despite the influence of parenting style on a child’s development, it must be considered in conjunction with genetics, temperament, and cultural factors.  Culture undoubtedly helps to shape a child’s values, self-regulation, and behavior (Broderick & Blewitt, 2015).  For example, broadly speaking, European American children typically have a developed sense of autonomy and individualism, while Latino American children have a developed sense of interdependence (Broderick & Blewitt, 2015).  Other cultural differences that forming identity are the way children play (Cote & Bornstein, 2009).  European American parents tend to follow the child’s lead when playing together, perhaps developing autonomy (Cote & Bornstein, 2009).  Latino parents are likely to direct the child’s play to foster obedient behavior (Cote & Bornstein, 2009).

· Summary

·             Although several factors that contribute to identity development in children, parenting style is quite influential.  Authoritative parents raise children that are likely to be confident, adaptable, and productive (Broderick & Blewitt, 2015).  One consideration for future research is the influence of two or more parenting styles on a child.  For example, an authoritative mother (step-mother) and a neglecting father (step-father).    A multidimensional approach is the best way to understand childhood development (Broderick & Blewitt, 2015).

· References

· Broderick, P. C., & Blewitt, P. (2015). The life span: Human development for helping professionals (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.

· Cote, L. R., & Bornstein, M. H. (2009). Child and mother play in three U. S. cultural groups: Comparisons and associations. Journal of Family Psychology, 23(3), 355–363.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

· Firouzkouhi Moghaddam, M., Validad, A., Rakhshani, T., & Assareh, M. (2017). Child self-esteem and different parenting styles of mothers: a cross-sectional study. Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 19(1), 37-42. Doi:10.12740/APP/68160

2. (H. Men)

3. I personally think that parenting style influence children during each stage of their lives.  Parents interact with their children and choose make decisions for them when they are infants.  Parents also determine whom their children interact with, play with, and even how their children also manage their emotions throughout childhood.  According to Broderick & Blewitt (2015), it is almost necessary for a child to develop not only physically but emotionally in a healthy manner for them to grow up in order to be a healthy person that can not only handle difficult experiences but also stressful situation in the future.  Parents also play a big role in the formation of their children’s regulation of emotions and behaviors, as well as their children’s self-esteem and identity.  The emotional development of the child may include all the aspects of personality and identity development. The ability to control emotions and emotional responses stems from the level of response and involvement of the children parents in their lives.  For example, the parents normally act as a resource for their children in social referencing.

4. Cultural and Environmental Influences

5. The type of parenting style the parents used sometimes may also be determined by the parents’ own culture.  Also, children’s environmental influence is largely dictated by where their parents live, take them, go to church and even send them to school.  Under normal circumstances the environment that the parents put their children determines whom their children also form social relationships with. The environment that we live in now plays a major role on parenting style from difference in social and economic classes and family structures.
6. Reference:

7. Broderick, P. C., & Blewitt, P. (2015). The life span: Human development for helping professionals (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.

3. (B. Smith)

4.  The four parenting styles are authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and neglecting-uninvolved. Each style is a cross or mix between another with variations between responsiveness and demandingness. This week’s post will discuss how a parenting style impacts a child’s identity and emotional stability.

5. Influence of Parenting Styles

6.          The authoritative parenting style is seen as the most effective as it allows for autonomy, encourages communication, displays affection, and provides clear expectations and standards to the child (Brodercik, 2016, pg. 181). The Authoritarian Style is not as responsive as the Authoritative parent, creating a less positive environment. These parents operate moreso on a “because I said so” level, are less affectionate, and utilize power assertion. Children of these parents have less freedom to expression emotions, are at a high risk of being bullied, and tend to experience low self-esteem (Broderick, 2016, pg. 182). The Permissive Style of Parenting is less demanding of maturity but overall more affectionate. Finally, the Neglecting-Uninvolved Parenting Style involves parents who are less affectionate, less demanding, less responsive, and more focused on their own needs.  These children often display impulsiveness and can exhibit both depression and aggressiveness.

7. Culture and Environment

8.       Broderick (2016) indicates that race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status can influence parenting styles. Research reports there is a direct correlation, within the European-American samples, between physical discipline and aggressive behavior in children. The evidence concludes that the harsher the punishment, the more aggressive the child is likely to be. However, the opposite was found for African-American families. “…they found that based on parent report that corporal punishment is related to less aggressive outcomes” (Broderick, 2016, pg. 189).  The same could be conceptualized for environment or SES. A parent that is struggling to make ends meet could present as less responsive but more demanding.

9. Conclusion

10.   Parenting styles have a large impact on the outcomes of their children’s identity and emotional stability. However, other influences include culture, environment, and SES. I do not believe there is one, specific way to rear a child. Therefore, it is perfectly fine if a parent crossing parenting styles to borrow a technique or characteristic. I believe that children are a reflection of what they are given. A child that receives love, support, and proper guidance will reflect that.

11. References

12. Broderick, P. C., & Blewitt, P. (2015). The life span: Human development for helping professionals (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.

13. Laureate Education (Producer). (2013l). Perspectives: Working with young children [Video file]. Retrieved from https://class.waldenu.edu

Readings

· Broderick, P. C., & Blewitt, P. (2015). The life span: Human development for helping professionals (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.

o Chapter 4, “Emotional Development in the Early Years” (pp. 124-167)

o Chapter 5, “The Emerging Self and Socialization in the Early Years” (pp. 168-201)

Cote, L. R., & Bornstein, M. H. (2009). Child and mother play in three U. S. cultural groups: Comparisons and associations. Journal of Family Psychology, 23(3), 355–363.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

De Young, A. C., Kenardy, J. A., & Cobham, V. E. (2011). Trauma in early childhood: A neglected population. Clinical Child & Family Psychology Review, 14(3), 231–250.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Gould, K. (2011). Parenting theAsperger’s child: Extraordinary demands and pitfalls. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 31(3), 320–333.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Gullone, E., Ollendick, T. H., & King, N. J. (2006). The role of attachment representation in the relationship between depressive symptomatology and social withdrawal in middle childhood. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 15(3), 263–277.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Mercer, S. H., & DeRosier, M. E. (2010). Selection and socialization of internalizing problems in middle childhood. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 29(9), 1031–1056.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Media

· Laureate Education (Producer). (2013n). Young childhood [Video file]. Retrieved from CDN Files Database. (COUN 6215/COUN 8215/HUMN 8215)
This media presentation continues your exploration of the client family assigned to you by your Instructor. This week, you will focus on the young child, aged 4–10, in your Discussion post.

 
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Ethical Dilemma in Informed Consent

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Ethical Dilemma in Informed Consent

(Ethical Dilemma in Informed Consent)

Informed Consent – Whose Interpretation Of It?

Researcher X collected data from a group of women over the age of 40.  The focus of his study was on estimating the ‘risk of developing depression after age 40.’  Prior to data collection, the researcher explained that the results of the study would be made available to participants when the study was completed.  He explained that only aggregate data (group data) not individual results, would be available.  Participants signed ‘informed consent’ forms and the study was conducted. Participants completed a number of different questionnaires along with a structured interview.  The researcher’s goal was to determine if he could estimate risk of depression on the basis of a number of different variables including age, marital status, history of depression, physical health, and job satisfaction.  When the study was completed, one of the participants wanted to see her results.  The researcher provided her with aggregate data, as stated at the onset of the study.  The participant insisted on seeing her individual data, claiming that she had a right to know her own personal risk of depression.  The researcher refused, claiming that she had signed the ‘informed consent’ agreement prior to participating and that the procedure was clearly explained to her in advance of the study. Has researcher committed an ethical violation? Explain.

  • Critically Review the APA Code of Ethics
  • Explain your ideas about the discussion scenario with support from concepts found within the APA Code of Ethics and our e-book by Cozby
  • Use the Citation below for the APA Code of Ethics
  • Copy and paste the APA citation below underneath your message to our discussion
  • Then, copy the URL from the APA web page on which you are pulling the Code of Ethics concepts to paste it after the “Retrieved from” phrase to complete the citation
  • If also using concepts from Cozby’s e-book to support your opinion about the scenario, write a citation then, include it underneath the APA citation
  • Let me know of questions by submitting a Class or Private Message

American Psychological Association (APA). (2014). Ethical Principles of Psychologists

and  Code of Conduct: Including 2010 Amendments.

Respond in 500 words with three scholarly references. Use citations, cite your references. Please use chapter 3 

Each response requires ALL 3 of the following elements…

  1. A personal view on the concept of concern related to a learning objective/competency 
  2. A useful example from research about the concept that supports your view (# 1 )  
  3. A credible source showing from where your example from research came (# 2) * cited in both the summary and below it. Citations are located in the sentence describing the conceptual example within the summary, and below the same message’s summary.
 
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