BI101 Unit 8 Homework

Complete the following and submit the Word document by midnight Sunday. Remember to include complete citations for all sources used to answer each question.

1. Are most invasive (exotic) species K-selected or r-selected species? Explain your choice and why that makes sense in terms of their ecological success.

2. Briefly define a community and an ecosystem and describe how the two are interrelated.

3. Which of the following levels of organization are in order, from simplest to most complex. a.  population, organism, community, ecosystem b.  community, ecosystem, population, organism        c.  organism, community, population, ecosystem d.  population, ecosystem, organism, community e.  organism, population, community, ecosystem

4. Mosses growing on bare rock will eventually help to create soil.  These mosses are involved in ___ succession. a.  primary b.  secondary c.  tertiary

5. If a farmer sprays a pesticide onto a field and kills half of the insect pests, he has caused a reduction in________. a.  field capacity b. carrying capacity c. population size d. More than one of the above

6. What type of survivorship curve would you expect for a plant species in which only a few seeds are produced and most of these survive to produce adult plants? a.  type I b.  type II c.  type III

7. An ecological niche is an organism’s_______ in an ecosystem. a. location b.  habitat         c.  resources         d.  function

8. No matter how rapidly populations grow, they eventually reach a limit and begin to stabilize. This is called the ______________.

9. Unicellular algae live in the tissues of coral animals.  The algae provide food for the coral, while the coral provides a stable home for the algae. This is an example of a.  Parasitism b.  Commensalism c.  Mutualism

10. The vast majority of energy taken into an ecosystem is____________. a.  converted into biomass by plants. b.  utilized by secondary consumers. c.  lost as heat. d.  used by the primary consumers. e.  concentrated in the decomposers.

11. A farmer is using an insecticide to treat his crops. While most insects do not survive their first exposure to the insecticide some have a gene that enables them to survive. When these survivors reproduce they will likely pass along this resistance to their offspring. This results in an increase in numbers of the insects over time. Which of the following processes applies to this survival? a. cloning b. mutation c. natural selection d. genetic engineering

12. What is the ecological relationship between insects and crops? a. mutualism  b. competition c. predation

13. Sea anemones growing on the backs of crabs without damaging the crabs are an example of a.  Parasitism b.  Commensalism c.  Mutualism

14. Which of these is a population density-independent regulating factor? a.  Competition b.  Predation c.  Size of population d.  Weather e.  Resource availability

15. Producers are_________. a.  Autotrophs b.  Herbivores c.  Omnivores d.  Carnivores

16. If biological magnification occurs, the ___ will have the highest levels of toxins in their systems. a.  producers b.  herbivores c.  primary carnivores d.  top carnivores

17. Given the amount of sunlight that hits the plants on our planet, and the ability of plants for rapid growth and reproduction, how come we aren’t all hip deep in dead plants?

 
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Complete The Biology Labs

Lab 3 Identification of Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Lipids Assignment

 

Results

 

1. While looking at the pictures for the results of each test, fill in the chart below (+/- means was the color positive or negative):

 

No.

 

Substance Benedict Test Iodine Test Biuret Test Sudan Dye
    color +/- color +/- color +/- +/-
1 water (control)              
2 10 % glucose              
3 10 % sucrose              
4 10 % starch              
5 10 % albumin              
6 salad oil              
7 milk              
8 regular soda              
9 unknown              

 

 

 

2. Fill in the table below for the results of the Benedict Test (look at the color for each test tube and then match up the color in the table found on page 7):

 

No. Substance Gm %
1 water (control)  
2 10 % glucose  
3 10 % sucrose  
4 10 % starch  
5 10 % albumin  
6 salad oil  
7 milk  
8 regular soda  
9 unknown  

 

 

Answer questions with complete sentences.

 

3. A clear regular (non-diet) soda was tested. How much reducing sugar was present in the sample? Is the reason it is sweet because it contains reducing sugars? How do you know this?

 

 

4. Did the milk you tested contain protein? How do you know this? If it contained protein can you determine how much? Why or why not?

 

 

 

5. Do you think the Sudan Dye Test is a quantitative or qualitative test? Why or why not?

 

 

6. What is an indicator substance? Give an example.

 

 

7. Which tests gave you a positive result when you tested your unknown? What does this tell you?

 

 

8. Outline the functions of the polysaccharides in the table below.

 

Polysaccharide Function
Glycogen  
Chitin  
Cellulose  
Starch  

 

 

9. Outline the functions of the proteins in the table below:

 

Protein Function
Hemoglobin  
Keratin  
Myoglobin  
Fibrin  
Serum albumin  
Insulin  
Calmodulin  
Immunoglobins  
Cytochromes  
Vasopressin  
Pepsin  
Ferritin  

 

 

 

10. Outline the functions of the lipids in the table below:

 

Lipid Function
Lecithin  
Prostaglandins  
Cholesterol  
Estrogen  
Carotene  

 

 

11. Which groups of organic molecules would you expect to find in the following:

 

a. corn oil –

 

b. silk –

 

c. rubber –

 

d. soap –

 

e. molasses –

Lab 3

I

dentification of

C

arbohydrates

, P

roteins

,

and

L

ipids

 

Assignment

Results

  1.  While looking at thepictures for theresults of each test, fill in the chart below

(+/-meanswas the color positive or negative):No.Substance

Benedict Test

Iodine Test

Biuret Test

Sudan Dye color+/color+/-color+/-+/

 

water (control)

 

2. 10%  glucose

 

3. 10 % sucrose

 

4. 10 % starch

 

5. 10 % albumin

 

6. salad oil

 

 

7. milk

 

8. regular soda

 

9. unknown

 

2. Fill in the table below for the results of the Benedict Test (look at the color for each test tube and then match up the color in the table found on page 7):

 

 

 

No.Substance Gm %

 

1

 

water (control)

 

2

10 % glucose

3

10 % sucrose

4

10 % starch

 

5

10 % albumin

 

6

salad oil

7

milk

8

regular soda

9

unknown

Answer questions with complete sentences.

3.

A clear regular (non diet) soda was tested

. How much reducing sugar was present in the sample? Is the reason it is sweet because it contains reducing sugars? How do you know this?

 

Lab 3 Identification of Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Lipids Assignment

 

Results

 

1. While looking at the pictures for the results of each test, fill in the chart below (+/- means

was the color positive or negative):

 

No.

 

Substance

Benedict

Test

Iodine Test Biuret

Test

Sudan

Dye

color +/- color +/- color +/- +/-

1 water (control)

2 10 % glucose

3 10 % sucrose

4 10 % starch

5 10 % albumin

6 salad oil

7 milk

8 regular soda

9 unknown

 

 

2. Fill in the table below for the results of the Benedict Test (look at the color for each test tube

and then match up the color in the table found on page 7):

 

No. Substance Gm %

1 water (control)

2 10 % glucose

3 10 % sucrose

4 10 % starch

5 10 % albumin

6 salad oil

7 milk

8 regular soda

9 unknown

 

 

Answer questions with complete sentences.

 

3. A clear regular (non-diet) soda was tested. How much reducing sugar was present in the

sample? Is the reason it is sweet because it contains reducing sugars? How do you know

this?

 
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Unit 3 Assignment B

Discuss each of the following topics. Be sure to provide your references/resources in APA style formatting.

Case Study 1: Myeshia, a 19-year-old female, recently read about the health benefits of calcium and decided to increase her intake of dairy products by drinking milk. Not long afterward, she experienced bloating, cramping, and gassiness. She suspected that the source of this discomfort was the milk she consumed, especially because her parents and sister had complained of the same problem. She wanted to determine if the milk was, in fact, the cause of her gastrointestinal discomfort, so the next day she substituted yogurt for the milk in her diet. Subsequently, she did not have any symptoms. What component of milk likely causes the problem? Why was she able to tolerate yogurt, but not milk?

Case Study 2: Marc and Dan are twins who like the same activities, and foods. At a recent doctor’s appointment, Dan was told that he has type 2 diabetes. He has been feeling well and has not noticed any changes in his health. He does not understand why he has diabetes, but this brother does not and why he has not had any noticeable symptoms. How would you explain this to him?

Topic 3: Describe what the glycemic index is and how this is very important in developing a nutritional diet.

Clarifications

Case Study 1

Case Study 2

No Plagiarism

 
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Biological Concepts

WEEK 6 EXPERIMENT ANSWER SHEET Please submit to the Week 6 Experiment dropbox no later than Sunday midnight.

SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES FOR WEEK 6 EXPERIMENT ASSIGNMENT

· Experiment 6 Exercise 1 – Monhybrid Crosses

· Experiment 6 Exercise 2 – Dihybrid Cross

· Experiment 6 Exercise 3 – Inheritance of Human Traits

Experiment 6 Exercise 1: Monohybrid Crosses

You will be conducting monohybrid crosses using fruit flies. Open in the following website:

Fly Lab JS. No date. https://www.sciencecourseware.org/FlyLabJS/

Procedure

A. Select a trait to modify from the left side of the page. For the monohybrid crosses, you will only change one trait at a time.

B. Select a trait for the male and then click “Select for Mating”. Repeat for the female.

C. You are now ready to mate the flies by selecting “Mate” from the menu near the top of the screen.

D. You will now analyze your results by clicking on “Analyze”. Click on the box “Ignore Sex of Flies”

E. Record the data in the table below.

F. Repeat five times to complete the table.

Table 1. Results of crosses.

Parent Phenotypes Offspring Phenotype
Parent 1 Parent 2 # %
Wild Type (WT) Forked Bristles 1001 WT 100% WT
       
       
       
       
       

Questions

1. How might you use these data to determine which traits were recessive and which were dominate (2 pts)?

2. Is it possible to determine the genotype for each cross? If so, how? (3 pts)?

Experiment 6 Exercise 2: Dihybrid Cross

We will continue to use flies for our crosses, but this time we will examine the inheritance of TWO different traits: body color (gray or black) and wing type (long or vestigial). As with our first crosses, the gray body color is dominant (GG or Gg) over the black body color (gg). And the long wing type is dominant (LL or Ll) over vestigial (ll). Be sure you have reviewed our online Genetics lecture and this week’s reading before proceeding. An example of a dihybrid cross is shown on p 150 in your book.

We will cross a gray bodied fly with long wings which has the genotype GGLl with a gray bodied fly with long wings with a genotype of GgLl . Note that even though the phenotypes are the same, the genotypes of the two parents are different.

Identify the four possible gametes produced by these two individuals. Note that each gamete must consist of two alleles (G or g and L or l):

Parent 1 Parent 2

image1.png image2.png

GGLl GgLl

Parent 1 (GGLl) Gametes: _______ ______ _______ _______ (1 pts)

Parent 2 (GgLl) Gametes: _______ ______ _______ _______ (1 pts)

Create a Punnett square to show the outcome of a cross between these two individuals (GGLl and GgLl) using the gametes you identified above (3 pts).

    Parent 1
           
Parent 2          
           
           
           

Questions

1. What are the possible F1 genotypes (these must now have four alleles) and their percentages (4 pts)?

2. Recall that GG and Gg individuals are gray bodied, while gg individuals are black bodied and that LL and Li individuals have long wings, while ll individuals have vestigial wings. What are the phenotypes of the resulting offspring and what are the percentages of these phenotypes (2 pts)?

Experiment 6 Exercise 3: Inheritance of Human Traits

Read over the Inheritance of Human Traits Introduction under the Week 6 Experiment link in our course before beginning.

Procedure

A. For each of the heritable traits describe below, determine which form you have (dominant form or recessive form). This is your phenotype.

B. Record your phenotype information in Table 2 below. Then, enter the possible genotype(s) you have based on your phenotype.

C. Answer the questions found following Table 2 below.

Description of Heritable Traits

Trait Possible Alleles Dominant Form Recessive

Form

Examples
Ear lobes E or e Detached (Free) Attached  

image3.png 

Hairline W or w Widows peak Straight image4.jpg Widow’s peak Straight
Tongue rolling T or t Able to roll Unable to roll image5.jpg
Hand folding R or r Right thumb on top Left thumb on top image6.jpg
Chin C or c Cleft chin No cleft chin image7.jpg
Tongue folding F or f Can fold tongue backwards Cannot fold tongue backwards image8.jpg
Thumb H or h Straight thumb (cannot bend backwards) Hitchhiker’s thumb (can bend it backwards) image9.jpg
Little Finger B or b Bent inwards Straight image10.jpg
Mid-digital hair M or m Hair on fingers No hair on fingers  

image11.png 

An example is shown as to what should be entered in RED. Please correct the entry for “Ear lobes” based on your personal data. For the Genotypes, please use the letters provided above (8 pts).

Table 2. Your phenotypes and genotypes.

Trait Phenotype Genotype
Ear lobes Unattached OR Detached EE/Ee OR

ee

Hairline    
Tongue Rolling    
Hand Folding    
Chin    
Tongue Folding    
Thumb    
Little Finger    
Mid-digital Hair    

Questions

1.  Which traits did you have that were dominant (1 pts)?

2.  Which traits did you have that were recessive (1 pts)?

3. What does it mean to be homozygous for a trait? Cite source(s) used (1 pts).

4.  What does it mean to be heterozygous for a trait? Cite source(s) used (1 pts).

5.  Define genotype and phenotypeCite source(s) used (1 pts).

6.  Which traits do you know for sure that you were homozygous (1 pts)?

Week 6 Experiment Grading Rubric

Component Expectation Points
Experiment 6 Exercise 1 Correctly perform and record the outcome of five monohybrid crosses (Table 1).

5
 

Demonstrate an understanding of the possible outcomes of monohybrid crosses with respect to genotypes and phenotypes (Questions 1-2).

5
Experiment 6 Exercise 2 Determine the correct parental gametes and conduct a dihybrid cross.

5
 

Correctly evaluate the outcome of a dihybrid cross (Questions 1-2).

6
Experiment 6 Exercise 3

Correctly recognize one’s phenotype and assigns the correct genotype (Table 2).

8
 

Demonstrate an understanding of dominant and recessive traits, genotype vs phenotype and homozygous vs heterozygous (Questions 1-6).

6
TOTAL  

35 pts

Updated October 2013

 
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Assignment 3.1: The Evolution Of The Metabolic Process

Step 1: As with other structures and functions within cells, evolution has driven the metabolic processes. This has created both unique processes in organisms and universal key characteristics.
Viewing metabolism through the lens of evolution, answer the following questions in a 2-3-page paper:

  1. Propose a hypothesis about how these processes evolved. What evidence did you use to propose this evolution? Defend your hypothesis.
  2. Identify universal characteristics across organisms that utilize each process in the metabolic pathways. For each characteristic or structure, explain what properties these characteristics or structures have that make them useful across organism types. Then, explain why the amphibolic pathways of metabolism are advantageous for the cells that utilize the full spectrum.
  3. Next, identify unique characteristics or pathways that specialized cells use to create their own version of the metabolic processes. Looking at archaea can help identify these variations in the process. After identifying these changed characteristics or pathways, compare them to the “normal” characteristics and pathways, determining why each organism utilizes a specific one and not the other.
  4. Finally, hypothesize about future evolutionary changes that may be observed.
 
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Anthro

1

A NT H R O 10 1 ES SA Y IN ST R UC T ION S __________________________________________________________________________________________

Essay Prompt: Refute the notion of race as a biological category applicable to humans __________________________________________________________________________________________

An assignment link is set up on Canvas for you to submit your essay. The assignment link takes you directly into our class page for Turnitin.com, so you don’t need to create an account and you don’t need a class ID or password.

 You must submit a properly formatted essay that includes in text citations and a reference page.

 You must use APA formatting for your essay (APA formatting resources are provided for you).

You should upload your essay a few days before the deadline, because if Turnitin.com detects any plagiarism or other issues, you can fix your mistakes and then re-upload your essay before the deadline expires. (If you need to make changes and then re-submit your essay, that will completely replace your previous submission.)

• Submit your essay no later than a few days before the deadline (you may submit as early as you like).

• Log back in afterwards and check your originality report (any plagiarized material will be highlighted).

▪ If plagiarized material is detected, remove and replace it with your own words and resubmit your essay.

▪ Make sure that you have uploaded a properly formatted (APA) essay with a reference page.

▪ There should be at least 3 articles listed in your bibliography (that you read for your literature review).

In order to successfully complete this assignment, you must follow these instructions:

Complete your literature review before attempting to write your essay!!! Literature review – For your research, you must read at least three (3) of the peer reviewed scientific articles provided to you on our class Canvas page – also included under the Essay Instructions folder. You may also look up peer reviewed scientific articles via the campus library. You must conduct an appropriate academic literature review in order to gain adequate knowledge of the topic. You are required to read at least three (3) articles for your literature review, but you can read more if you choose. Don’t search for articles on the Internet! You may only use peer reviewed scientific articles published in scholarly journals. DO NOT USE INFORMATION FROM THE INTERNET!!! NO WIKIPEDIA!!! If you need assistance writing your paper: • A scientific writing guide is also posted for you on Canvas under the Essay Instructions folder. • If you need help with the structure of your essay and in-text citations, work with a writing tutor. If you need assistance with APA formatting:

• APA formatting resources are included under the Essay Instructions folder and APA formatting links can be found within the module for this assignment.

 

 

 

2

Paper Formatting:

 Cover page and headers are not required (you may include them if you use a formatting template).

 Your paper should be typed double-spaced, using a clear font, no larger than 12pt.

 Your paper should be two (2) full pages minimum and three (3) full pages maximum. Essay structure:

• Your essay must include all the required components: introduction, thesis statement, body, and conclusion – and a reference page (bibliography).

• You must write an original essay (ENTIRELY IN YOUR OWN WORDS) containing your own objective perspectives on the topic, making references to factual information (written in your own words) that you learned from the three articles you read for your literature review.

• Include in-text citations to identify for your readers what specific literature sources your statements are based on. Your essay should have adequate and properly formatted in-text citations throughout. (If you need help with in-text citations, you must work with a writing tutor!)

• Do NOT plagiarize! Your essay must be entirely in your own words. Plagiarism will result in a zero grade for this assignment, which will detrimentally impact your overall grade for the course.

• Please note that excessive use of quotations (too many quotes) in your paper is considered to be a form of plagiarism. *This is a short essay, so you don’t include more than 2 one-sentence quotes.

• Be very specific with your sentences and do not make vague statements. Do not leave the reader guessing or requiring clarification as to what you are saying.

• Do not use incomplete or run-on sentences and be sure that your paragraphs flow properly. Introduction:

Your introduction will be one or two paragraphs long and will tell the reader:

• The subject or topic of the essay (a brief and concise introduction to the topic).

• In a science essay, the topic will often constitute an unresolved problem.

• Don’t write random statements. Everything you write must be attributed to a source from your literature review and you must cite all sources of information that your statements are based on!

Thesis statement:

Your thesis statement is a rational, objective, and well-informed statement about the topic that directly addresses the prompt. Be very specific and concise. Your thesis statement should be one sentence. Underline your thesis statement. Your thesis statement should be the last sentence of your first paragraph (introduction paragraph).

Your essay should be constructed around your thesis statement.* You should begin with a clear and concise (one sentence) thesis statement and build the rest of your essay around it. This is an example of a good thesis statement that directly addresses the prompt: Science proves that human “races” do not exist, yet people ignorantly still believe they do.

 

 

3

Body:

The body of your essay will usually incorporate these elements:

1) A background to the problem at issue. Your background will incorporate a (brief) literature review of each of the existing perspectives addressing the problem.

2) The main points and rationale of your own argument supported by factual references. You must have adequate in text citations throughout your paper, but do not over-cite material into your essay (i.e., do not incorporate more than two sentences of direct quotes).

3) Completely and adequately address and support your thesis statement. Do not leave the reader requiring further clarification of the points you are making or guessing as to what particular aspects of the topic you are referring to.

A good essay body closely addresses and adequately supports the thesis statement. The number one error in undergraduate essays is not completely addressing and adequately supporting the thesis statement. The body of your essay must adequately address and support your thesis statement without being tangential. Conclusion:

Your conclusion should be a paragraph summarizing the essential points of your argument and clearly stating your conclusions. The golden rule of conclusion writing is not to include any material that has not been discussed in the body (i.e., don’t introduce any new information). Do not repeat information or state the exact same sentences you included earlier in your paper. Science essays are different from non-scientific critical writing, and your reader should not be kept in suspense about your conclusions. Spell out your conclusions as soon as possible in the interests of clarity and to help your reader evaluate the strength of your argument. At the very least you should be able to clearly indicate the perspective that you are supporting. Reference Page (Bibliography):

At the end of your essay you must include a properly formatted (APA) reference page, which lists the articles, books, etc., that you read/viewed for your literature review. Your reference page must be on its own separate page, placed at the end of your essay. You may title it: “References,” “References Cited,” or “Bibliography.” The reference list must be in proper APA format. The specific format of each reference included in your list is different, depending on what type of source it comes from (e.g., journal article, textbook, documentary, etc.). Your reference page must include a minimum of 3 peer reviewed scholarly articles you read for your literature review. (You may include additional articles.)

 
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Case Study

Choose two of the four topics as listed below: Decontamination Principles, Sterilization Methods, Preparation of Medical Equipment and Supplies, and Inventory Control and Distribution Systems. Once the two case studies are chosen, answer the questions using your own words and address the conflict or issue with a solution specific to the topics chosen. You can utilize your text or other credible sources to build a thorough paper that contains at least six main ideas with supporting details regarding the topic chosen and a minimum of three credible references. The paper must be written in APA or MLA format with an introduction, body, and conclusion. Please refer to rubric regarding specific grading criteria.

1. Decontamination Principles: Dr. Frankie is a prestigious neurosurgeon

at Glory Medical Center. During the last week, the surgical technician

in the operating room has noticed that dirty instruments have made it

into the OR. The technician finally decides to consult with the supervisor

because the incident has now occurred three days in a row. What issue

has occurred, and what may be the cause of this/these errors? What

might the sterile processing department have to do to resolve this issue?

Explain the decontamination process. What extra efforts can be made to

ensure that clean instruments are delivered to the surgical suite?

2. Sterilization Methods: Kristine, a technician in the sterile processing

department, has noticed that after sterilization at least two out of

every four loads sterilized for the day are moist. She has consulted with

her supervisor on effective ways in which she could troubleshoot the

concerns with wet loads, because it has now affected the department’s

work efficiency and quality control. Why might the loads be wet? What

solutions can Kristine apply to ensure that the processed instrument sets

aren’t moist? Define a wet load. Discuss how this issue can affect both

the operating room and the sterile processing department. How should

Kristine handle the wet packages to ensure quality control?

3. Preparation of Medical Equipment and Supplies: Over the last

month, the operating room has received rigid containers without

filters, assembled instruments in sterilized sets, and closed versus

open packaged and processed instruments. Why are all three of these

occurrences an issue? Discuss the instrument preparation process.

What can the sterile processing technician do to ensure that all items

are prepared and packaged correctly? What might the operating room

staff have to do if items are received closed, assembled, or without the

appropriate filters, chemical indicators, etc.? How can it affect the patient

if those items are used?

4. Inventory Control and Distribution: The sterile processing department

at Hershey-Chocolate Medical Center has an excessive amount of

inventory. Discuss what issues or concerns may occur due to this

excessive inventory. What inventory system may work well for their

department? Discuss at least four types of inventory systems and how

each could initiate a more controlled environment of inventory for the

facility. How can distribution be affected by excessive inventory?

 
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KOLL THE WRITER Only Healthcare 3/4

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3: Patient Satisfaction

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3 FINAL December 12, 2012 1

Patient Satisfaction Introduction:

The main Urgent Care Facility within Bright Road Health Care System has experienced a marked

decrease in patient satisfaction. As a marketing consultant, you will evaluate patient survey results and

meet a couple of staff members. The patient experience evaluation elements include clinical, process

and environmental elements. Based on this information, you will recommend operation changes, if

appropriate.

Characters:

1. James Melbourne, Director of Urgent Care Facilities within the Bright Road Health Care System

2. Lisa Leon, Receptionist at Urgent Care

3. Therese Holt, Nurse Practitioner at Urgent Care

Locations:

Scene 1: Office of James Melbourne

Scene 2: Student’s office

Scene 3: Urgent care waiting area

Scene 4: Urgent Care Receptionist’s Desk

Scene 5: Urgent Care employee break room

Scene 6: Student’s office

 

 

 

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3: Patient Satisfaction

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3 FINAL December 12, 2012 2

Scene 1: Meeting with the Director of Urgent Care Facilities

In this scene, the student, a Marketing Consultant, meets with James Melbourne in his office. James is

concerned about the latest survey results for the urgent care facility and has asked the student to

evaluate the results, the urgent care facility, patient and employee processes and the patient

experience.

Location James Melbourne’s office

Scene setup James is across the desk from the student.

On-screen characters James Melbourne

Off-screen characters N/A

 

On screen text: Your meeting with James Melbourne, Director of Urgent Care Facilities within the Bright

Road Health Care System is about to begin…

 

JAMES Thank you for meeting with me. I am looking forward to getting your input on

how we can improve our urgent care facility.

**STUDENT OPTION 1 That’s why I’m here. Tell me about the project.

STUDENT OPTION 2 Absolutely. Tell me a little bit about what’s going on.

Student can choose either option to continue.

 

JAMES RESPONSE 1 Our latest patient survey results show a decline in patient satisfaction in one of

our busiest Urgent Care facilities. Of course we want patients to seek treatment

from their Primary Care Physicians. But if they need to use an Urgent Care

facility, we want it to be ours. And, we want them to have a positive

experience. Otherwise, they will most likely tell their friends and family, either

by word of mouth, or on social media outlets. That’s not good for our brand.

 

STUDENT OPTION 1 Is it just the one facility?

**STUDENT OPTION 2 Is this decline a trend?

Student can choose either option to continue.

JAMES It’s just this particular facility, it seems. Patient satisfaction ratings at our other

facilities are within the range we expect. Quite frankly, this was a surprise.

STUDENT OPTION 1 What are your initial thoughts about why patient satisfaction has declined at

 

 

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3: Patient Satisfaction

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3 FINAL December 12, 2012 3

that facility?

STUDENT OPTION 2 What recent changes have been made to the facility that may contribute to the

patients’ overall experience?

STUDENT OPTION 3 Can you share the latest patient survey results with me?

Student must click all three options to continue.

 

JAMES RESPONSE 1 Well, most patients don’t want to be there in the first place, so that makes

patient satisfaction challenging from the start. I want to look at that particular

facility from the patients’ perspective and see where we can improve.

Response 1 kicks student back to options.

JAMES RESPONSE 2 We have made several recent changes at that facility. First, because of patient

volume, our triage nurses don’t assess every patient immediately. We have a

list of more serious symptoms, and the receptionist notifies the triage nurse if a

patient presents any of these symptoms. This has allowed the triage nurses to

spend more time in the treatment rooms. The downside is that all the other

patients have to wait a little longer before being triaged. Second, we stopped

our nurse follow-up calls to patients the day after their visit. It allows nurses to

spend more time with patients, and less time on the phone.

Response 2 kicks student back to options.

JAMES RESPONSE 3 Sure, I will email the latest survey results to you as soon as we’re through here.

 

**STUDENT OPTION 1 Has a gap analysis been done to identify specific areas of concern?

 

STUDENT OPTION 2 Do you know the differences between patient expectations and staff

expectations?

Student can choose either option to proceed.

JAMES RESPONSE 1 Good question. This is one of the reasons I am reaching out to you. I think the

survey results will give you a better understanding. Patients have a certain

expectation about the level of care they receive. Our staff has their own opinion

about the quality of care they deliver.

STUDENT OPTION 1 I will need to identify this gap in expectations in order to make some

recommendations to you.

 

 

 

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3: Patient Satisfaction

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3 FINAL December 12, 2012 4

JAMES RESPONSE I’m interested to see the gap between what the patient expects and what they

are actually experiencing at the facility. This will help us pinpoint specific things

we need to improve.

STUDENT OPTION 1 That covers their experience at the facility. What about the other piece?

JAMES RESPONSE 1 What other piece?

Response 1 kicks student back to options

STUDENT OPTION 2 What about the post-visit experience? The follow up calls?

JAMES RESPONSE 2 As I mentioned earlier, we eliminated the nurse follow-up calls. Is that

something we should reconsider? Also, some patients noticed they received

bills in the mail they weren’t expecting. How can we better manage that?

STUDENT This is something that I will research once I get the survey results and can

evaluate the patient feedback.

Add to student’s notes:

 Client would like a gap analysis done to determine the difference in a patient’s expectations and

the actual patient experience.

 Research the need for follow up nurse phone calls to patients the following day.

 Research how the change from 100% of patients being triaged to only those with more serious

symptoms plays a role in patient’s satisfaction.

 Research ways to decrease surprise costs to patients.

 Identify the process of seeing a patient from the time they enter the facility to when the billing

is complete.

 Visit the urgent care facility and make notes of the waiting area and treatment rooms.

 

JAMES RESPONSE I’ll send them after our meeting. Is there anything that you need from me now

to help you get started?

Student must select both options to continue.

 

STUDENT OPTION 1 Have any employee satisfaction surveys been conducted to indicate their level

of satisfaction and motivation for the work?

JAMES RESPONSE 1 No, we have not implemented an employee satisfaction survey. I think this

would be an important component of your research. Studies show that

employees who are highly satisfied with their jobs deliver high quality service.

STUDENT OPTION 2 Can you help me to arrange a meeting with some staff members at the urgent

care facility?

 

 

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3: Patient Satisfaction

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3 FINAL December 12, 2012 5

JAMES RESPONSE 2 Absolutely. I will contact the manager at the facility and arrange for a meeting

with you, a receptionist, and one of our medical staff members. That will give

you a good idea of the processes from reception through treatment. And

because you’re an objective party, you will probably get candid responses

about their job satisfaction.

Add additional bullet points to student’s notes:

 Remember that the patient determines the level of care that they expect

 Explore ways to get employee feedback

 

STUDENT Thank you for this information, and for setting up a meeting with the team.

JAMES RESPONSE 1 You know where to find me if need any more information. I am very motivated

to get results that will help to improve patient satisfaction.

 

End of Scene 1

 

 

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3: Patient Satisfaction

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3 FINAL December 12, 2012 6

 

Scene 2: Patient Survey Results

In this scene, the student receives the patient survey results from James.

Location Student’s office

Scene setup The student is facing their computer.

On-screen characters None

Off-screen characters None

 

On screen text: You have some time between meetings so you check to see if James emailed you the

survey results…

Note: The student can click the email icon, and the inbox appears with a message from James. The

student can click to open it.

EMAIL 1 FROM

JAMES

Hello,

Here are the survey results as promised. Review them and let me know if you

have any questions.

[link to open survey results document]

James

 

Note: When student clicks the link, a document with survey results appears. Asset:

Patient_Survey_Results. When student closes the document, the email inbox appears again, with

another message from James.

On screen text: You have received another email from James…

EMAIL 2 FROM

JAMES

I set up a meeting for you to talk with Lisa Leon, a receptionist and Therese Holt,

a Nurse Practitioner at our urgent care facility. They are both available to meet

with you on Thursday at 1:00 during their lunch break.

Thank you,

James

 

End of Scene 2

 

 

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3: Patient Satisfaction

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3 FINAL December 12, 2012 7

Scene 3: The Urgent Care Waiting Room

In this scene, the student evaluates the waiting area for the urgent care facility prior to interacting with

the receptionist.

Location Urgent Care waiting room

Scene setup The waiting room virtual location is visible. The waiting room looks a little

dated and doesn’t look that comfortable or inviting. All the seats are filled, so

there is nowhere to sit.

On-screen characters None

Off-screen characters None

 

On-screen text: You’ve arrived in the waiting room. What are your initial thoughts? Make your

observations in your Notes area, then click “Talk to Receptionist” when you’re finished.

Note: The student should click Talk to Receptionist to move to the next scene.

End of Scene 3

 

 

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3: Patient Satisfaction

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3 FINAL December 12, 2012 8

 

Scene 4: The Receptionist

The student is now in front of the receptionist window. The receptionist is there, but doesn’t

immediately greet the student.

Location Urgent Care Reception Desk

Scene setup Lisa Leon is behind the desk, facing the student.

On-screen characters Lisa Leon, receptionist

Off-screen characters None

 

On-screen text: It doesn’t look like the receptionist notices you. You’d better get her attention…

 

STUDENT Excuse me…

LISA [Looks up, seemingly bothered by the interruption] Can I help you?

STUDENT Hello. I’m here to meet with Lisa Leon and Therese Holt.

LISA RESPONSE [Still not vey cheerful] And you are…

On Screen Text: Type your name here.

Note: A box appears in which the student can enter their name.

LISA [Cheers up] Oh yes, you’ve been working with James. I’m Lisa. I was told that

you were coming. Let me call for someone to cover the phones and I’ll let

Therese know you are here.

 

End of Scene 4

 

 

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3: Patient Satisfaction

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3 FINAL December 12, 2012 9

Scene 5: Meeting with Employees

In this scene, the student will be meeting with Lisa Leon, the Receptionist, and Therese Holt, a Nurse

Practitioner, to learn more about the processes and experiences from the employees’ viewpoint. This

information will be combined with the survey results sent from James Melbourne to develop a data

analysis and recommendation for the urgent care facility.

 

Location Urgent Care break room

Scene setup Lisa and Therese are both sitting at the table, facing the student.

On-screen characters Lisa Leon and Therese Holt

Off-screen characters None

 

 

On screen text: Your meeting with Lisa Leon, receptionist, and Therese Holt, nurse practitioner, in the

break room is about to begin…

 

LISA LEON

 

[To student]

This is Therese Holt, one of our nurse practitioners.

**STUDENT OPTION 1 Thank you both for taking your lunch hour meet with me.

STUDENT OPTION 2 I appreciate your time and I know that you are busy, so I will keep this brief.

Student can select either response to continue.

THERESE James told us you’re working to find ways to improve the overall patient

experience at our facility.

STUDENT

 

Yes. Can you tell me about the process patients go through when they visit your

facility?

THERESE Lisa, why don’t you start with this one since you are the first person who sees

the patient?

LISA Sure, alright. Sometimes patients call ahead of time and let us know they are

coming but often our patients are just walk ins. They check in with me and I

begin gathering their information.

THERESE Pardon me for interrupting, but if the patient presents more serious symptoms

such as shortness of breath or confusion, Lisa will call for the triage nurse to

come out right away to evaluate the patient before taking any information for

the patient chart. And of course, if they have life-threatening symptoms, we get

 

 

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3: Patient Satisfaction

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3 FINAL December 12, 2012 10

them transported to an emergency room.

LISA Good point, yes. But if that isn’t the case, I continue asking them for the

information to complete their chart. Then I ask them to have a seat and wait to

be called.

STUDENT OPTION 1

 

Do you explain cost to the patients at this time?

STUDENT OPTION 2

 

What do you typically tell patients about treatment costs or billing?

Student can choose either option to get a response, but must select the correct option to continue.

LISA RESPONSE 1 Yes.

LISA RESPONSE 2 I tell them what their co-pay is and collect it at that time.

 

STUDENT OPTION 1

 

What types of questions or responses do you get from the patients at this

point?

**STUDENT OPTION 2 Are most patients cooperative?

Student can choose either option to continue.

 

LISA RESPONSE 1

 

Most are pretty cooperative. Of course they always want to know the wait time

or how many people are in front of them, things like that. But sometimes I get

patients who don’t even want to give me the information to complete their

chart for the nurses and doctor. They sort of just demand to see a doctor. But

that isn’t too often.

THERESE RESPONSE 1 Lisa does a great job as the gatekeeper. People don’t want to be here and Lisa

sometimes has to take the brunt of the intolerance that goes along with that.

 

Student must select all three of the following options in order to continue. Responses are shown directly

below the option.

 

 

 

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3: Patient Satisfaction

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3 FINAL December 12, 2012 11

STUDENT OPTION 1

 

Lisa, what are typical patient comments that you hear in the waiting area?

LISA RESPONSE 1

 

Oh gosh, I hear it all. Patients want to know what is taking so long. They want to

know if there is another area to wait because they don’t want to catch

something they don’t already have. Sometimes we have an influx of patients all

at once and they get impatient standing in line waiting for me to help the

patients in front of them.

STUDENT OPTION 2

 

Therese, what are some of the patient comments that you receive in the

treatment area?

THERESE RESPONSE 2 The “not wanting to wait” spills over into the treatment area, too. Once I take a

patient back, they expect immediate treatment and sometimes get impatient as

I take history and vitals. Sometimes patients want a complete diagnosis and we

can’t always give that to them. We do not have the facility or equipment to run

every type of test to make a definitive diagnosis on some things. I don’t think

patients always realize this.

 

STUDENT OPTION 3 What is the most satisfying part of your job?

LISA RESPONSE 3

 

I really like my job but I get overwhelmed when there are a lot of patients and

they become difficult to deal with. My motivation comes from being part of a

team that is there to help people who are ill or injured.

THERESE RESPONSE 3 I agree with Lisa. I would say that I am very satisfied with team that we have

here. We all work together very well.

 

STUDENT OPTION 4 What would you like to see done differently at this facility?

LISA RESPONSE 4

 

I think the biggest thing would be to provide more privacy for our patients. In

addition to their personal information, I ask a lot of medical questions. I don’t

think the patients like giving answers that can be overheard by others in the

waiting area.

THERESE RESPONSE 4 It’s the same in the treatment area. We have some rooms with doors, but to

accommodate the large number of patients during busy times, we have

treatment areas with curtains. This does not provide privacy for talking with

patients about their medical issues.

 

 

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3: Patient Satisfaction

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3 FINAL December 12, 2012 12

I also think we all need to remember that we are in the customer service

business. I would like to see Bright Road offer more training programs in areas

of leadership and customer service. I think we all do the best that we can, but a

little training or reminders may go a long way.

 

STUDENT

 

Can either of you tell me about interaction with management and the type of

feedback that you receive?

LISA RESPONSE 1

 

I don’t really get much feedback from anyone. I have my annual reviews but

that is about it. I assume that everything is okay if I don’t hear anything, but it

would be nice to get some sort of feedback, so I know the areas in which I can

improve.

THERESE RESPONSE 1 I would say that the medical staff could also use a little more feedback. We

have monthly meetings with management to review processes and updates.

But it seems that a few of us meet and the information doesn’t go beyond the

meeting. It’s a waste of information, and our time.

 

STUDENT Thank you both for taking the time to meet with me today.

 

LISA

 

You’re welcome. It is nice to have somebody actually take an interest in things

from our perspective.

 

THERESE Yes, you are welcome. If I can think of anything else to add, I will certainly call

you and feel free to contact me if you have additional questions.

 

End of Scene 5

 

 

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3: Patient Satisfaction

Health Care Marketing Learnscape 3 FINAL December 12, 2012 13

 

Scene 6: Your Recommendation

In this scene, the student will email their recommendations for improvement to James Melbourne in an

email.

 

Location Student’s office

Scene setup Student if facing the computer

On-screen characters None

Off-screen characters None

 

On screen text: Analyze the information you’ve gathered in an organized manner and create a 250-500-

word recommendation to James Melbourne. Your recommendation should include:

 A service delivery gap analysis and how to create customer value at the urgent care facility.

 The role the frontline personnel and their role in high quality service.

 Specific suggestions on how to improve the total patient experience at the urgent care facility.

 

Note: A blank email is on screen, with the To field populated with James Melbourne. The Subject reads:

Confidential: Suggestions for Urgent Care Facility Improvements. The student types a recommendation,

and clicks Send to send the email. On screen text appears when the message has been sent.

On screen text: Your recommendation has been sent.

 

 

 

END OF LEARNSCAPE 3

 
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Taxonomy Lab

  1. Go to the link http://media.hhmi.org/biointeractive/click/shells_online/index.html and work through the lab sorting sea shells based on morphological characteristics to study evolutionary relationships.
  2. Please take notes for your laboratory report. You will add an introduction later. Write a short note describing each step of identifying and selecting snails as you work through the lab. Please take a screen shot of the final drawing showing the evolutionary relationship of all snails listed.Please answer the following questions:
    1. Why was the scallop among the snails? (HINT: Watch “Dr. Olivera discusses major molluscan groups”)
    2. What additional tests could be used to examine evolutionary relationships among molluscs (snail species)? (HINT: Watch “Dr. Olivera discusses how to classify shells”)
    3. How was the name of different cone snail specied decided? (HINT: Watch the video “Dr. Olivera discusses species names”)
    4. Where are cone snails found and what are their feeding habits? (HINT: Click on snail images on the final evolutionary tree for more information about species).
    5. Describe the evolutionary history of snails (Molluscs). In which eon, era and period did the first snails evolve? (HINT: Textbook, chapter 14.3)
  3. The laboratory report will have a title page (APA format), and an introduction. Summarize the life history of cone snails. List your steps to classify the snails under methods, post the final picture of snail specis under results and discuss limits of morphological classification in the discussion section of the lab report. Suggest additional tests which may clarify cone shell taxonomy. You should also have a reference section, with the textbook and web page listed in APA format.
  4. Please review the grading rubric for the assignment for additional details and grade criteria. Also use the “How to write a lab report” links in the Grading Rubrics  folder for futhur guidance.
  5. Save your completed lab report in .rtf, .doc, or .docx format. Name it as “Taxonomy Lab Report_Your Last Name.”
  6. Submit your lab report via the submission link above. Please only submit the completed lab report for grading.
 
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Haemophilus Influenzae Requires Hemin (X Factor) To Synthesize Cytochromes And NAD (V Factor) From Other Cells. For What Does It Use These Two Growth Factors? What Disease(S) Does H. Influenzae Cause?

Your response to each question should be at least 125 words.

1) Haemophilus influenzae requires hemin (X factor) to synthesize cytochromes and NAD (V factor) from other cells. For what does it use these two growth factors? What disease(s) does H. influenzae cause?
2) The bacterial enzyme streptokinase is used to digest fibrin (blood clots) in patients with atherosclerosis. Why doesn’t injection of streptokinase cause a streptococcal infection? How do we know the streptokinase will digest fibrin only and not other tissues?
3) Based on biochemical tests and oxygen usage, how would you identify and classify, respectively, the following microbes:
1Staphylococcus aureus
2Pseudomonas aeruginosa
3Bacillus subtilis
4Escherichia coli

4) Explain why is each of these is often resistant to disinfectants.
1 Mycobacterium
2 Pseudomonas
3 Bacillus

5) Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia were isolated from the stool sample of a 45- year- old man, and Shigella sonnei was isolated from the stool sample of an 18- year- old woman. Both patients experienced diarrhea and severe abdominal cramps, and prior to onset of digestive symptoms both had been treated by the same chiropractor. The chiropractor had administered colonic irrigations (enemas) to these patients. The device used for this treatment was a gravity- dependent apparatus using 12 liters of tap water. There were no check valves to prevent backflow, so all parts of the apparatus could have become contaminated with feces during each colonic treatment. The chiropractor provided colonic treatment to four or five patients per day. Between patients, the adaptor piece that is inserted into the rectum was placed in a “hot- water sterilizer.” What two errors were made by the chiropractor?
6) Between March 9 and April 12, five chronic peritoneal dialysis patients at one hospital became infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Four patients developed peritonitis (inflammation of the abdominal cavity), and one developed a skin infection at the catheter insertion site. All patients with peritonitis had low- grade fever, cloudy peritoneal fluid, and abdominal pain. All patients had permanent indwelling peritoneal catheters, which the nurse wiped with gauze that had been soaked with an iodophor solution each time the catheter was connected to or disconnected from the machine tubing. Aliquots of the iodophor were transferred from stock bottles to small in- use bottles. Cultures from the dialysate concentrate and the internal areas of the dialysis machines were negative; iodophor from a small in- use plastic container yielded a pure culture of P. aeruginosa. What improper technique led to this infection?
7) Eleven patients received injections of methylprednisolone and lidocaine to relieve the pain and inflammation of arthritis at the same orthopedic surgery office. All of them developed septic arthritis caused by Serratia marcescens. Unopened bottles of methylprednisolone from the same lot numbers tested sterile; the methylprednisolone was preserved with a quat. Cotton balls were used to wipe multiple- use injection vials before the medication was drawn into a disposable syringe. The site of injection on each patient was also wiped with a cotton ball. The cotton balls were soaked in benzalkonium chloride, and fresh cotton balls were added as the jar was emptied. Opened methylprednisolone containers and the jar of cotton balls contained S. marcescens. How was the infection transmitted? What part of the routine procedure caused the contamination?

Text book: Microbiology An Introduction, Eleventh Edition (Gerard Tortora, Berdell Funke, & Christine Case)

 
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