Water Quality And Availability Background

Water Quality and Availability Instructions

 

1. Examine the table below that specifies safety levels and treatments for different contaminants. You will use information in this table throughout this lab.

 

Contaminants	Safety Levels	Treatments
Acidity (pH)	6.5 – 8.5 pH level	Add sodium hydroxide to the acidic water to raise the pH level to neutral.
Metals (ml/L)	< 1.3	1. Add chlorine at the beginning of the treatment process to solidify the metals, allowing them to be filtered out. 2. Add zinc orthophosphate to prevent further corrosion of pipes.
Coliform Bacteria (ml)	0.00	Add chlorine at the beginning and end of the treatment process.
Pesticides/Herbicides (mg/L)	< 0.04	1. Add activated carbon during the treatment process. 2. Add chlorine at the end of the treatment process.
Nitrates (mg)	< 10.0	1. Add activated carbon during the treatment process. 2. Add chlorine at the end of the treatment process.

 

 

 

2. On your Water Quality and Availability Template, determine which contaminations are outside the safe range for the various water samples. The water samples were taken at a:

 

· Subsurface city site.

· Surface lake site.

· Surface mountain stream site.

· Surface rural site.

· Subsurface suburban well.

 

3. Enter the unsafe contaminations, if any, for each site in Column 7 of your Water Quality and Availability Template.

 

4. Specify in Column 8 of the Water Quality and Availability Template how to treat each water sample to make it safe. If the water is safe to drink, state this.

 

5. Answer the related questions.

 

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