Managed Healthcare Key Concepts

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Managed Healthcare Key Concepts

(Managed Healthcare Key Concepts)

Managed healthcare

My class is managed healthcare.

I have presentation about this.

1- Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs)

2- Deductible.

3- Pre – Certification / Pre – Authorization / Pre – Notification.

It’s about 10-15 minutes.

-> And you have to do Summare /Define.

-> How does it impact

– Pitants.

– Poviders.

– Payers.

Managed Healthcare Key Concepts

Slide 1: Title Slide

  • Title: Managed Healthcare
  • Subtitle: Exploring Key Concepts and Their Impact
  • Include your name, class, and presentation date.

Slide 2: Introduction to Managed Healthcare

  • Definition: A system that integrates the delivery and financing of healthcare to improve quality and control costs.
  • Purpose: Introduce the three main topics and their relevance in managed healthcare.

Slide 3: Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs)

  • Definition: Groups of doctors, hospitals, and other healthcare providers who voluntarily come together to provide coordinated care to patients.
    Goal: Avoid unnecessary duplication of services and prevent medical errors.
  • Impact:
    • Patients: Better care coordination, improved health outcomes, potential for lower out-of-pocket costs.
    • Providers: Incentives for high-quality care, shared savings programs, increased collaboration.
    • Payers: Cost savings through efficient care delivery, reduced hospital readmissions.

Slide 4: Deductible

  • Definition: The amount a patient must pay out-of-pocket before insurance coverage begins to pay for services.
  • Impact:
    • Patients: Financial burden if deductible is high; encourages cost-conscious healthcare choices.
    • Providers: May face delays in payments if patients struggle to meet deductibles.
    • Payers: Helps manage risk by ensuring patients share in initial healthcare costs.

Slide 5: Pre-Certification/Pre-Authorization/Pre-Notification

  • Definition:
    • Pre-Certification: Approval required before certain services are provided to ensure medical necessity.
    • Pre-Authorization: A broader process where insurers approve procedures, tests, or treatments in advance.
    • Pre-Notification: Informing the insurer of planned services (often required for non-emergency procedures).
  • Impact:
    • Patients: Potential delays in accessing care but helps ensure coverage and avoids unexpected costs.
    • Providers: Administrative burden to obtain approvals but ensures payment for services rendered.
    • Payers: Controls costs by ensuring only medically necessary services are covered.

Slide 6: Comparison Table

  • Use a table to summarize the impacts on patients, providers, and payers for all three topics.

Slide 7: Challenges and Opportunities

  • Challenges: Complexity for patients, administrative burden for providers, potential delays in care.
  • Opportunities: Improved care quality, cost management, and streamlined processes.

Slide 8: Conclusion

  • Recap the key points about ACOs, deductibles, and pre-certification.
  • Emphasize how these components align with the goals of managed healthcare.

Slide 9: Q&A Slide

  • Open the floor for questions from your audience.
 
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Assessing Organizational Risk Appetite

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Assessing Organizational Risk Appetite

(Assessing Organizational Risk Appetite)

Organizational Risk Appetite And Risk Assessment.

Imagine that a software development company has just appointed you to lead a risk assessment project. The Chief Information Officer (CIO) of the organization has seen reports of malicious activity on the rise and has become extremely concerned with the protection of the intellectual property and highly sensitive data maintained by your organization. The CIO has asked you to prepare a short document before your team begins working. She would like for you to provide an overview of what the term risk appetite means and a suggested process for determining the risk appetite for the company. Also, she would like for you to provide some information about the method(s) you intend to use in performing a risk assessment.

Risk Appetite: Establishing A Tolerance Level

Write a two to three page paper in which you:

  1. Analyze the term risk appetite. Then, suggest at least one practical example in which it applies.
  2. Recommend the key method(s) for determining the risk appetite of the company.
  3. Describe the process of performing a risk assessment.
  4. Elaborate on the approach you will use when performing the risk assessment.
  5. Use at least three quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar Websites do not qualify as quality resources.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

  • Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
  • Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

  • Describe the components and basic requirements for creating an audit plan to support business and system considerations.
  • Describe the parameters required to conduct and report on IT infrastructure audit for organizational compliance.
  • Use technology and information resources to research issues in security strategy and policy formation.
  • Write clearly and concisely about topics related to information technology audit and control using proper writing mechanics and technical style conventions.
 
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Exploring Atmospheric Heating Processes

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Exploring Atmospheric Heating Processes

(Exploring Atmospheric Heating Processes)

Geology lab

Please read details and requirements carefully. Rubric and copy of the chapter pages are attached.

Lab Exercise: Atmospheric Heating

We will construct a model of the earth’s surface/atmosphere to explore how energy drives weather.

Read Chapter 11 of the textbook.

Part 1. Please answer the following questions in your own words:

  1. Explain the water cycle.
  2. What is dew point?
  3. Which source would evaporate faster, lake water or groundwater, and why?
  4. How do plants contribute to moisture in the air?
  5. Climatically, what can happen to a region when there is heavy loss of forestland?
  6. How is water vapor removed from the air?

Materials:

  1. Three clear glass jars or drinking glasses
  2. Three small plates or bowls to be a ‘lid’ on top of the jar or drinking glass
  3. Chilled water, room temperature water, and hot tap water
  4. Ice

Procedure:

  1. In one jar, put chilled water to fill about ¼ of the jar.
  2. In the second jar, put room temperature water to fill about ¼ of the jar.
  3. In the third jar, put hot tap water to fill about ¼ of the jar.
  4. Cover jars with the plate or bowl with ice.
  5. Monitor the inside of the jars every ten minutes until the water temp in all jars is similar; make note of any changes you see.

Answer the following questions:

  1. How long did it take for moisture to accumulate on the inside of any of the jars, and which one was first?
  2. Did you observe any ‘rain’ in any of the jars, and if so, which jar(s)? If not, suggest a reason why not.
  3. What parts of Planet Earth might each of these jars mimic?
  4. Explain how the evaporation and condensation processes are at work in this experiment.

Part 2. In this experiment you will observe how entrapped water moves from land to the atmosphere, and determine how weather conditions affect this movement.

Materials:

  1. (4) one-gallon size zipper baggies
  2. 6 cups of dirt (sand, soil, potting soil, whatever is available)
  3. 3 cups of room temperature water
  4. 3 small twigs with leaves off a living plant
  5. Tape

Procedure:

  1. Place about 2 cups of dirt into 3 separate baggies.
  2. Place 2 cups of water in one bag, and 1 cup of water in a second bag.
  3. Place the three leafy twigs in the third bag. Seal each bag.
  4. Place the last bag over a leafy part of a living plant; use tape to prevent moisture leaving the bag.
  5. Place the three bags with dirt in a warm area, either in the sun, a sunny window, heat lamp, or heater vent for 8 hours, monitoring every 2 hours.
  6. Record the type of soil used, and the ambient temperature for all bags.
  7. Observe and record any changes to each bag every 2 hours.

Answer the following questions:

  1. Report your observations of this experiment.
  2. Explain how this experiment relates to drought conditions.
  3. What would happen if you increased the ambient temperature? What would happen if you decreased the ambient temperature?
  4. Compare what you found between the twig bag and the taped bag around the living branch? Were these the results you were expecting? Why or why not?
  5. Explain how you could set up a terrarium to account for the following; evaporation, condensation, precipitation, runoff, infiltration, and percolation.

Your paper should meet the following requirements:

Readings

Required

  • Chapters 12-14 in Foundations of Earth Science

Recommended

 
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ANOVA Analysis in Autism

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ANOVA Analysis in Autism

(ANOVA Analysis in Autism)

ANOVA Article Critique

Read the article “Cognitive Effects of Risperidone in Children with Autism and Irritable Behavior”, and identify the research questions and/or hypotheses as they are stated. Consider the following questions: What are the variables (sample sizes, population, treatments, etc.)? How was the analysis of variance used in this article (and what type of ANOVA was used)?

Write a two- to three-page paper presenting the information listed below. In addition, provide a title page and reference page in APA style. Cite any references made to the article within the body of the paper in APA style. Your paper should begin with an introductory paragraph (including a thesis statement) and end with a concluding paragraph summarizing the major points made in the body of the paper and reaffirming the thesis.

The body of your paper must:

  1. Determine what question(s) the authors are trying to answer by doing this research.
  2. Determine the hypothesis being tested and the concepts that were applied in this process.
  3. Evaluate the article and critique the statistical analysis employed in the study. Would you have included more and/or different variables? Explain your answer.
  4. Examine the assumptions and limitations of the statistical study. What would you have done differently in this case? Explain your answer.
  5. Identify how the authors applied statistical testing to the problem.
  6. Interpret the findings of the author(s) using statistical concepts.

Access the Critical Thinking Community (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. website for tips on how to formulate your thoughts and discussion of these questions in a logical and meaningful manner.

Writing the Article Critique
The Assignment:

  1. Must be two to three double-spaced pages in length (excluding title and reference pages), and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
  2. Must include a title page with the following:
    1. Title of paper
    2. Students name
    3. Course name and number
    4. Instructors name
    5. Date submitted
  3. Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
  4. Must include a separate reference page formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
 
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literature reviews & research designs

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literature reviews & research designs

(literature reviews & research designs)

Reflect: This week, we examined two critical processes in research: developing a thorough and systematic literature review and choosing an applicable research design. The literature review process can be tedious and involves many stages. The key here is to be prepared to create and edit multiple drafts and to evaluate the literature so that you have a holistic view of the relevant literature. Choosing the most appropriate research design is also a necessary and sufficient part of scholarly research. Whether you create a probabilistic hypothesis (directional, no-effect, relative, or conditional) or a deterministic hypothesis (necessary and/or sufficient) is very important because the type of hypothesis you utilize will ultimately influence what type of research design (qualitative, quantitative, or mixed) you choose. Your research design choices will also be driven by what you find in the literature review along with the nature of your research question and hypothesis. Finally, advice from your instructor and peers will always be needed and valuable during the research process and in this course.

Write: In your essay of at least 1000 words, based on your assigned paper, address the following:

  • Describe the family of theories that the literature review examines.
  • Discuss the major gap in scholarly knowledge that the research is attempting to fill in.
  • Identify the dependent variable (DV), independent variable (IV), and the level of measurement (LOM) of each of the variables.
  • Determine which of the six types of hypotheses (directional, no effect, directional, interactive, necessary, or sufficient) is examined.

The Literature Reviews and Research Designs paper

  • Must be at least 1000 words (not including title and references pages)
  • Must include a separate title page with the following:
    • Title of paper
    • Student’s name
    • Course name and number
    • Instructor’s name
    • Date submitted
  • Must use at least 4 appropriate sources.

Must document all sources in APA style

 
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Hawaiian Hibiscuits Marketing Plan

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Hawaiian Hibiscuits Marketing Plan

(Hawaiian Hibiscuits Marketing Plan)

Marketing plan of fake company.

Marketing Plan (Hypothetical Company)

Company fake name:Hawaiian Hibiscuits

Marijuana grower, manufacturer, producer and distributor of cannabis infused cookies, brownies, and scones.

For this assignment, you will document your hypothetical companys background information and mission statement, your companys short- and long-term goals, an environmental analysis, and a SWOT analysis.

Note: You should create and / or make all necessary assumptions needed for the completion of this assignment.

Instructions

Create the first part of your marketing plan:

Write an introduction to your company. Describe your hypothetical company, its location, and the product it makes or the service it provides, and introduce the contents of your marketing plan.

Develop your companys mission statement.

Decide the main goals that you would like to achieve within the next year (short term) and the main goals that you would like to achieve within the next five years (long term). Determine the most appropriate ways to measure both short- and long-term goals.

Note: Consider the following metrics: tracking downloads of website content, website visitors, increases in market share, customer value, new product /service adoption rates, retention, rate of growth compared to competition and the market, margin, and customer engagement.

Develop an environmental analysis that includes competitive, economic, political, legal, technological, and sociocultural forces.

Develop both a SWOT analysis and needs analysis for your product / service. Each analysis should examine three strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for your company.

Use at least three academic resources as quantitative marketing research to determine the feasibility of your product / service. These resources should be industry specific and relate to your chosen product / service.

Note: Wikipedia and other websites do not qualify as academic resources.

(Hawaiian Hibiscuits Marketing Plan)

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

Be typed, double-spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.

Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the students name, the professors name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

Analyze marketing environments and strategies used to strengthen product or service positioning.

a. Evaluate data and information on customer/consumer behavior.

b. Evaluate marketing research tools involved in the marketing process.

c. Examine the marketing science of customer behavior and products in the marketing exchange process.

Evaluate marketing strategies used to create/communicate customer value.

a. Analyze the marketing framework through a situation analysis.

Create an effective marketing plan.

a. Develop recommendations based on market analysis and strategy.

b. Develop strategies to assess performance and achieve marketing goals.

c. Develop dynamic strategies for competing.

(Hawaiian Hibiscuits Marketing Plan)

Points: 200 Assignment 1: Part A: Your Marketing Plan
Criteria Unacceptable

Below 70% F

 Fair

70-79% C

 Proficient

80-89% B

 Exemplary

90-100% A
1. Write an introduction to your company. Describe your hypothetical company, its location, and the product it makes or the service it provides, and introduce the contents of your marketing plan.

Weight: 10%

 Did not submit or incompletely wrote an introduction to the company. Did not submit or incompletely described the hypothetical company, its location, and the product it makes or the service it provides, and the contents of the marketing plan. Partially wrote an introduction to the company. Partially described the hypothetical company, its location, and the product it makes or the service it provides, and the contents of the marketing plan. Satisfactorily wrote an introduction to the company. Satisfactorily described the hypothetical company, its location, and the product it makes or the service it provides, and the contents of the marketing plan. Thoroughly wrote an introduction to the company. Thoroughly described the hypothetical company, its location, and the product it makes or the service it provides, and the contents of the marketing plan.
2. Develop your company’s mission statement.

Weight: 10%

 Did not submit or incompletely developed your companys mission statement. Partially developed your companys mission statement. Satisfactorily developed your companys mission statement. Thoroughly developed your companys mission statement.
3. Decide the main goals that you would like to achieve within the next year (short term) and the mains goals that you would like to achieve within the next five years (long term). Determine the most appropriate ways to measure both short- and long-term goals.

Weight: 10%

 Did not submit or incompletely decided the main goals to achieve within the next year (short term) and the mains goals to achieve within the next five years (long term). Did not submit or incompletely determined the most appropriate ways to measure both short- and long-term goals. Partially decided the main goals to achieve within the next year (short term) and the mains goals to achieve within the next five years (long term). Partially determined the most appropriate ways to measure both short- and long-term goals. Satisfactorily decided the main goals to achieve within the next year (short term) and the mains goals to achieve within the next five years (long term). Satisfactorily determined the most appropriate ways to measure both short- and long-term goals. Thoroughly decided the main goals to achieve within the next year (short term) and the mains goals to achieve within the next five years (long term). Thoroughly determined the most appropriate ways to measure both short- and long-term goals.
4. Develop an environmental analysis that includes competitive, economic, political, legal, technological, and sociocultural forces.

Weight: 25%

 Did not submit or incompletely developed an environmental analysis that includes competitive, economic, political, legal, technological, and sociocultural forces. Partially developed an environmental analysis that includes competitive, economic, political, legal, technological, and sociocultural forces. Satisfactorily developed an environmental analysis that includes competitive, economic, political, legal, technological, and sociocultural forces. Thoroughly developed an environmental analysis that includes competitive, economic, political, legal, technological, and sociocultural forces.
5. Develop both a SWOT analysis and needs analysis for your product / service. Each analysis should examine three strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for your company.

Weight: 25%

 Did not submit or incompletely developed both a SWOT analysis and needs analysis for the product / service. Did not submit or incompletely examined three strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for the company. Partially developed both a SWOT analysis and needs analysis for the product / service. Partially examined three strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for the company. Satisfactorily developed both a SWOT analysis and needs analysis for the product / service. Satisfactorily examined three strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for the company. Thoroughly developed both a SWOT analysis and needs analysis for the product / service. Thoroughly examined three strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for the company.
6. Citations and References / Information Literacy / Integration of Sources

Weight: 10%

 Lack of in-text citations and/or lack of reference section. Serious errors in the integration of sources, such as intentional or accidental plagiarism. In-text citations and references are provided, but they are only partially formatted correctly in APA style. Does not meet the required number of references; some or all references are poor-quality choices. Sources are partially integrated using effective techniques of quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing. Most in-text citations and references are provided, and they are generally formatted correctly in APA style. Meets number of required references; all references are high-quality choices. Sources are mostly integrated using effective techniques of quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing. In-text citations and references are error free and consistently formatted correctly in APA style. Exceeds number of required references; all references are high-quality choices. Sources are consistently integrated using effective techniques of quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing.
7. Clarity, Writing Mechanics, Grammar, and Formatting

Weight: 10%

 Information is confusing to the reader and fails to include reasons and evidence that logically support ideas. Serious and persistent errors in grammar, spelling, punctuation, or formatting. Information is partially clear with minimal reasons and evidence that logically support ideas. Partially free of errors in grammar, spelling, punctuation, or formatting. Information is mostly clear and generally supported with reasons and evidence that logically support ideas. Mostly free of errors in grammar, spelling, punctuation, or formatting. Information is provided in a clear, coherent, and consistent manner with reasons and evidence that logically support ideas. Error-free or almost error-free grammar, spelling, punctuation, or formatting.
 
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Exploring Complex Judicial Legacies

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Exploring Complex Judicial Legacies

(Exploring Complex Judicial Legacies)

Select any question from the list and Answer ONLY one question in 2 pages

1. Why was the Warren Court considered so controversial during in the late 1950s and 1960s? What was that ‘impeach Earl Warren’ thing about anyway? You may not use Brown v Topeka or Miranda v Arizona in your argument.

2. What is your current Best TV Program of all time in one of the following categories: Drama; Comedy; News Information or Documentary; Mini Series; Reality. Why are they your favorites and is there a cultural impact from that program?

3. Write a news paper Opinion-Editorial (Op-Ed) piece commenting (support or attack)on Dr King’s ‘Letters from a Birmingham Jail’

4. Select and Review any Documentary film that deals with subject matter, a figure or a concept from our course dates. You may only use the documentary option once during the cycle.

Exploring Complex Judicial Legacies.

The Warren Court and Its Controversy: A Legacy of ChangeThe Warren Court, under Chief Justice Earl Warren, was one of the most transformative and polarizing eras in U.S. Supreme Court history. From 1953 to 1969, the Court handed down decisions that fundamentally reshaped American society, sparking intense controversy. While many heralded its rulings as progressive and necessary for civil rights and individual freedoms, others viewed its decisions as judicial overreach, undermining traditional values and the principle of state sovereignty. This polarization fueled movements like the “Impeach Earl Warren” campaign, which became emblematic of conservative backlash against the Court’s perceived activism.

Key Decisions Fueling the ControversyThe Warren Court’s controversial reputation stemmed from landmark rulings that expanded civil liberties, redefined the relationship between the individual and the state, and addressed societal inequalities. Two significant cases that typify its bold approach, excluding Brown v. Board of Education and Miranda v. Arizona, are Engel v. Vitale (1962) and Reynolds v. Sims (1964).

In Engel v. Vitale, the Court ruled that it was unconstitutional for state officials to compose an official school prayer and encourage its recitation in public schools. This decision was based on the First Amendment’s Establishment Clause, reinforcing the separation of church and state. Many Americans, particularly conservative Christians, perceived this ruling as an attack on religious traditions and moral values in public life, leading to accusations that the Court was promoting secularism over faith.

Reynolds v. Sims addressed legislative apportionment, establishing the principle of “one person, one vote.” The Court held that state legislative districts must be roughly equal in population to ensure fair representation. This decision had profound political implications, diminishing the influence of rural areas and increasing the representation of urban and suburban populations. Critics argued that the Court was overstepping its authority and interfering with state governance, framing it as a direct assault on federalism.

The “Impeach Earl Warren” MovementThe “Impeach Earl Warren” campaign emerged as a rallying cry for those opposed to the Warren Court’s rulings. Led primarily by conservative groups, including the John Birch Society, this movement accused Warren of undermining American traditions and usurping legislative powers. They viewed the Court’s decisions as a threat to states’ rights, religious freedom, and societal stability. Billboards demanding Warren’s impeachment appeared across the country, reflecting widespread discontent among segments of the population.

The campaign also gained momentum in the context of the broader cultural and political upheavals of the 1960s. As the Civil Rights Movement, anti-war protests, and countercultural shifts challenged established norms, the Warren Court’s rulings became a lightning rod for conservative fears of rapid social change.

Legacy and Cultural ImpactDespite the controversy, the Warren Court’s legacy is undeniable. Its decisions laid the groundwork for greater protections of individual rights, the promotion of equality, and the reinforcement of constitutional principles in an evolving society. Critics may have decried its judicial activism, but many historians and legal scholars argue that the Court’s boldness was necessary to address systemic injustices that legislative and executive branches had failed to rectify.

The controversy surrounding the Warren Court reflects the broader tension between progress and tradition, centralization and decentralization, and activism versus restraint in the judiciary. While the “Impeach Earl Warren” campaign ultimately faded, the debates it symbolized continue to shape discussions about the role of the Supreme Court in American democracy.

 
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Calculating & Analyzing Healthcare Data

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Calculating & Analyzing Healthcare Data

(Calculating & Analyzing Healthcare Data)

Healthcare Statistics

  1. In this problem, you will calculate mean values for four independent samples and then explain the observed differences (please read the entire problem before beginning). Using the SWC data (SWC tab) in dataset DS2.xls, do the following:
    1. Select a 10% random sample of all cases and calculate the Mean for the IMR (infant mortality rate) for this sample. Record the mean. (2 points)
    2. Select a second 10% random sample and calculate the Mean for the IMR for this sample. Record the mean. (2 points)
    3. Select a third 10% random sample and calculate the Mean for the IMR for this sample. Record the mean. (2 points)
    4. Select a fourth 10% random sample and calculate the Mean for the IMR for this sample. Record the mean. (2 points)
    5. Create a table that displays the four means calculated above in parts a-d. Calculate the average of the four means (Mean-1, Mean-2, Mean-3, Mean-4) and add this figure to the table. Describe the mean values calculated and offer an explanation for any differences observed. That is, explain why the four means calculated in parts a-d are not exactly the same. Include a comment about the “fifth mean” (the average of the means calculated in parts a-d). (2 points)
  1. In the next two problems, you will calculate frequency distributions and express them in different kinds of charts. Using the Hospital Charges data in dataset DS2.xls, do the following:
    1. Compute the minimum and maximum age for the cases in the spreadsheet. (1 point)
    2. Create a frequency distribution of age using the following categories of age (<50, 50-64, 65-79, 80+). Compute percent and cumulative percent for each age category. (4 points)
    3. Label all elements in the frequency table. (2 points)
    4. Create a column chart of age (showing the number of cases in each age category). (1 point)
    5. Create a line chart of age (showing the number of cases in each age category). (1 point)
    6. Create a pie chart of age (showing the percent of cases in each age category). (1 point)
  1. Using Late Delivery data in dataset DS2.xls , do the following:
    1. Use the pivot table to create a frequency distribution for the reasons for the late delivery of the meal. (4 points)
    2. Sort the frequency distribution so that the reason with the most occurrences is first, the second next, and so on, and create a column chart showing the reasons from most to least. (3 points)
    3. Compute the cumulative frequency (%) for the data in (a) and construct a Pareto chart of the result. That is, create a line chart for cumulative frequency (%) and add this to the chart created in part 6.b. (3 points)

(Calculating & Analyzing Healthcare Data)

Responce.

Step 1: Calculate Means for Four 10% Random Samples of IMR (Infant Mortality Rate)

  1. Select a 10% random sample from the SWC data in DS2.xls.
    • In a tool like Excel or statistical software, randomly select 10% of the cases from the dataset. For example, if there are 1000 rows of data, you would select 100 random rows.
  2. Calculate the Mean for the IMR for the first sample.
    • Use the formula for the mean: Mean=∑IMRNumber of cases in the sample\text{Mean} = \frac{\sum \text{IMR}}{\text{Number of cases in the sample}}
    • Record this mean.
  3. Repeat the process for the second, third, and fourth random samples.
    • For each sample, select a different random set of 10% of cases and calculate the mean for the IMR.
  4. Create a Table:
    • The table should display the four means calculated. Below the four individual means, calculate the overall average of the four means.
    • The table might look like this:
    Sample Number Mean of IMR
    Mean-1 [Calculated Mean 1]
    Mean-2 [Calculated Mean 2]
    Mean-3 [Calculated Mean 3]
    Mean-4 [Calculated Mean 4]
    Average [Average of Means]
  5. Explanation of the Mean Values and Differences:
    • The four means are not exactly the same due to the nature of random sampling. Each sample is likely to have slight variations in the IMR values, which can affect the calculated mean. Random sampling can lead to differences in the subset of data selected, causing fluctuations in the results.

Step 2: Hospital Charges Data Analysis

  1. Compute the Minimum and Maximum Age:

Using the Hospital Charges data, find the minimum and maximum values for the age variable. This can be done using Excel functions like =MIN() and =MAX().

  1. Create a Frequency Distribution of Age:
    • The categories for age are:
      • <50
      • 50-64
      • 65-79
      • 80+
    • Count how many cases fall into each category and calculate the percentage and cumulative percentage. The formula for percent for each category is: Percent=Number of cases in categoryTotal number of cases×100\text{Percent} = \frac{\text{Number of cases in category}}{\text{Total number of cases}} \times 100
    • Cumulative percent can be calculated by adding the percentages progressively.

    Example frequency table:

    Age Category Frequency Percent Cumulative Percent
    <50 [Count] [Percent] [Cumulative Percent]
    50-64 [Count] [Percent] [Cumulative Percent]
    65-79 [Count] [Percent] [Cumulative Percent]
    80+ [Count] [Percent] [Cumulative Percent]
  2. Create Charts:
    • Column Chart: Display the number of cases in each age category.
    • Line Chart: Display the number of cases in each age category (useful for trends over categories).
    • Pie Chart: Show the percentage distribution of cases in each age category.

Step 3: Late Delivery Data Analysis

  1. Create a Pivot Table for Late Delivery Reasons:
    • In Excel, use the Pivot Table feature to group the reasons for late delivery and display the frequency of each reason.
  2. Sort the Frequency Distribution:
    • Sort the reasons in descending order by frequency (most occurrences first). This can be done in Excel by sorting the Pivot Table.
  3. Cumulative Frequency and Pareto Chart:
    • Compute the cumulative frequency percentage for the reasons.
    • Use a line chart to show the cumulative frequency percentages and combine it with the column chart of frequencies, creating a Pareto chart (a combination of a bar chart and a line chart).

    Example Pareto Chart Structure:

    • The bar chart will show frequencies for each reason (from most to least).
    • The line chart will overlay the cumulative percentage of these frequencies.

Summary:

For each part of this assignment, you need to follow the steps above to calculate the means, create frequency distributions, and build appropriate charts to visualize the data. Tools like Excel or any statistical software (such as SPSS, R, or Python) will be helpful to compute the values and generate the charts.

 
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International business communications essay

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International business communications essay

(International business communications essay)

Within the Discussion Board area, write 300-350 words that respond to the following questions with your thoughts, ideas, and comments. This will be the foundation for future discussions by your classmates. Be substantive and clear, and use examples to reinforce your ideas.

Idea:

In preparing to launch the coffee franchises in China, Mexico, and Saudi Arabia, you are planning to visit each country to interview potential global team members. You know it is important to be aware of the value differences and social customs in each country to develop trusting relationships to avoid potential conflicts. Compare and contrast your approach to doing business and building relationships among the global team members. Apply the readings, Intellipath, and library resources to respond to the following:

  • Discuss collectivism and how it applies to China, Mexico, and Saudi Arabia. Explain the role of relationship building in China, Mexico, and Saudi Arabia compared to the United States.
  • Explain the cultural value differences in time (monochronic versus polychronic cultures), approaches to decision making (objective or subjective approach), and individualism that could potentially occur during global operations.
  • What are some of the nonverbal behavior differences among the countries such as silence, eye contact, body movements, proxemics or interruptions that may affect doing business with your global team?

responce.

When preparing to launch coffee franchises in China, Mexico, and Saudi Arabia, understanding cultural values and social customs is crucial for building strong, trusting relationships and avoiding conflicts. These three countries differ from the United States in several cultural aspects, including collectivism, time orientation, decision-making, and nonverbal communication.

Collectivism and Relationship Building
In contrast to the United States, which tends to emphasize individualism, China, Mexico, and Saudi Arabia lean more towards collectivism, where the group’s well-being is prioritized over individual interests. In China, collectivism is deeply ingrained in the culture, and relationships are built on mutual trust and respect for hierarchy. Business meetings often involve a significant amount of socializing before any serious discussion, as getting to know the person is essential. Similarly, Mexico places a high value on family and community, where personal relationships often precede business negotiations. Trust-building is a gradual process, and a deep connection with partners or colleagues is necessary for long-term success. In Saudi Arabia, relationships are based on respect for authority and hierarchy, with trust built slowly. Family and tribal bonds play a crucial role in business interactions, and personal meetings are preferred to virtual communication. In contrast, the United States focuses more on efficiency and directness in building business relationships, where time spent on getting to know people can be less important.

Cultural Value Differences in Time and Decision Making
Monochronic vs. Polychronic Time is another area where differences arise. The United States typically values monochronic time, where tasks are completed one at a time, and punctuality is important. However, in China and Mexico, polychronic time prevails, with multiple tasks being handled simultaneously, and time may be seen more fluidly. Saudi Arabia also leans toward a polychronic culture, where flexibility with time is expected, and meetings might not start or end as scheduled.
Decision-making processes also differ. In China and Saudi Arabia, decision-making tends to be subjective, influenced by social status and relationships. In Mexico, decisions may involve consultation with family or trusted associates. In contrast, the United States typically emphasizes objective decision-making based on facts and efficiency.

Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal cues can significantly impact cross-cultural communication. In China, silence can indicate thoughtfulness or disagreement, and maintaining indirect eye contact is respectful. In Mexico, physical touch and close proximity are common in conversations, whereas Saudi Arabia tends to value personal space and limited eye contact, especially between opposite genders. Interruptions may be seen as rude in China, but in Mexico and Saudi Arabia, they might not carry the same negative connotation. Understanding these nonverbal cues is vital for effective communication in a global team.

In conclusion, adapting to these cultural nuances is essential for fostering successful business relationships and smooth operations in global markets.

 
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Impact of Gentrification on Displacement

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Impact of Gentrification on Displacement

(Impact of Gentrification on Displacement)

A draft of the final paper should focus on a given topic chosen by the students (for example, gentrification and displacement). The draft should be no more than four-pages long. The draft should define the topic and the premises of the topic; student should use the premises to define what interests them the most and use evidence to show this interest. Due Date: July 26, 2018; Return Date: July 30, 2018.

Note: These four-pages should not be outlined in bulletin points (for the obvious reason that it is a writing course). They should also not include the bibliography page, which should not be a listing of what I assign for this class. The bibliography should be the result of your research into the topic; therefore, it should demonstrate your understanding of certain areas within the larger discussion of gentrification. Further, the bibliography should involve both newspaper sources as well as scholarly written articles; if you do not understand the differences, you discuss this matter with the school librarians who can be reached over email or the phone (easily).

Your topic should be relevant to this class. However, given that we are discussing the formation of race, you should also take this into consideration while formulating your topic. The following is a brief list of topics that you can research into:

1. the role of domestic and foreign investment in gentrification (with a specific area);

4. the role of rezoning in gentrification within a specific area;

3. the history of gentrification in a specific area and how it is linked with the history of gentrification in other areas of NYC;

4. NYC politics, politicians, local community groups role in the gentrification of a specific area.

If your draft is not acceptable, you will need to revise your draft as a draft. When you revise your draft, it does not make it a final draft. You are simply working on it as a draft.

Responce.(Impact of Gentrification on Displacement)

1. Introduction:

  • Define Gentrification: Begin by clearly defining gentrification—its process and impact on neighborhoods. You can define gentrification as the transformation of a neighborhood through the influx of more affluent residents, leading to displacement of existing lower-income residents, often people of color.
  • Introduce the Topic: Briefly introduce your topic within the context of race, investment, or local politics, considering how these elements shape the process of gentrification.
  • Thesis Statement: End the introduction with your thesis statement. For instance, “This paper will examine the role of foreign and domestic investment in driving gentrification in Harlem, exploring how economic forces contribute to racial displacement.”

2. Body Paragraphs:

A. Background on Gentrification:

  • Provide a brief history of gentrification in your chosen area (e.g., Harlem, Brooklyn, or another part of NYC).
  • Mention how gentrification has evolved over time, highlighting key moments or policies (e.g., rezoning, urban renewal).

B. Domestic and Foreign Investment:

  • Focus on the role of domestic (local) and foreign investments in gentrification. What types of investments (real estate, businesses, etc.) have driven changes in your area?
  • Explain how these investments affect local communities, especially in relation to displacement and changes in the demographic makeup.
  • Include evidence from scholarly sources and newspapers to highlight different perspectives (e.g., an article on luxury apartments being built in a once-working-class neighborhood).

C. The Role of Race and Politics:

  • Discuss the racial implications of gentrification in the area. For example, who is most affected by displacement, and how does race factor into the process?
  • Explain the role of local politics and policies in either mitigating or accelerating gentrification. Discuss the involvement of local politicians, community groups, and any zoning changes that may have contributed to the process.

D. Specific Case Study (if applicable):

  • If your topic includes a specific case study (e.g., gentrification in a specific NYC neighborhood), provide detailed analysis and evidence that supports your claims. How has this specific case unfolded in relation to the broader national or global trends in gentrification?

3. Conclusion:

  • Summarize Main Points: Briefly restate the main points you’ve made in your paper, without introducing new information.
  • Implications and Reflection: Reflect on the broader implications of gentrification for racial equity, social justice, and urban development. End with a call to action or a question for further study.

4. Bibliography:

  • Research: Include scholarly articles, books, and newspaper sources that offer insight into gentrification and its relation to race. You might consult sources like The New York Times, academic journals on urban studies, or books on the history of urban development.
  • Formatting: Ensure your bibliography follows the required format (likely MLA or APA, depending on your class requirements) and includes a mix of scholarly and news articles.
 
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