PHI Privacy & Security Guidelines

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PHI Privacy & Security Guidelines

(PHI Privacy & Security Guidelines)

Assessment 2 Instructions: Protected Health Information (PHI): Privacy, Security, and Confidentiality Best Practices

Prepare a 2-page interprofessional staff update on HIPAA and appropriate social media use in health care. As you begin to consider the assessment, it would be an excellent choice to complete the Breach of Protected Health Information (PHI) activity. This will support your success with the assessment by creating the opportunity for you to test your knowledge of potential privacy, security, and confidentiality violations of protected health information. The activity is not graded and counts towards course engagement.

Health professionals today are increasingly accountable for the use of protected health information (PHI). Various government and regulatory agencies promote and support privacy and security through a variety of activities. Examples include: meaningful use of electronic health records (EHR), provision of EHR incentive programs through Medicare and Medicaid, enforcement of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) rules, and the release of educational resources and tools to help providers and hospitals address privacy, security, and confidentiality risks in their practices.

Technological advances, such as the use of social media platforms and applications for patient progress tracking and communication, have provided more access to health information and improved communication between care providers and patients. At the same time, advances such as these have resulted in more risk for protecting PHI. Nurses typically receive annual training on protecting patient information in their everyday practice. This training usually emphasizes privacy, security, and confidentiality best practices such as keeping passwords secure, logging out of public computers, and sharing patient information only with those directly providing care or who have been granted permission to receive this information.

Today, one of the major risks associated with privacy and confidentiality of patient identity and data relates to social media. Many nurses and other health care providers place themselves at risk when they use social media or other electronic communication systems inappropriately. For example, a Texas nurse was recently terminated for posting patient vaccination information on Facebook. In another case, a New York nurse was terminated for posting an insensitive emergency department photo on her Instagram account.

Health care providers today must develop their skills in mitigating risks to their patients and themselves related to patient information. At the same time, they need to be able to distinguish between effective and ineffective uses of social media in health care. This assessment will require you to develop a staff update for the interprofessional team to encourage team members to protect the privacy, confidentiality, and security of patient information.

Demonstration of Proficiency
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:

  • Competency 1: Describe nurses’ and the interdisciplinary team’s role in informatics with a focus on electronic health information and patient care technology to support decision making. Describe the security, privacy, and confidentiality laws related to protecting sensitive electronic health information that govern the interdisciplinary team. Explain the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration to safeguard sensitive electronic health information.
  • Competency 2: Implement evidence-based strategies to effectively manage protected health information. Identify evidence-based approaches to mitigate risks to patients and health care staff related to sensitive electronic health information. Develop a professional, effective staff update that educates interprofessional team members about protecting the security, privacy, and confidentiality of patient data, particularly as it pertains to social media usage.
  • Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication to facilitate use of health information and patient care technologies. Follow APA style and formatting guidelines for citations and references. Create a clear, concise, well-organized, and professional staff update that is generally free from errors in grammar, punctuation, and spelling.

Preparation(PHI Privacy & Security Guidelines)
To successfully prepare to complete this assessment, complete the following:

  • Review the infographics on protecting PHI provided in the resources for this assessment, or find other infographics to review. These infographics serve as examples of how to succinctly summarize evidence-based information.
  • Analyze these infographics, and distill them into five or six principles of what makes them effective. As you design your interprofessional staff update, apply these principles. Note: In a staff update, you will not have all the images and graphics that an infographic might contain. Instead, focus your analysis on what makes the messaging effective.

Select from any of the following options, or a combination of options, the focus of your interprofessional staff update: social media best practices, what not to do: social media, social media risks to patient information, or steps to take if a breach occurs.

Conduct independent research on the topic you have selected in addition to reviewing the suggested resources for this assessment. This information will serve as the source(s) of the information contained in your interprofessional staff update. Consult the BSN Program Library Research Guide for help in identifying scholarly and/or authoritative sources.

Instructions
In this assessment, assume you are a nurse in an acute care, community, school, nursing home, or other health care setting. Before your shift begins, you scroll through Facebook and notice that a coworker has posted a photo of herself and a patient on Facebook. The post states, “I am so happy Jane is feeling better. She is just the best patient I’ve ever had, and I am excited that she is on the road to recovery.”

You have recently completed your annual continuing education requirements at work and realize this is a breach of your organization’s social media policy. Your organization requires employees to immediately report such breaches to the privacy officer to ensure the post is removed immediately and that the nurse responsible receives appropriate corrective action. You follow appropriate organizational protocols and report the breach to the privacy officer. The privacy officer takes swift action to remove the post. Due to the severity of the breach, the organization terminates the nurse.

Based on this incident’s severity, your organization has established a task force with two main goals: educate staff on HIPAA and appropriate social media use in health care, and prevent confidentiality, security, and privacy breaches. The task force has been charged with creating a series of interprofessional staff updates on the following topics: social media best practices, what not to do: social media, social media risks to patient information, and steps to take if a breach occurs.

You are asked to select one of the topics, or a combination of several topics, and create the content for a staff update containing a maximum of two content pages. When distributed to interprofessional team members, the update will consist of one double-sided page. The task force has asked team members assigned to the topics to include the following content in their updates in addition to content on their selected topic(s):

  • What is protected health information (PHI)? Be sure to include essential HIPAA information.
  • What are privacy, security, and confidentiality? Define and provide examples of privacy, security, and confidentiality concerns related to the use of the technology in health care.
  • Explain the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration to safeguard sensitive electronic health information.
  • What evidence relating to social media usage and PHI do interprofessional team members need to be aware of? For example:
    • How many nurses have been terminated for inappropriate social media usage in the United States?
    • What types of sanctions have health care organizations imposed on interdisciplinary team members who have violated social media policies?
    • What have been the financial penalties assessed against health care organizations for inappropriate social media usage?
    • What evidence-based strategies have health care organizations employed to prevent or reduce confidentiality, privacy, and security breaches, particularly related to social media usage?

Notes(PHI Privacy & Security Guidelines)
Your staff update is limited to two double-spaced content pages. Be selective about the content you choose to include in your update so that you are able to meet the page length requirement. Include need-to-know information. Leave out nice-to-know information.

Many times, people do not read staff updates, do not read them carefully, or do not read them to the end. Ensure your staff update piques staff members’ interest, highlights key points, and is easy to read. Avoid overcrowding the update with too much content.

Also, supply a separate reference page that includes 2–3 peer-reviewed and 1–2 non-peer-reviewed resources (for a total of 3–5 resources) to support the staff update content.

Additional Requirements

  • Written communication: Ensure the staff update is free from errors that detract from the overall message.
  • Submission length: Maximum of two double-spaced content pages.
  • Font and font size: Use Times New Roman, 12-point.
  • Citations and references: Provide a separate reference page that includes 2–3 current, peer-reviewed and 1–2 current, non-peer-reviewed in-text citations and references (total of 3–5 resources) that support the staff update’s content. Current means no older than 5 years.
  • APA format: Be sure your citations and references adhere to APA format. Consult the APA Style and Form.
 
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Culturally Sensitive Health Assessments

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Culturally Sensitive Health Assessments

(Culturally Sensitive Health Assessments)

Assessing and Treating Patients With Anxiety Disorders

Examine Case Study: A Middle-Aged Caucasian Man With Anxiety (https://mym.cdn.laureate-media.com/2dett4d/Walden/NURS/6630/DT/week_05/index.html). You will be asked to make three decisions concerning the medication to prescribe to this patient. Be sure to consider factors that might impact the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes. At each decision point, you should evaluate all options before selecting your decision and moving throughout the exercise. Before you make your decision, make sure that you have researched each option and that you evaluate the decision that you will select. Be sure to research each option using the primary literature.

Introduction to the case 

Briefly explain and summarize the case for this Assignment. Be sure to include the specific patient factors that may impact your decision-making when prescribing medication for this patient.

Decision #1 

Which decision did you select? Why did you select this decision? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.

Why did you not select the other two options provided in the exercise? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.

What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources (including the primary literature).

Explain how ethical considerations may impact your treatment plan and communication with patients. Be specific and provide examples.

Decision #2 

Why did you select this decision? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.

Why did you not select the other two options provided in the exercise? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.

What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources (including the primary literature).

Explain how ethical considerations may impact your treatment plan and communication with patients. Be specific and provide examples.

Decision #3 

Why did you select this decision? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.

Why did you not select the other two options provided in the exercise? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.

What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources (including the primary literature).

Explain how ethical considerations may impact your treatment plan and communication with patients. Be specific and provide examples.

Conclusion 

Summarize your recommendations on the treatment options you selected for this patient. Be sure to justify your recommendations and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.

Add more references as needed.

References

Bui, E., Pollack, M. H., Kinrys, G., Delong, H., Vasconcelos e S, D., & Simon, N. M. (2016). The pharmacotherapy of anxiety disorders. In T. A. Stern, M. Favo, T. E. Wilens, & J. F. Rosenbaum (Eds.), Massachusetts General Hospital psychopharmacology and neurotherapeutics (pp. 61–71). Elsevier.

Bendek, D. M., Friedman, M. J., Zatzick, D., & Ursano, R. J. (n.d.). Guideline watch (March 2009): Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. Retrieved from https://psychiatryonline.org/pb/assets/raw/sitewide/practice_guidelines/guidelines/acutestressdisorderptsd-watch.pdf

Ostacher, M. J., & Cifu, A. S. (2019). Management of posttraumatic stress disorder. JAMA, 321(2), 200–201. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.19290

 
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Diversity and Health Assessments

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Diversity and Health Assessments

Diversity and Health Assessments

TJ, a 32-year-old pregnant lesbian, is being seen for an annual physical exam and has been having vaginal discharge. Her pregnancy has been without complication thus far. She has been receiving prenatal care from an obstetrician. She received sperm from a local sperm bank. She is currently taking prenatal vitamins and takes over the counter Tylenol for aches and pains on occasion. She has a strong family history of diabetes. Gravida 1; Para 0; Abortions 0.

May 2012, Alice Randall wrote an article for The New York Times on the cultural factors that encouraged black women to maintain a weight above what is considered healthy. Randall explained—from her observations and her personal experience as a black woman—that many African-American communities and cultures consider women who are overweight to be more beautiful and desirable than women at a healthier weight. As she put it, “Many black women are fat because we want to be” (Randall, 2012).

Photo Credit: Getty Images

Randall’s statements sparked a great deal of controversy and debate; however, they emphasize an underlying reality in the healthcare field: different populations, cultures, and groups have diverse beliefs and practices that impact their health. Nurses and healthcare professionals should be aware of this reality and adapt their health assessment techniques and recommendations to accommodate diversity.

In this Discussion, you will consider different socioeconomic, spiritual, lifestyle, and other cultural factors that should be taken into consideration when building a health history for patients with diverse backgrounds. Your Instructor will assign a case study to you for this Discussion.

To prepare: Reflect on your experiences as a nurse and on the information provided in this week’s Learning Resources on diversity issues in health assessments. By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned a case study by your Instructor. Note: Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your case study assignment.

Reflect on the specific socioeconomic, spiritual, lifestyle, and other cultural factors related to the health of the patient assigned to you. Consider how you would build a health history for the patient. What questions would you ask, and how would you frame them to be sensitive to the patient’s background, lifestyle, and culture? Develop five targeted questions you would ask the patient to build his or her health history and to assess his or her health risks.

Think about the challenges associated with communicating with patients from a variety of specific populations. What strategies can you as a nurse employ to be sensitive to different cultural factors while gathering the pertinent information?

By Day 3 of Week 2 Post an explanation of the specific socioeconomic, spiritual, lifestyle, and other cultural factors associated with the patient you were assigned. Explain the issues that you would need to be sensitive to when interacting with the patient, and why. Provide at least five targeted questions you would ask the patient to build his or her health history and to assess his or her health risks.

References.

 
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Patient Preferences & Decision Making

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Patient Preferences & Decision Making

(Patient Preferences & Decision Making)

Discussion: Patient Preferences & Decision Making

Evidence – based project

Changes in culture and technology have resulted in patient populations that are often well informed and educated, even before consulting or considering a healthcare need delivered by a health professional. Fueled by this, health professionals are increasingly involving patients in treatment decisions. However, this often comes with challenges, as illnesses and treatments can become complex.

What has your experience been with patient involvement in treatment or healthcare decisions? In this Discussion, you will share your experiences and consider the impact of patient involvement (or lack of involvement). You will also consider the use of a patient decision aid to inform best practices for patient care and healthcare decision making.

To Prepare:

  • Review the Resources and reflect on a time when you experienced a patient being brought into (or not being brought into) a decision regarding their treatment plan.
  • Review the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute’s Decision Aids Inventory at https://decisionaid.ohri.ca/.
    • Choose “For Specific Conditions,” then Browse an alphabetical listing of decision aids by health topic.

NOTE: To ensure compliance with HIPAA rules, please DO NOT use the patient’s real name or any information that might identify the patient or organization/practice.

By Day 3 of Week 8

Post a brief description of the situation you experienced and explain how incorporating or not incorporating patient preferences and values impacted the outcome of their treatment plan. Be specific and provide examples. Then, explain how including patient preferences and values might impact the trajectory of the situation and how these were reflected in the treatment plan. Finally, explain the value of the patient decision aid you selected and how it might contribute to effective decision making, both in general and in the experience you described. Describe how you might use this decision aid inventory in your professional practice or personal life.

Assignment: Evidence-Based Project, Part 5: Recommending an Evidence-Based Practice Change

The collection of evidence is an activity that occurs with an endgame in mind. For example, law enforcement professionals collect evidence to support a decision to charge those accused of criminal activity. Similarly, evidence-based healthcare practitioners collect evidence to support decisions in pursuit of specific healthcare outcomes.

In this Assignment, you will identify an issue or opportunity for change within your healthcare organization and propose an idea for a change in practice supported by an EBP approach.

To Prepare:

  • Reflect on the four peer-reviewed articles you critically appraised in Module 4.
  • Reflect on your current healthcare organization and think about potential opportunities for evidence-based change.

The Assignment: (Evidence-Based Project) Part 5: Recommending an Evidence-Based Practice Change

Create an 8- to 9-slide PowerPoint presentation in which you do the following:

  • Briefly describe your healthcare organization, including its culture and readiness for change. (You may opt to keep various elements of this anonymous, such as your company name.)
  • Describe the current problem or opportunity for change. Include in this description the circumstances surrounding the need for change, the scope of the issue, the stakeholders involved, and the risks associated with change implementation in general.
  • Propose an evidence-based idea for a change in practice using an EBP approach to decision making. Note that you may find further research needs to be conducted if sufficient evidence is not discovered.
  • Describe your plan for knowledge transfer of this change, including knowledge creation, dissemination, and organizational adoption and implementation.
  • Describe the measurable outcomes you hope to achieve with the implementation of this evidence-based change.
  • Be sure to provide APA citations of the supporting evidence-based peer-reviewed articles you selected to support your thinking.
  • Add a lessons learned section that includes the following:
    • A summary of the critical appraisal of the peer-reviewed articles you previously submitted.
    • An explanation about what you learned from completing the evaluation table (1 slide).
    • An explanation about what you learned from completing the levels of evidence table (1 slide).
    • An explanation about what you learned from completing the outcomes synthesis table (1 slide).

Required Readings

Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer. Chapter 7, “Patient Concerns, Choices and Clinical Judgement in Evidence-Based Practice” (pp. 219–232).

Hoffman, T. C., Montori, V. M., & Del Mar, C. (2014). The connection between evidence-based medicine and shared decision making. Journal of the American Medical Association, 312(13), 1295–1296. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.10186. Retrieved from https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/1910118 Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Kon, A. A., Davidson, J. E., Morrison, W., Danis, M., & White, D. B. (2016). Shared decision making in intensive care units: An American College of Critical Care Medicine and American Thoracic Society policy statement. Critical Care Medicine, 44(1), 188–201. doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000001396. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4788386/ Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Opperman, C., Liebig, D., Bowling, J., & Johnson, C. S., & Harper, M. (2016). Measuring return on investment for professional development activities: Implications for practice. Journal for Nurses in Professional Development, 32(4), 176–184. doi:10.1097/NND.0000000000000483 Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Schroy, P. C., Mylvaganam, S., & Davidson, P. (2014). Provider perspectives on the utility of a colorectal cancer screening decision aid for facilitating shared decision making. Health Expectations, 17(1), 27–35. doi:10.1111/j.1369-7625.2011.00730.x Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

 
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Poverty’s Impact on Aging

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Poverty’s Impact on Aging

(Poverty’s Impact on Aging)

Poverty significantly impacts the aging process, influencing both physical and mental health. Older adults living in poverty often experience limited access to essential resources such as nutritious food, medical care, and safe housing. This deprivation exacerbates health issues, leading to higher incidences of chronic illnesses like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension. The lack of adequate healthcare can result in delayed or insufficient treatment, worsening overall health outcomes.

Children in poverty | PPT

Social isolation is another consequence of poverty that affects older adults. Limited financial resources often restrict social interactions and access to community programs, fostering feelings of loneliness and depression. Mental health issues are compounded by the stress of financial insecurity, contributing to cognitive decline and reduced quality of life.

Additionally, older adults in poverty face barriers in accessing preventive services and medications that could mitigate age-related issues. This can accelerate physical deterioration and increase dependence on caregivers, who are often equally burdened by financial strain. The interplay of these factors not only reduces life expectancy but also the years spent in good health.

Addressing these challenges requires targeted public health initiatives and policies that focus on improving access to healthcare, nutrition, and social support to promote healthy aging and reduce the disparities faced by older adults living in poverty.

 

Discussion:Healthy aging is an important public health issue, both nationally and internationally. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes healthy aging as a process whereby all people of all ages are able to live a healthy, safe and socially inclusive lifestyle.

Discuss how social determinants of health for the older adult are impacted for those living in poverty.

Instructions:Word limit 500 words.  Support your answers with the literature and provide citations and references in APA format.

Reference.

World Health Organization (WHO) – Healthy Aging:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) – Social Determinants of Health:

 
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Crisis Management in Daycare Disaster

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Crisis Management in Daycare Disaster

(Crisis Management in Daycare Disaster)

Crisis management in a daycare setting requires a strategic plan focused on ensuring the safety and well-being of children, staff, and families during a disaster. An effective crisis plan should include clear procedures for evacuation, shelter-in-place, communication, and emergency supplies. Staff training is crucial so that everyone knows their roles in a crisis and can act quickly to protect children. Regular drills, such as fire and tornado drills, help reinforce these procedures and reduce panic in real situations.

Communication with parents is also essential. Daycares should maintain up-to-date contact information and have a communication plan to keep families informed during and after a crisis, whether through texts, calls, or an emergency notification system. Establishing a safe reunification process ensures that children are safely returned to their guardians.

Post-disaster, it’s important to provide emotional support and counseling for children and staff, as disasters can be traumatic. A review of the crisis response should follow to identify lessons learned and improve the plan for future incidents. By prioritizing preparedness, training, and communication, daycares can effectively manage crises and maintain a safe environment for all involved.

(Crisis Management in Daycare Disaster)

Comprehensive AssessmentViewÿthis breaking news announcement.Disaster Report: Healthcare Learning InnovationsYou have arrived at the scene of a hostile situation at ABC Daycare in Sentinel City?.

Little detail of the situation is known.ÿ Enter Sentinel City?, visit the area near ABC Day care.

Observe the services, routes and populations that may be involved as a result of this situation.As the lead healthcare provider, you will oversee the situation outside of the daycare.ÿ You need to organize and contain the situation and may be working with unknown and potential critical situations.Observe and assess the scene and surrounding areas? How are you going to address the scenario?

Explain the leadership skills you will use.

Using your knowledge of community health, explain the potential public health effects or environmental hazards from this situation. For example, if disease or illness results from the release of an infectious agent.

Who are the members of the emergency management team?Assess what services and resources that might be needed.

Explain how you would address family members or the media arriving at the scene.Additional Instructions:All submissions should have a title page and reference page.Utilize a minimum of two scholarly resources.Adhere to grammar, spelling and punctuation criteria.Adhere to APA compliance guidelines.Adhere to the chosen Submission Option for Delivery of Activity guidelines.Submission Option:Instruction:Paper9 to 10-page paper. Include title and reference pages.Attachments areaPreview YouTube video Disaster Report: Healthcare Learning InnovationsDisaster Report: Healthcare Learning Innovations

 
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Spiritual Support in Disasters

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Spiritual Support in Disasters

(Spiritual Support in Disasters)

How can a community health nurse assist in the spiritual care of the individual, community, self, and colleagues?

A disaster is a sudden calamity that occurs in an environment and causes huge destruction and loss (Falkner, 2018). The cause of a disaster can be natural or man-made. Either way, the impact of disasters can last a lifetime, and this includes the spiritual, physical, and mental health aspects of victims and their families. Public health nurses must learn to assess and identify the strengths and weaknesses of the coping mechanisms of victims experiencing or suffering from the impact of a disaster. During assessment, it is important to acknowledge the need for spiritual support, notify the family and victim that arrangements can always be made for a chaplain to visit, comfort, and pray with the victims as required and requested (Falkner, 2018). Cultural diversities need to be acknowledged too because people express their pain and grieve differently. Nurses should take time to be there to listen to victims because sometimes they just need a listening ear and someone by them, since they might not have the opportunity to have a support system.When a disaster occurs, lives are lost, businesses and infrastructure are lost, putting individuals in a long-lasting grieving process, some people lose their homes and jobs, making them jobless, and poverty makes them become homeless. This affects the individual’s ability to care for themselves and talk less about their family responsibilities. These are devastating attributes that make victims vulnerable to mental impairments and affect the wellbeing of individuals. In such times, nurses must spiritually support each other and the public by providing and advocating for spiritual care. Evidence has shown that spiritual care may serve as a coping resource, enhance pain management, reduce the risk of depression, and reduce the risk of substance abuse and suicide (Elk, Hall, DeGregory, Graham, Hughes, 2017).It is very important for nurses to be versed in spiritual care to provide quality care in case of disasters. The spiritual care can be provided by screening the victim’s religious to identify spiritual preferences, supporting and respecting the victim’s religion, providing individualized patient care, and referring patients to chaplains and churches around the community, which is a good resource for victims in need of emotional and mental disabilities from a disaster (Elk et al., 2017).Respond using 200-300 words in APA format with references to support this discussion.What spiritual considerations surrounding a disaster can arise for individuals, communities, and health care providers? Explain your answer in the context of a natural or manmade disaster. How can a community health nurse assist in the spiritual care of the individual, community, self, and colleagues?

 
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Reaction paper Assignment

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Reaction paper Assignment
Reaction paper Assignment

REACTION PAPER INSTRUCTIONS:
READ these instructions FIRST AND EARLY IN THE SEMESTER – before submitting the Reaction Paper or Reaction Paper Discussion Assignments..
After reading this in its entirety, to submit the Reaction Paper and Reaction Paper Discussion Assignments – scroll down.

Your Reaction Paper must include a minimum of 500 words.

TO BE GRADED, you must submit your Reaction Paper by 6/10/18 TO BOTH the Reaction Paper Drop Box AND the Reaction Paper Discussion Board.

 

You will self-select each topic for your reaction papers from topics covered in course material and / or the course text.

All material paraphrased and / or quoted within the Reaction paper and Reaction Paper Discussion Forums (including material from the online course components and / or the course text) must be properly cited and referenced following APA 6.0. A Reference listing must be included at the end of the submitted Reaction Paper / Reaction Paper Discussion Submission that includes APA 6.0 references for all sources discussed in the submission (including the course text / online course material). NO MORE THAN 1 QUOTE MAY BE INCLUDED IN THIS REACTION PAPER. Paraphrase appropriately and cite / reference any source material discussed following APA 6.0 Guidelines. Use of any other formatting guideline (e.g., MLA, Chicago) will result in substantial GRADE REDUCTIONS! Detected cheating and / or plagiarism on assignments will result in grades of “F” per assignment and may result in further disciplinary action as identified within the Student Code of Conduct.

To complete the Reaction Paper, fully address how a particular topic that you have learned about through course material / the course text can be related to / help you discuss / explain / understand a personally relevant life experience of your own / another person personally, socially, professionally, with community activities, etc. As you write your Reaction Paper, be sure to name and describe, in your own words, the topic that you selected from course material / the text, being sure to include citations and related references for your paraphrased description of the topic. Next, summarize the personally relevant life experience, and fully explain how and why this personal experience is an example of and / or can be explained by the course topic.

Reaction papers ARE NOT “research papers.” “Research papers” fully address the scholarly research about a particular topic. “Reaction Papers” very quickly summarize a topic (e.g., in one paragraph) and then, throughout the bulk of the remainder of the paper, demonstrate how and why the topic applies to personally relevant, “real-life” experience.

To submit the Reaction Paper Assignment:

  1. Access the Reaction Paper Dropbox by clicking on the title below OR by clicking on the “Reaction Paper and Research Project Assignments” link in the left hand column of the course home screen
  2. Submit your Reaction Paper within the text box provided by no later than the Reaction Paper assignment due date / time.
  3. ALSO, access the Reaction Paper Discussion Forum by clicking on the title above and click “post” to submit the Reaction Paper to the respective Reaction Paper Discussion Board by no later than the Reaction Paper assignment due date / time.
    1. DO BOTH – post the paper within the submission dropbox AND post the paper to the appropriate Discussion Forum by the Reaction Paper Due Date so that other students can read / reply to your reaction paper assignment.
    2. Do NOT submit Reaction Papers in either the Dropbox or the Discussion Forum as “attachments” – also, DO NOT email Reaction Papers to me. Attachments / emailed Reaction Papers will not be graded.

By the date on which the Reaction Paper is due (6/10/18), submit 1 copy of the Reaction Paper into Reaction Paper 1 Dropbox. Submit 2nd copy of the Reaction Paper into the Reaction Paper 1 Discussion Board by clicking “Create Thread,” copying your Reaction Paper into the text box displayed for “Message,” and clicking the “Submit” button. Do NOT submit your paper as an attachment.

By the date on which the Reaction Paper Discussion Board is due (6/17/18) read at least two other students’ reaction papers by clicking on each student’s name within the Discussion Board. Then, click “reply” and post responses (minimum 150 word each – APA formatting for in-text citations / references) to two different students regarding their reaction papers.

 
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Chronic Disease:Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Chronic Disease: Rheumatoid Arthritis

MN610 Advanced Practice Nurse

No plagiarism will be checked with turnitin.

APA style formatting, font 12, double spaced with headers.

Will need Title page, content 2 – 3 paper in length, plus a minimum of 3 peered reviewed references in the Reference page.

 

Chronic Disease Health Promotion and Maintenance/for adults age 35–65

Chronic Disease

Write a 2–3-page paper discussing the concepts of health promotion, health maintenance, health restoration and health teaching to an adult patient with this chronic disease (Rheumatoid Arthritis). Be sure to integrate Evidence Based Practice into your discussion.

Please use headings for:

Health promotion

Health maintenance

Health restoration and education

(Chronic Disease: Rheumatoid Arthritis)

Chronic Disease/Rheumatoid Arthritis

Chronic Disease Health Promotion and Maintenance for Adults Age 35–65: Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting millions globally, especially adults aged 35 to 65. This condition triggers joint inflammation, causing pain, stiffness, and loss of function. Managing RA in adults requires comprehensive care strategies, including health promotion, maintenance, restoration, and education. These strategies should be evidence-based, aiming to improve the quality of life for patients while mitigating disease progression. This paper will explore the application of these strategies in RA management and how evidence-based practice can be integrated. (Chronic Disease: Rheumatoid Arthritis)

Health Promotion

Health promotion for adults with rheumatoid arthritis aims to prevent exacerbations, promote joint health, and enhance overall well-being. Encouraging physical activity is a key health promotion strategy, as studies show that low-impact exercises can help improve joint function and reduce stiffness in RA patients. Regular exercise, such as walking, swimming, and yoga, has been proven to reduce inflammation and improve physical endurance (Cooney et al., 2017). Alongside physical activity, a well-balanced diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods is essential. Foods such as fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help reduce joint inflammation (Bergeron et al., 2019).

Health promotion efforts should also focus on smoking cessation, as smoking is linked to an increased risk of developing RA and can worsen symptoms in existing patients. According to Scott et al. (2018), smoking cessation programs and support groups can be integrated into care plans to help patients manage their risk. Promoting regular check-ups and screening for cardiovascular health is crucial because RA increases the risk of heart disease.

Health Maintenance

Health maintenance for individuals with RA involves continuous monitoring and intervention to control symptoms, prevent joint damage, and manage disease progression. Key aspects include medication adherence, lifestyle modifications, and regular monitoring. Medications such as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and biologics are essential for controlling inflammation and slowing disease progression (Smolen et al., 2020). Nurses play a vital role in educating patients on the importance of medication adherence to prevent flares and irreversible joint damage.

Ongoing self-management programs are beneficial in maintaining health, as they teach patients to recognize early symptoms of flare-ups and the necessary steps to mitigate them. Engaging patients in joint-protection techniques and energy-conservation methods can also help prevent overuse and injury to affected joints. Additionally, ensuring that patients are educated about managing fatigue through adequate rest and sleep hygiene practices is important for long-term maintenance (Shen et al., 2021).

Regular consultations with rheumatologists, physical therapists, and occupational therapists are necessary to monitor disease activity and adjust treatment plans as needed. Health maintenance also requires vigilant screening for comorbid conditions such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, and depression, all of which are more prevalent in RA patients.

Health Restoration and Education

Health restoration aims to optimize function, reduce disability, and manage pain in patients experiencing exacerbations or advanced stages of RA. Early intervention and rehabilitation programs can help restore joint function and minimize disability. Physical therapy is an integral part of health restoration, as it helps patients regain strength, flexibility, and range of motion in affected joints. Assistive devices such as splints or braces may also be recommended to support weakened joints and promote mobility (Smolen et al., 2020).

Patient education is central to RA management, ensuring that patients understand their disease, treatment options, and self-care practices. Teaching patients about medication management, potential side effects, and the importance of early intervention during flare-ups empowers them to take control of their health. Nurses should also educate patients on the importance of maintaining a balanced lifestyle, including stress management techniques. Studies show that stress can exacerbate RA symptoms, and techniques such as mindfulness and relaxation therapy can improve outcomes (Crowley et al., 2019).

Incorporating evidence-based strategies in health restoration ensures that patients receive the most up-to-date care tailored to their needs. For instance, the use of biologics for patients unresponsive to traditional DMARDs has been supported by research as an effective treatment to prevent further joint destruction (Smolen et al., 2020).

Conclusion

Managing rheumatoid arthritis in adults requires a multifaceted approach focusing on health promotion, maintenance, restoration, and education. Nurses play an integral role in promoting healthy behaviors, ensuring medication adherence, restoring joint function, and educating patients on disease management. By incorporating evidence-based practices, healthcare providers can optimize care and improve long-term outcomes for RA patients. This holistic approach not only improves physical health but also enhances the overall quality of life for individuals living with this chronic condition. (Chronic Disease: Rheumatoid Arthritis)

References

Bergeron, C., Bernatsky, S., Drouin, J., Clarke, A. E., & Pineau, C. A. (2019). Diet and rheumatoid arthritis: Food habits of patients in a large cohort compared to healthy controls. Journal of Clinical Rheumatology, 25(4), 169–174. https://doi.org/10.1097/RHU.0000000000000824

Cooney, J. K., Law, R. J., Matschke, V., Lemmey, A. B., Moore, J. P., Ahmad, Y., Maddison, P., & Thom, J. M. (2017). Benefits of exercise in rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Aging Research, 2017, Article 4183841. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4183841

Crowley, S., Liddicoat, H., & Marlowe, A. (2019). Managing stress in rheumatoid arthritis: Patient and provider perspectives. Arthritis Care & Research, 71(12), 1503–1510. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.24092

Smolen, J. S., Landewé, R., Bijlsma, J., Burmester, G., Dougados, M., Kerschbaumer, A., … & Aletaha, D. (2020). EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2019 update. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 79(6), 685–699. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216655

Shen, B., Feng, X., & Zhang, A. (2021). Sleep quality in rheumatoid arthritis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Medicine, 8, 715941. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.715941

 
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Discussion2: Bereavement & Client Diagnosis

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Discussion2: Bereavement & Client Diagnosis

(Discussion2: Bereavement & Client Diagnosis)

·         Although grief may be painful, for many individuals, it is a temporary journey of sadness. Yet, for others, grief may be a painful, unending road into despair. With grief there is usually a period of bereavement, more commonly known as a mourning period or sadness experienced from death or separation. Bereavement may result in temporary psychological distress or despair, or it may manifest into severe and/or reoccurring psychological disorders, such as depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and other anxiety disorders. Additionally, the effects of bereavement may complicate client diagnosis, especially for clients that you may already be treating for other disorders.

·         For this Discussion, review the week’s Learning Resources and current literature to examine how unremitting effects of bereavement may complicate client diagnosis. Select an example from the current literature and Learning Resources where bereavement might present an issue for an existing client. Consider if a psychologist might have to change the original client diagnosis.

·         With these thoughts in mind:

·         Post by Day 4 a brief description the example you selected. Then explain how bereavement might complicate a client’s diagnosis. Finally, post your position on whether a psychologist must change the client’s diagnosis in the example you selected and explain why or why not.

·         Be sure to support your postings and responses with specific references to the Learning Resources and current literature.

·         American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.

o    Conditions that May be a Focus of Clinical Attention

o    Sleep-Wake Disorders

o    Other Mental Disorders

·         Paris, J. (2015). The intelligent clinician’s guide to the DSM-5 (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

o    Chapter 15, Other Diagnostic Groupings

·         Fox, J., & Jones, K. (2013). DSM-5 and bereavement: The loss of normal grief? Journal of Counseling & Development, 91(1), 113–119. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

·         Larson, D. G., & Hoyt, W. T. (2007). What has become of grief counseling? An evaluation of the empirical foundations of the new pessimism. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38(4), 347–355. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

·         Lorber, W., & Garcia, H. A. (2010). Not supposed to feel this: Traditional masculinity in psychotherapy with male veterans returning from Afghanistan and Iraq. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice, 47(3), 296–305. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

·         Sayer, N. A., Noorbaloochi, S., Frazier, P., Carlson, K., Gravely, A., & Murdoch, M. (2010). Reintegration problems and treatment interests among Iraq and Afghanistan combat veterans receiving VA medical care. Psychiatric Services, 61(6), 589–597. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

·         Zisook, S., Corruble, E., Duan, N., Iglewicz, A., Karam, E., Lanuoette, N., & … Young, I. (2012). The bereavement exclusion and DSM-5. Depression & Anxiety (1091–4269), 29(5), 425-443. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

  • Britton, W. B., Bootzin, R. R., Cousins, J. C., Hasler, B. P., et al. (2010). The contribution of mindfulness practice to a multicomponent behavioral sleep intervention following substance abuse treatment in adolescents: A treatment-development study. Substance Abuse, 31(2), 86–97. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
  • Bussolari, C. J., & Goodell, J. A. (2009). Chaos theory as a model for life transitions counseling: Nonlinear dynamics and life’s changes. Journal of Counseling & Development, 87(1), 98–107. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
  • Sasaki, M., & Yamasaki, K. (2007). Stress coping and the adjustment process among university freshmen. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 20(1), 51–67. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
  • Servaty-Seib, H. L., & Taub, D. J. (2010). Bereavement and college students: The role of counseling psychology. The Counseling Psychologist, 38(7), 947–975. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

 

 
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