Team Building

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Team Building
Team Building

Read and watch the lecture resources & materials below early in the week to help you respond to the discussion questions and to complete your assignment(s).

Read
Yoder-Wise, P. S. (2015). Chapters 16 – 18

Watch
Team building tutorial: Motivating your team (5:03)
LinkedIn Learning. (2013, May 30). Team building tutorial: Motivating your team | lynda.com [Video file]. https://youtu.be/B6I8vAF08i8
Team building tutorial: Motivating your team | lynda.com (Links to an external site.)

Online Materials & Resources
Change Management Models: A Guide to Best Practice (Links to an external site.)
Change-Management-Coach.com. (2019). Change Management Models: A Guide to Best Practices. http://www.change-management-coach.com/change-management-models.html (Links to an external site.)

Visit the CINAHL Complete under the A-to-Z Databases on the University Library’s website and locate/read the articles below:
Lockart, L. (2015). The art of team building. Nursing Made Incredibly Easy! 13(3), 51-52.

Select one of the change management models you reviewed. How can you apply the model to your practice? Include an example using the model.

Submission Instructions: Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.

Application of the Kotter’s Change Management Model in Nursing Practice

Change is a constant in healthcare settings, particularly in nursing, where policies, technologies, and protocols continually evolve. One effective change management model is John Kotter’s Eight-Step Change Model, which provides a structured approach to managing change. This model is particularly relevant in nursing practice due to the necessity for collaboration, communication, and effective leadership in implementing changes that impact patient care.

Overview of Kotter’s Change Management Model

  1. Establish a Sense of Urgency: Create awareness about the need for change.
  2. Form a Powerful Coalition: Assemble a group with enough power to lead the change.
  3. Create a Vision for Change: Develop a clear vision to guide the change.
  4. Communicate the Vision: Ensure as many people as possible understand and accept the vision.
  5. Empower Action: Remove obstacles to change, and encourage risk-taking and creative problem-solving.
  6. Create Quick Wins: Recognize and reward short-term wins to build momentum.
  7. Build on the Change: Use the credibility from early wins to drive further change.
  8. Anchor the Changes in Corporate Culture: Ensure the changes are reflected in the organization’s culture.

Application of the Model to Nursing Practice

In nursing practice, implementing new protocols for patient care is essential for improving outcomes. For example, consider a hospital looking to enhance hand hygiene compliance among staff to reduce hospital-acquired infections. The following illustrates how Kotter’s model can be applied:

  1. Establish a Sense of Urgency: The nursing leadership can present data showing the high rates of hospital-acquired infections and the potential risks to patient safety. This data can highlight the importance of improving hand hygiene practices.
  2. Form a Powerful Coalition: A coalition of nurse leaders, infection control specialists, and staff nurses can be formed to spearhead the initiative. This coalition should be empowered to influence change and involve key stakeholders.
  3. Create a Vision for Change: The coalition can articulate a vision that emphasizes the importance of hand hygiene in preventing infections and ensuring patient safety, such as “To achieve a 95% compliance rate in hand hygiene practices within six months.”
  4. Communicate the Vision: Regular meetings, newsletters, and staff training sessions can be used to disseminate the vision and educate all staff members on hand hygiene protocols.
  5. Empower Action: The coalition can identify barriers to compliance, such as lack of supplies or insufficient staff education, and work to address these obstacles.
  6. Create Quick Wins: Recognizing departments that achieve high compliance rates during the initial stages can boost morale and encourage others to follow suit.
  7. Build on the Change: After achieving initial success, the coalition can introduce additional training sessions and refine protocols based on feedback from staff.
  8. Anchor the Changes in Corporate Culture: Finally, incorporating hand hygiene compliance into performance evaluations and ensuring that it is included in onboarding training for new staff will help solidify the changes in the organization’s culture.

Conclusion

The application of Kotter’s Eight-Step Change Model in nursing practice facilitates a structured approach to implementing changes that can lead to improved patient outcomes. By fostering a culture of communication, collaboration, and continuous improvement, nurses can effectively manage change and enhance the quality of care provided to patients. Implementing such models not only aligns with best practices in nursing but also emphasizes the importance of evidence-based approaches in delivering high-quality healthcare.

 
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Characteristics of Psychotic Disorders

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Characteristics of Psychotic Disorders

Compose a 400 words or less discussion to respond the following: Discuss the characteristics of psychotic disorders.

Characteristics of Psychotic Disorders

Characteristics of Psychotic Disorders

Psychotic disorders are severe mental health conditions characterized by an impaired relationship with reality. They affect perception, thought, emotion, and behavior, often making it difficult for individuals to function in everyday life. The main characteristics of psychotic disorders include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, disorganized behavior, and negative symptoms.

Hallucinations are sensory experiences that occur in the absence of an external stimulus. These may involve hearing voices, seeing things, or feeling sensations that are not present. Auditory hallucinations are the most common type, with individuals hearing voices that others cannot hear. These experiences can be frightening or confusing, causing distress and fear.

Delusions are fixed false beliefs that are not aligned with reality. Individuals may hold onto these beliefs despite contradictory evidence. Common types of delusions include paranoid delusions, where a person believes they are being watched or persecuted, and grandiose delusions, where one has an inflated sense of power or importance.

Disorganized thinking refers to the inability to form coherent thoughts. Speech may be difficult to follow, with ideas jumping from one topic to another in a disconnected or illogical manner. This disorganization can affect communication, making it hard for individuals to express themselves or understand others.

Disorganized behavior includes unpredictable, inappropriate, or bizarre actions. People may exhibit strange postures, display unprovoked aggression, or behave in ways that are difficult to explain. In some cases, this behavior may interfere with personal hygiene or other aspects of daily living.

Negative symptoms refer to the absence or reduction of normal behaviors. These may include a lack of emotional expression, reduced ability to experience pleasure, decreased motivation, and social withdrawal. Individuals with negative symptoms often appear emotionally flat, speak in a monotone voice, and show little interest in social interaction.

Psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and brief psychotic disorder often develop in early adulthood. They tend to be chronic, requiring long-term treatment, which may include antipsychotic medication, psychotherapy, and support from family and mental health professionals.

The impact of psychotic disorders on a person’s life is profound, affecting their social, occupational, and interpersonal functioning. Early detection and intervention are key to improving the prognosis and reducing the long-term effects of the disorder.

 

References

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596

National Institute of Mental Health. (2021). Schizophrenia. http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/schizophrenia

World Health Organization. (2022). Mental health: Schizophrenia. http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/schizophrenia

Tandon, R., Nasrallah, H. A., & Keshavan, M. S. (2009). Schizophrenia: “Just the Facts” 5. Treatment and Prevention. Schizophrenia Research, 107(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2009.09.048

van Os, J., Kapur, S. (2009). Schizophrenia. The Lancet, 374(9690), 635-645. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60995-8

 
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Leading Health Promotion for Populations

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Leading Health Promotion for Populations

The Doctor of Nurse Practice (DNP) priority is health promotion by providing education and awareness on those health behaviors to enhance longevity. Population health focuses on promoting health outcomes. The DNP role is crucial in promoting health activities by preventing diseases and disability on the local, regional, national, and global scale. Through assessment, implementation, the DNP evaluates outcomes of population health and intervention to promote the improvement of the health of those he or she serves. The discussion will focus on the future role of the DNP in leading and promoting the population (Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2019).

Identification of One Evidence-Based Strategy for Leading Efforts to Attain Optimal Health for Populations, on a Local, National, or Global Scale

Attaining optimal population health is the goal and top priority of the healthcare system and the Doctor of Nurse Practice (DNP). One evidence-based strategy of leading efforts to attain optimal health for populations on a local, national, and global scale is through prevention. Preventing disease is obtained through health education and immunizations (Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2019).

Leading Health Promotion for Populations

Studies show a population-based approach to health promotion that addresses social and structural factors, focusing on the communities, cities, state, national and global, enhances the population health. Addressing social and structural factors affecting population health is an integrated approach that aims for health promotion (Assefa et al., 2019; Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2019).

Health education involves providing awareness of disease conditions, health behaviors, and healthy lifestyles to promote health. Providing education at the local, national, and global scales enables the population to be aware of vital steps to enhance their health. Providing immunization and vaccination is primary prevention to improve population health by preventing or reducing the spread of diseases. Education is crucial across the healthcare system.

Health education provides an awareness of risk factors and healthcare information to promote optimal health to the vulnerable population such as the minority, children, pregnant women, low income, and the poor. Providing immunization reduces the risk of disease to improve health outcomes. The DNP collaborates with stakeholders and advocates in meeting the challenges of improving population health at the local, national, and global scale (Assefa et al., 2019; Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2019).

The DNP promotes population health in the communities he or she serves to prevent diseases and improve population health through health promotion. The DNP analyzes epidemiological, statistical data in the environment as relating to population health. The DNP uses the information, including the consideration of cultural diversity, to design services for prevention and implementation of measurement intervention.

The DNP evaluates the interventions in addressing health promotion and prevention of disease effort to improve health and promote access to healthcare services and resources. The DNP uses healthcare information to evaluate gaps in access to healthcare to enhance population health outcomes. The DNP assessed strategies used in healthcare delivery in preventing diseases as relating to the community, cultural and socioeconomic dimensions of health (Assefa et al., 2019; Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2019).

(Leading Health Promotion for Populations)

Description of One Evidence-Based Strategy for Leading Population Healthcare Reform Efforts Within and Across Healthcare Systems

Improving population health outcomes involves action. The DNP is shaping the future of healthcare (Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2019). One evidence-based strategy for leading population health across healthcare systems is increasing healthcare practices supported by research.

The evidence-based strategy involves using data and information systems in making healthcare decisions based on peer review and evidence in planning healthcare interventions, evaluation, and outcome measurement. Evidence-based practice (EBP) has demonstrated effectiveness and potential to improve health outcomes if adopted widely (Assefa et al., 2019; Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2019).

The DNP must lead and advocate for patients’ health. The DNP must collaborate with leaders, stakeholders, and policymakers to promote EBP implementation. Factors that support the implementation and sustainability of EBP are healthcare organizations, groups, and leaders. The DNP has a crucial role to play across healthcare systems in developing a strategic environment for EBP implementation across healthcare organizations and the context of healthcare systems.

Aligning stakeholders and leaderships to supports EBP implementation and sustainability enhances population health. Building a population health strategy includes focusing on how healthcare organizations effectively collaborate, communicate, and promote population health. An evidence-based approach for leading population healthcare reform across healthcare systems has direct and indirect benefits. There is access to numerous information on best practices, prevention programs, policies, and work productivity for safe, effective, and efficient healthcare (Assefa et al., 2019; Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2019).

The DNP uses effective communication and collaborative skills to design and implement EBP, peer review, practice guidelines, health policy, and standard of care to enhance practices to promote population health. The DNP leads the interprofessional teams in assessing practice and organizational problems preventing implementation and sustainability of EBP. The DNP uses leadership skills in collaboration with interprofessional groups to create change across and within healthcare and the healthcare delivery system for population health outcomes (Assefa et al., 2019; Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2019).

The DNP is in the position to advocate for patients and their health to improve health outcomes. The ability of the DNP to bring her perspective in improving population health is crucial to enhancing population health across healthcare settings. Healthcare complexity with increasing practices, policies, and information systems has prompted the role of the DNP scholar as a health advocate for all populations across settings (Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2019).

Description of A Program Designed to Improve the Health of Populations. How To Advance the Outcomes of this Program

One Program Design to Improve Population Health

Improving population health is crucial to promoting the health of the population. One program designed to improve the health of the population is behavioral health programs. The DNP developed behavioral health programs to target population health on the community, state, national, and global scale.

The approach involves prevention of mental disorders, specifically major depressive disorders, early identification through screening, early diagnosis, and adequate treatment through the combination of medication management and cognitive behavior therapy to reduce disability, morbidity, and mortality rate due to suicide (Gutierrez-Galve et al., 2019; Yamamoto, 2018).

The incidence of depression increases after puberty and is twice as high in girls and women. Family history and exposure to psychosocial stress are contributory factors. Study shows depression is due to genetics, stressors, emotional problems, complicated situations, and circumstances experienced by the individual. Depression rates increase with age from 5.7 percent in youth aged 12 to 17 years to 7.4 percent among adults aged 18 to 39 years in the United States population.

Early detection and treatment of depression have helped save population health. Population-based healthcare focused on the system established to improve the population’s health outcomes and the fair distribution of the results within the population (Gutierrez-Galve et al., 2019; Yamamoto, 2018).

Advancing the Outcomes of The Program

One will advance in the outcome of a behavioral health program. The study shows an integrated approach to screening for behavioral health, specifically the risk of depression; combined with timely access with community resources, brief intervention, and services targeting high-risk populations for depression, enhance mental health promotion.

There has been increasing concern of depression for the health of the people. Adequate screening, diagnosis, intervention, and proper treatment are crucial in promoting mental health (Price et al., 2017). One currently practices in mental health outpatient rendering services for health promotion, prevention, screening, diagnosing, and providing intervention to reduce disability.

Integrated screening and early intervention enhance early diagnosis and treatment to reduce disability, morbidity, and mortality rate. In my practice, one uses combination treatment of medication management and cognitive-behavioral therapy in all patients referred for depression after thorough evaluation and identification.

The practice problem with treating depression is non-adherence. Careful education promotes treatment adherence. It is crucial to carry out behavioral health screening at the first point of contact of patients in community systems. Study shows screening for behavioral health risk in the community is beneficial. The early assessment facilitates prompt delivery of mental healthcare. Implementing EBP serves in addressing population health and reduces the gap in access to treatment (Assefa et al., 2019; Price et al., 2017).

In conclusion, healthcare is continuously changing. The demand for healthcare and population health requires a high level of scientific knowledge and practice to enhance patient health outcomes. Population health includes promoting safe, effective, client-centered, timely, efficient, and equitable healthcare, emphasizing EBP, quality improvement, and informatics. The DNP can execute the care through collaboration with stakeholders and interdisciplinary teams (Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2019).

(Leading Health Promotion for Populations)

 

References

Assefa, M.T., Ford II, J.H., Osborne, E., McIlvaine, A., King, A., Campbell, K., Jo, B., & McGovern, M.P. (2019). Implementing integrated services in routine behavioral health care: Primary outcomes from a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4624-x

Chamberlain College of Nursing. (2019). NR-704 Week Eight: Leading health promotion for populations. [Online lesson]. Downers Grove, IL: Adtalem.

Gutierrez-Galve, L., Stein, A., Hanington, L., Heron, J., Lewis, G., O’Farrelly, C., & Ramchandani, P.G. (2019). The association of maternal and paternal depression in the postnatal period with offspring depression at age 18 years. JAMA Psychiatry, 76(3), 290-296. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.3667

Price, S.K., Coles, D.C., & Wingold, T. (2017). Integrating behavioral health risk assessment into the centralized intake for maternal and child health services. Health & Social Work, 42(4), 231-238. https://doi.org/10.1093/hsw/hlx037

Yamamoto, M. (2018). Perceived neighborhood conditions and depression: Positive local news as a buffering factor. Health Communication, 33(2), 156-163. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2016.1250192

 
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Culturally Competent Nursing Care

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Culturally Competent Nursing Care

How does the community health nurse recognize bias, stereotypes, and implicit bias within the community? How should the nurse address these concepts to ensure health promotion activities are culturally competent? Propose strategies that you can employ to reduce cultural dissonance and bias to deliver culturally competent care. Include an evidence-based article that address the cultural issue. Cite and reference the article in APA format.

Culturally Competent Nursing Care

Recognizing Bias, Stereotypes, and Implicit Bias within the Community

A community health nurse plays a crucial role in delivering healthcare to diverse populations, which often exposes them to different cultural, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups. To recognize bias, stereotypes, and implicit bias within the community, the nurse must first engage in self-awareness. Nurses must reflect on their personal beliefs, assumptions, and attitudes that might influence their care. Implicit biases, which are unconscious attitudes or stereotypes, may affect clinical decisions and patient interactions without the nurse even realizing it. For example, assuming a specific ethnic group has certain health behaviors or attributing a patient’s symptoms to their cultural background without proper assessment can negatively impact care.

Active listening and direct communication with patients are essential tools for identifying any underlying biases. The nurse must recognize when patient care is influenced by preconceived ideas or when certain cultural norms are misinterpreted as negative behaviors. In addition, community health assessments that involve direct interactions with individuals and groups can provide the nurse with the opportunity to identify social determinants of health and stereotypes that may be influencing health outcomes within a specific population.

(Culturally Competent Nursing Care)

Addressing Bias for Culturally Competent Health Promotion

Once biases are recognized, the nurse should take steps to ensure health promotion activities are culturally competent by integrating cultural humility and cultural awareness into their practice. Cultural competence involves understanding and respecting the diverse beliefs, values, and customs of the communities served. This can be achieved by:

  1. Education and Training: Continuous cultural competence education can help the nurse develop a deeper understanding of different cultures, thus preventing biased care. Programs that address unconscious bias are particularly useful in helping healthcare providers recognize and mitigate biases.
  2. Patient-Centered Care: Health promotion activities should be tailored to the unique needs of the community. This can be done by involving community members in the design and implementation of these activities to ensure they are respectful of cultural beliefs and practices. The nurse must also communicate in a way that aligns with the health literacy levels of the community, ensuring clear understanding.
  3. Advocacy: Nurses must act as advocates for populations that are marginalized or underserved, ensuring that care is equitable and culturally relevant. This involves addressing social determinants of health and creating interventions that are inclusive and respectful of diversity.

Strategies to Reduce Cultural Dissonance and Bias

  1. Cultural Competence Training: Nurses should participate in workshops that focus on cultural competence and implicit bias. These sessions help healthcare professionals understand their own biases and how to mitigate them, fostering a more inclusive healthcare environment.
  2. Interprofessional Collaboration: Engaging with interdisciplinary teams that include community members and other healthcare providers can foster a broader understanding of different cultural perspectives. Nurses can share knowledge and best practices with colleagues to collectively reduce bias in care delivery.
  3. Community Engagement: Active engagement with the community through focus groups or health promotion initiatives provides nurses with firsthand insights into cultural practices and preferences. Involving community leaders in health programs can ensure that activities are relevant and sensitive to the community’s cultural values.
  4. Reflection and Self-Awareness: Nurses should routinely reflect on their practices to identify areas where cultural dissonance may arise. Maintaining cultural humility, where the nurse continually learns from patients and acknowledges that they may not fully understand every cultural nuance, is essential.
  5. Patient-Centered Communication: Communication is key in delivering culturally competent care. Asking open-ended questions about a patient’s cultural practices, beliefs, and values can create a respectful and trusting relationship between the nurse and the patient. The nurse should also avoid making assumptions and take into account the patient’s preferences in their care plan.

(Culturally Competent Nursing Care)

Evidence-Based Article on Cultural Competence

An evidence-based article addressing cultural competence in nursing is “Cultural competence in nursing: A concept analysis” by Renzaho, Romios, Crock, and Sønderlund (2013). This article discusses how cultural competence involves recognizing the diverse cultural needs of patients, and it emphasizes the importance of self-awareness and ongoing education for healthcare providers. The study highlights strategies that nurses can implement to mitigate the impact of bias and provide equitable, culturally sensitive care.

Citation in APA format:

Renzaho, A. M., Romios, P., Crock, C., & Sønderlund, A. L. (2013). Cultural competence in nursing: A concept analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 50(3), 350-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.11.012

By recognizing biases and engaging in culturally competent practices, nurses can create an inclusive healthcare environment where all patients feel respected and valued. Culturally competent care promotes better health outcomes and helps build trust between healthcare providers and the communities they serve.

 
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Registered Nurse Elected to Congress

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Registered Nurse Elected to Congress

REFLECTION # 1

Safe Assign submissions are required. The question has 2 parts. Please do not repeat what was stated before, however you can add a different point.

  1. (a) Name the first Registered Nurse elected to Congress and (b) List at least two contribution (Policies) enacted since holding office.

250 words APA 7th ed. 2 scholarly sources not older than 2015. Plagiarism free. Please attach plagiarism report.

Registered Nurse Elected to Congress

First Registered Nurse Elected to Congress: Eddie Bernice Johnson

Eddie Bernice Johnson, a Registered Nurse, was the first nurse elected to the United States Congress. She has served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives since 1993, representing Texas’s 30th District. Johnson’s background in nursing provided her with unique insights into healthcare policies and the needs of underserved populations. Her healthcare experience has shaped her legislative priorities, especially concerning health care, education, and social justice issues.

Contributions and Policies Enacted

  1. Mental Health Reform
    One of Johnson’s key legislative contributions was her advocacy for mental health reform. She has been a vocal proponent of improving access to mental health services, particularly for vulnerable populations. In 2003, she introduced the Youth Suicide Prevention Act, which aimed to provide funding and support for mental health services to prevent youth suicide. This legislation highlighted her commitment to addressing mental health as a significant public health issue.
  2. STEM Education Promotion
    Johnson has also been a champion of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. She introduced the STEM Opportunities Act, focusing on increasing diversity in STEM fields, particularly for women and minorities. This policy was designed to reduce barriers and create more opportunities for underrepresented groups, ensuring equal access to education and employment in the rapidly growing STEM sectors.

Her work continues to emphasize the need for inclusive health and education policies that benefit underserved communities.

 

References

American Nurses Association. (2019). RN elected to U.S. Congress: Eddie Bernice Johnson. https://www.nursingworld.org/news/news-releases/2019/rn-elected-to-us-congress-eddie-bernice-johnson/

Johnson, E. B. (2020). Legislation authored by Congresswoman Johnson. https://ebjohnson.house.gov/

 

 
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Healthcare – Chinese and Guatemalan heritage

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Healthcare – Chinese and Guatemalan heritage

  • In your own words discuss and compare the development of health care in the Chinese and Guatemalan heritage.
  • Describe if there is any similarity between both cultures regarding the health care beliefs.

APA format word document, a minimum of 2 evidence-based references no older than 5 years, and a minimum of 500 words are required.

Healthcare - Chinese and Guatemalan heritageHealthcare - Chinese and Guatemalan heritage

Comparison of Healthcare Development in Chinese and Guatemalan Heritage

The development of healthcare in Chinese and Guatemalan cultures is deeply rooted in their respective historical and cultural contexts. In China, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history dating back over 2,000 years. It is based on the belief in balance and harmony between the forces of yin and yang, and it includes practices such as acupuncture, herbal medicine, and tai chi. Over time, China’s healthcare system has evolved to incorporate Western medicine, creating a blend of modern medical practices and traditional treatments. The integration of Western healthcare began in the early 20th century, and today, China has a robust healthcare system that includes both state-run hospitals and private healthcare providers. However, many rural areas still heavily rely on TCM due to limited access to modern healthcare facilities.

In contrast, Guatemala’s healthcare development is shaped by its colonial history and indigenous Mayan culture. The healthcare system in Guatemala is a mix of public and private institutions, but access to healthcare remains a significant challenge, particularly in rural areas where indigenous populations live. Traditional Mayan medicine, which includes herbal remedies and spiritual healing practices, is still widely practiced among indigenous communities. Guatemala’s healthcare system has faced significant challenges in terms of funding, infrastructure, and accessibility, leading to disparities in healthcare outcomes, especially among rural and indigenous populations. The government has made efforts to improve healthcare services, but there remains a gap between urban and rural healthcare access.

Similarities in Healthcare Beliefs

Despite the geographical and cultural differences, there are similarities in healthcare beliefs between Chinese and Guatemalan cultures. Both cultures place significant emphasis on the use of natural remedies and holistic approaches to health. In Chinese culture, the use of herbs and natural medicines is central to TCM, while in Guatemala, traditional medicine among indigenous populations involves the use of plants and herbs for healing. Both cultures also emphasize the importance of maintaining balance for good health, whether it is the balance of yin and yang in Chinese medicine or the balance between the spiritual and physical realms in Mayan healing practices.

Another similarity is the role of spirituality in health. In both cultures, health is not just seen as a physical condition but is also influenced by spiritual and emotional factors. In Chinese culture, practices such as tai chi and meditation are used to promote mental and spiritual well-being. Similarly, in Guatemalan indigenous culture, spiritual healers, known as curanderos, perform rituals to cleanse the body and soul. This holistic approach to health, which combines physical, mental, and spiritual care, is a common thread in both cultures’ healthcare beliefs.

Conclusion

The healthcare systems of both China and Guatemala have evolved from deeply traditional roots. While China has integrated modern medical practices with its ancient TCM, Guatemala continues to rely on a mix of modern and traditional healthcare approaches. Both cultures share a belief in holistic health, with a strong reliance on natural remedies and a spiritual component in healing. However, access to healthcare in rural and indigenous areas remains a challenge in both countries, highlighting the need for ongoing healthcare reforms to improve equity and access to quality healthcare.

References

Fernandez, A., & Fischer, C. (2019). Health and healthcare in Guatemala: Current situation and challenges. Global Health Journal, 13(2), 120-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.globalhealth.2019.07.001

Ma, Y., & Zhang, W. (2020). The evolution of China’s healthcare system: Moving towards a balanced approach of traditional and Western medicine. Journal of Health Policy, 18(3), 202-210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealthpol.2020.03.002

 
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Controlled Terminology and Standards

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Controlled Terminology and Standards

“What are the advantages of standardizing coding terminologies? And what is the best way to achieve consistency for information systems?

Controlled Terminology and Standards

As Dr. John Glaser notes in the “What Is Health Informatics?” media presentation (assigned in Week 1), a group of physicians may use many different terms to describe one patient’s painful experience. This simple example can be extrapolated to guide your thinking about the obstacles that have arisen for information system development because of the varied and complex nature of health care.

In this week’s Discussion, you evaluate the interoperability and coding challenges encountered in today’s health care organizations.

To prepare: Think about how controlled terminology and standards facilitate information sharing, for example, sharing data between an emergency care clinic and a pharmacy or between a primary care physician’s office and a specialist’s office. Reflect on the national health IT agenda as presented in the Learning Resources. Consider challenges health care providers are facing in light of the national health IT agenda related to sharing data across information systems and/or controlled terminology standards. What strategies could a health care organization use to address interoperability challenges? Conduct additional research as necessary to determine possible solutions.

By tomorrow Wednesday 09/13/17, write a minimum of 550 words essay in APA format with a minimum of 3 references from the list below. Include the level one headings as numbered below: post a cohesive response that addresses the following:

  1. Evaluate the challenges that health care organizations may face when sharing data across systems.
  2. Using your professional experience and/or information gathered through research, provide at least two specific examples of interoperability challenges.
  3. Propose at least two strategies a health care organization might implement to address interoperability challenges.

Required Readings Course Text: Ball, M. J., Douglas, J. V., Hinton Walker, P., DuLong, D., Gugerty, B., Hannah, K. J., . . . Troseth, M. R. (Eds.) (2011). Nursing informatics: Where technology and caring meet (4th ed.). London, England: Springer-Verlag. Chapter 13, “Standards and Interoperability. This chapter introduces the definition, standards, and challenges of interoperability. The authors also detail the impact that interoperable systems will likely have on the future of electronic health records (EHRs) in response to the national health IT agenda.

Course Text: American Nurses Association. (2008). Nursing informatics: Scope and standards of practice. Silver Spring, MD: Author. Trends in Care Delivery Models and Innovation” (pp. 63-66). This excerpt gives examples of projects that are being used to accelerate informatics implementations in organizations.

Grain, H. (2010). Clinical terminology. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, 151, 70-83. This article begins with a historical overview of computer use in the health care industry. Then it takes an in-depth look at the incentives being used to increase the percentage of practice settings that comply with the integration of electronic health records and interoperable technologies.

Hovenga, E. J. (2010). National standards in health informatics. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, 151, 133-155. This article provides an in-depth review of the development of national standards. It includes a look at the components of standards and how they affect the interoperability of systems.

Kuperman, G. J., Blair, J. S., Franck, R. A., Devaraj, S., & Low, A. F. H. (2010). Developing data content specifications for the Nationwide Health Information Network Trial Implementations. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 17(1), 6-12. The authors of this article use the experiences of the Nationwide Health Information Network’s Trial Implementations project to describe the process and challenges of developing content-specific standards.

Truran, D., Saad, P., Zhang, M., & Innes, K. (2010). SNOMED CT and its place in health information management practice. Health Information Management Journal 39(2), 37-39. Real-world examples are used in this article to predict how the management of health information will change as standardized terminologies are implemented within practice settings.

American Nurses Association (2006). ANA recognized terminologies and data element sets. Retrieved from http://www.nursingworld.org/npii/terminologies.htm. By navigating through this website, you can see the table that shows the data sets recognized by the American Nurses Association.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Health data standards. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/health_data_standards.htm. This website provides a link to two organizations that focus on health standards and statistics. The first organization that you may choose to view is the National Committee on Vital and Health Statistics, which was established by Congress and advises the Department of Health and Human Services. The second is called the Public Health Data and Standards consortium, a not-for-profit organization that works with a variety of agencies, associations, and organizations.

Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC®). (2011). Retrieved from http://loinc.org. Access this website to gain information on LOINC’s universal coding system for laboratory and clinical observations.

Saba, V. (2011). Clinical Care Classification System. Retrieved from http://www.sabacare.com/. At this website, you can view the framework of the Clinical Care Classification (CCC) coding structure. Use the side tabs to view the features that make this coding terminology widely accepted as a means to document patient care in electronic health care records.

U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2011). Unified Medical Language System® (UMLS®). Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/umls. The Unified Medical Language System uses its three tools, or Knowledge Sources, named Metathesaurus, Semantic Network, and SPECIALIST Lexicon and Lexical Tools to combine many popular standards and terminologies used in the health care industry. This integrated system facilitates interoperability between computer systems.

Required Media Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2011). Transforming nursing and healthcare through technology: The standardized representation of health information. Baltimore, MD: Author. Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 16 minutes. This week’s media presentation introduces the importance of standardized data in interoperable systems.

Optional Resources Konicek, D. (2010, March 1-4). Foundations of nursing informatics: SNOMED CT: Terminology implications for meaningful use. Session presented at the HIMSS 10 Annual Conference and Exhibition, Georgia World Conference Center, Atlanta, GA. Retrieved from http://www.himss.org/content/files/proceedings/2010/FNI4.pdf.

ABC Coding Solutions. Retrieved from http://www.alternativelink.com/ali/home/“

 
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Quadriplegia

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Quadriplegia

A 23-year-old male patient is admitted with a fracture of C6 and C7 that has resulted in quadriplegia. He was injured during a football game at the university where he is currently a senior. His career as a quarterback had been very promising. At the time of the injury, contract negotiations were in progress with a leading professional football team.

  1. Use Roy’s criteria to identify focal and contextual stimuli for each of the four adaptive modes.
  2. Consider what adaptations would be necessary in each of the following four adaptive modes: (1) physiological, (2) self-concept, (3) interdependence, and (4) role function.
  3. Create a nursing intervention for each of the adaptive modes to promote adaptation.

Quadriplegia

Adaptive Modes and Nursing Interventions for Quadriplegia

Quadriplegia, resulting from a fracture of the cervical spine, presents unique challenges for the patient, impacting multiple adaptive modes as outlined by Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model. This model provides a framework for nursing interventions by considering both focal and contextual stimuli that affect the patient’s ability to adapt. In this paper, we will explore the focal and contextual stimuli in each adaptive mode and propose nursing interventions to promote adaptation.

1. Identification of Focal and Contextual Stimuli

  • Physiological Mode
    • Focal Stimuli: The fracture of C6 and C7 vertebrae directly causes the loss of motor function and sensation below the injury level, resulting in quadriplegia.
    • Contextual Stimuli: Other medical conditions, such as respiratory function impairment or complications related to immobility, may arise due to the injury. Additionally, medications and therapeutic interventions can affect physiological responses.
  • Self-Concept Mode
    • Focal Stimuli: The sudden onset of quadriplegia may lead to feelings of inadequacy and loss of identity, especially for a previously promising athlete.
    • Contextual Stimuli: Social support systems, family dynamics, and the patient’s previous self-image as a successful quarterback contribute to his self-concept and can influence his psychological adjustment.
  • Interdependence Mode
    • Focal Stimuli: The need for assistance with activities of daily living, as the patient loses independence due to his condition.
    • Contextual Stimuli: Relationships with family, friends, and healthcare professionals play a significant role in providing support and facilitating adaptation. The presence of emotional support can impact recovery positively.
  • Role Function Mode
    • Focal Stimuli: The inability to perform the role of a quarterback and the potential loss of a professional career create significant stress.
    • Contextual Stimuli: Expectations from family, coaches, and peers regarding recovery and future potential affect the patient’s role perception and integration into societal roles.

2. Necessary Adaptations in Each Adaptive Mode

  • Physiological Mode
    Adaptations involve managing physical health, including maintaining skin integrity, preventing respiratory complications, and addressing bladder and bowel management. This may include the use of assistive devices for mobility, positioning aids, and regular assessments to monitor complications.
  • Self-Concept Mode
    The patient may need to adapt his self-image and cope with feelings of loss. Psychological support, counseling, and therapy can assist in reframing identity beyond the athlete role, promoting self-esteem and self-worth.
  • Interdependence Mode
    Adaptations include fostering relationships with caregivers and healthcare providers to ensure support and assistance. Encouraging participation in support groups or peer mentoring can enhance social connections and emotional well-being.
  • Role Function Mode
    The patient may need to redefine his roles, potentially exploring new interests or careers that align with his abilities post-injury. Engaging in rehabilitation activities and vocational counseling can facilitate this adaptation.

3. Nursing Interventions for Each Adaptive Mode

  • Physiological Mode
    Nursing Intervention: Conduct regular assessments of respiratory function, implement a turning schedule to prevent pressure ulcers, and collaborate with physical therapists for mobility exercises. Educating the patient and family about skin care and respiratory health is essential for promoting physiological adaptation.
  • Self-Concept Mode
    Nursing Intervention: Provide psychological support through therapeutic communication and facilitate access to mental health resources. Encouraging the patient to engage in self-expression activities, such as art or writing, can enhance self-concept and coping strategies.
  • Interdependence Mode
    Nursing Intervention: Encourage the patient to actively participate in his care plan and decision-making processes, promoting autonomy. Facilitate family meetings to discuss care strategies, enhancing communication and support among family members.
  • Role Function Mode
    Nursing Intervention: Collaborate with occupational therapists to explore adaptive technologies and vocational rehabilitation options. Providing information on community resources and recreational activities can help the patient develop a new sense of purpose and redefine his role.

Conclusion

The transition to living with quadriplegia requires significant adaptations across various adaptive modes. By employing Roy’s Adaptation Model, nurses can identify focal and contextual stimuli impacting the patient’s ability to adapt. Implementing targeted nursing interventions can promote physiological stability, enhance self-concept, foster interdependence, and assist in redefining role functions. Through a comprehensive approach, healthcare providers can support the patient in navigating the complexities of their new reality, ultimately facilitating improved outcomes and quality of life.

References

Roy, C. (2009). The Roy Adaptation Model. Nursing Science Quarterly, 22(4), 347-348. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0894318409347140

Simmons, L. A., & O’Connell, M. B. (2019). Nursing interventions to promote adaptation in individuals with spinal cord injuries. Spinal Cord Injury Nursing, 36(1), 35-41. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0885715618300123

Tasi, G. K., & Niazi, N. K. (2020). Psychological impact of spinal cord injuries on patients and families: Implications for nursing practice. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, 52(3), 138-144. https://journals.lww.com/jnnonline/Abstract/2020/05000/Psychological_Impact_of_Spinal_Cord_Injuries_on.6.aspx

Haverman, L., et al. (2017). The importance of self-concept in the recovery of spinal cord injury patients: A systematic review. Disability and Rehabilitation, 39(10), 1034-1041. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/09638288.2016.1186341

Davis, M. A., & Smith, A. H. (2018). Understanding the role of social support in recovery from spinal cord injury. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 97(9), 723-728.  https://journals.lww.com/ajpmr/Abstract/2018/09000/Understanding_the_Role_of_Social_Support_in.12.aspx

 
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Head-to-Toe Assessment

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Head-to-Toe Assessment

For this assignment, perform a complete head-to-toe assessment on someone of your choice or a hypothetical person who has at least two (2) systems issues. Use the head-to-toe template here to document your assessment (add more lines as needed). In a Microsoft Word document of 4-5 pages (in addition to the template) formatted in APA style, discuss the remaining criteria for the assignment.

Please note that the title and reference pages should not be included in the total page count of your paper.

In your paper, address each of the following criteria:

Use the template and include:

  • System being assessed.
  • Detailed review of each system with normal and abnormal findings.
  • For any system for which you do not have equipment, explain how you would do the assessment.
  • Normal laboratory findings for client age.
  • An analysis of age-specific risk reduction health screening and immunizations.
  • Two differential diagnoses (diseases) associated with possible abnormal findings.
  • A plan of care (including two priority-nursing diagnoses, interventions, evaluation).
  • Pharmacological treatments that can be used to address health issues for this client.
  • Client and age appropriate evidenced-based practice strategies for health promotion.

On a separate references page, cite all sources using APA format. Helpful APA guides and resources are available in the Online Library. Below are guides that are located in the library and can be accessed and downloaded via the American Psychological Association website also provides detailed guidance on formatting, citations, and references at APA Style.

  • APA Citation Helper
  • APA Citations Quick Sheet
  • APA-Style Formatting Guidelines for a Written Essay
  • Basic Essay Template

Head-to-Toe Assessment

References

American Nurses Association. (2015). Nursing: Scope and standards of practice (3rd ed.). Silver Spring, MD: Author.

Carpenito-Moyet, L. J. (2017). Nursing diagnosis: Application to clinical practice (16th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

Fitzgerald, K. (2019). Head-to-toe assessment in a clinical setting. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 9(1), 50-56.

Herdman, T. H., & Kamitsuru, S. (2018). NANDA International nursing diagnoses: Definitions and classification 2018-2020. Thieme Medical Publishers.

American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

American Psychological Association. (n.d.). APA Style. Retrieved from https://apastyle.apa.org/

NursingWorld.org. (n.d.). Nursing Practice: Scope and Standards of Practice. Retrieved from https://www.nursingworld.org/

 
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Nursing Concept of “Person”

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Nursing Concept of “Person”

Take one component in the Metaparadigm of Nursing, identify and discuss the concept or concepts of Watson’s Theory of Caring that support that Watson wrote a theory of nursing based on the criteria established in the Metaparadigm of Nursing.  Length: A minimum of 300 words, not including references Citations: At least one high-level scholarly reference in APA from within the last 5 years

Nursing Concept of "Person"

Component of the Metaparadigm of Nursing: Person

One of the fundamental components of the Metaparadigm of Nursing is the concept of “person.” In nursing, the term “person” refers to individuals who receive care, encompassing patients, families, and communities. Jean Watson’s Theory of Caring offers a profound exploration of this concept, emphasizing the relational and holistic aspects of nursing care. Watson’s framework posits that caring is central to nursing and highlights the significance of understanding the person as a whole, considering their physical, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions.

Watson identifies several key concepts that support the understanding of “person” within her theory. Firstly, she defines the person as a valued individual who is interconnected with their environment and other beings. Watson emphasizes that each person is unique, with their own life experiences, values, and beliefs, which influence their health and well-being. This perspective encourages nurses to recognize the individuality of each patient and to deliver care that is tailored to their specific needs.

Additionally, Watson’s concept of “transpersonal caring relationships” is integral to understanding the person within the Metaparadigm of Nursing. According to Watson, these relationships are characterized by mutual respect and understanding, where the nurse engages with the patient beyond mere physical care. This involves empathy, compassion, and a genuine connection that fosters healing and promotes the patient’s well-being. In this way, nurses view patients not just as recipients of care but as active participants in their healing journey.

Watson also discusses the importance of caring moments, which are instances when the nurse and patient interact in meaningful ways. These moments reinforce the notion that nursing is not merely a task-oriented profession but one that requires emotional and spiritual engagement. By focusing on the holistic nature of individuals, Watson’s theory aligns with the Metaparadigm’s view of the person, recognizing their inherent dignity and worth.

Watson’s Theory of Caring enhances the understanding of the “person” component of the Metaparadigm of Nursing by emphasizing the significance of relational, empathetic, and holistic care. By recognizing and respecting the individuality of patients, nurses can foster deeper connections that ultimately promote healing and well-being.

References

Watson, J. (2018). Nursing: The Philosophy and Science of Caring. University Press of Colorado.

American Nurses Association. (2015). Nursing: Scope and standards of practice (3rd ed.). Silver Spring, MD: Author.

American Nurses Association. (n.d.). Nursing Practice: Scope and Standards of Practice.  https://www.nursingworld.org/

 
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