Genetic Foundations: Brain & Behavior
Genetic Foundations: Brain & Behavior
(Genetic Foundations: Brain & Behavior)
University of Phoenix Material
Week One Quiz
Multiple Choice
Choose the correct option for each question.
- Chromosomes consist of large, double-stranded molecules of:
- deoxyribonucleic acid.
- ribonucleic acid.
- autosomal genes.
- recombination genes.
- Which of the following is NOT one of the many ways that genes can affect behavior?
- Genes may affect neurotransmitter levels or receptors.
- Genes can act indirectly by making it more likely you will be raised in a particular environment.
- Genes themselves cause behavior without any influence of the environment.
- Genes produce proteins that may make it more likely for a person to become addicted.
- Nerves from the central nervous system convey information to the muscles and glands by way of the:
- autonomic nervous system.
- somatic nervous system.
- sympathetic nervous system.
- parasympathetic nervous system.
- When researchers try to estimate the heritability of a human behavior, what are the main kinds of individuals they consider?
- Twins and adopted children
- People from non-western cultures
- Newborns and infants
- Uneducated people living in educated societies
- The sweat glands, adrenal glands, and muscles that constrict blood vessels have input from only the ____ nervous system.
- sympathetic
- parasympathetic
- central
- dorsal root
- The temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex is the primary target for which kind of sensory information?
- somatosensory, including touch
- the simplest aspects of vision
- gustatory
- auditory
- Suppose a virus damaged only the dorsal roots of the spinal cord, but not the ventral roots. What would happen to the sensory and motor abilities of the affected area?
- Loss of sensation, but preserved motor control
- Loss of both sensation and motor control
- Loss of motor control, but preserved sensation
- Unaffected sensation and motor control
- Units of heredity that maintain their structural identity from one generation to another are:
- enzymes.
- mutations.
- nucleic acids.
- genes.
- Color vision deficiency is more common in males than in females because it is controlled by a:
- sex-limited gene.
- Y-linked gene.
- dominant X-linked gene.
- recessive X-linked gene.
- The central nervous system is composed of:
- the brain and spinal cord.
- all the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord.
- the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
- the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
- Almost all humans have 23 pairs of which of the following?
- RNA
- Chromosomes
- Genes
- Corduroys
- In one family, all three children are homozygous for a recessive gene. What can be concluded about the parents?
- Each parent is also homozygous for the recessive gene.
- Each parent is heterozygous.
- One parent is homozygous for the dominant gene; the other is homozygous for the recessive gene.
- Each parent is either homozygous for the recessive gene or heterozygous.
- If the spinal cord is cut at a given segment, the brain loses sensation at:
- that segment only.
- that segment and all segments above it.
- that segment and all segments below it.
- all other segments.
- Changes in single genes are called:
- alterations.
- mutations.
- mendelians.
- enzymes.
- Cortical blindness may result from the destruction of:
- any part of the cortex.
- the occipital cortex.
- the parietal cortex.
- the central sulcus.
- Damage to the ____ often causes people to lose their social inhibitions and to ignore the rules of polite conduct.
- corpus callosum
- cerebellum
- prefrontal cortex
- striate cortex
- If a trait has high heritability:
- hereditary differences account for none of the observed variations in that characteristic within that population.
- the environment cannot influence that trait.
- it is still possible for the environment to influence that trait.
- the trait is not influenced by heredity.
- If a person has difficulty determining which of two rhythms is faster, it is likely that she suffered damage to the:
- cerebellum.
- forebrain.
- tectum.
- medulla.
- Recessive genes manifest their effects only when the individual is ____ for them.
- sex limited
- homo sapien
- homozygous
- heterozygous
- An impairment of eating, drinking, temperature regulation, or sexual behavior suggests possible damage to which brain structure?
- Midbrain
- Hippocampus
- Hypothalamus
- Cerebellum
True or False(Genetic Foundations: Brain & Behavior)Choose whether each statement is True or False.
- Researchers have found specific genes linked to certain specific behaviors.
- True b. False
- The parasympathetic nervous system activates the “fight or flight” response.
- True b. False
- A strand of DNA serves as a template (model) for the synthesis of RNA molecules.
- True b. False
- A tract in the spinal cord would most likely be found in the white matter.
- True b. False
- The limbic system is important for motivation and emotional behaviors.
- True b. False
Short Answer(Genetic Foundations: Brain & Behavior)Answer the following questions in 50 to 100 words each.
- What are the four lobes of the brain? What is each lobe responsible for?
- What makes a behavior hereditary? What factors influence the heritability of behaviors?