Combatting Obesity: Community Advocacy

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Combatting Obesity: Community Advocacy

(Combatting Obesity: Community Advocacy)

Community health field experience. Topic: Obesity in Adults

Task 1: Social Media Campaign

Introduction: Part of cultural competency is advocating for sensitive patient populations with regard to health issues or needed improvements in the community. A big part of advocacy is uncovering effective stories discovered in your community assessment. Equally important is understanding how to broadcast your discoveries to the larger community. In our society today, social media is a powerful leveraging tool to get a story out, build support, and demonstrate advocacy.

Requirements: Your submission must be your original work. No more than a combined total of 30% of the submission and no more than a 10% match to any one individual source can be directly quoted or closely paraphrased from sources, even if cited correctly. Use the Turnitin Originality Report available in Taskstream as a guide for this measure of originality. You must use the rubric to direct the creation of your submission because it provides detailed criteria that will be used to evaluate your work. Each requirement below may be evaluated by more than one rubric aspect. The rubric aspect titles may contain hyperlinks to relevant portions of the course.

Part 1: Field Experience Project Submission
Note: Your timelog must be submitted with your assessment. If both are not submitted at the same time, your task may be returned to you without evaluation.

A. Submit a completed “Community Health Field Experience Timelog” by doing the following:

  1. Include the date of each activity.
  2. Include a brief description of each activity.
  3. Include the name of the contact person, a working phone number, and a full physical address.
    Note: If an email address is available for the contact person, you may choose to include it.
  4. Include the number of hours spent on each activity (not including preparation time).
  5. Describe how each activity relates to your selected Field Experience topic.
  6. Record a total of 90 hours that meet each of the following requirements:
    • 65 student-planned activity hours based on the attached “Field Experience Activities List”
    • A maximum of five individual interview hours (i.e., no more than five interviews, no more than one hour per interview)
    • No prep time hours (i.e., prep time is not to be included in reported hours)
      Note: If your timelog is returned from evaluation, you are required to do an addendum. Please use the link below to access the DocuSign addendum document. Both the original timelog and the addendum timelog must be submitted with the task. Note: Random audits and verification of time log activities do occur. Violation of the WGU Code of Student Conduct or the Academic Authenticity Policy could result in disciplinary action.

Part 2: Social Media Campaign
Note: The “CDCynergy” web link provided in the web links section below may be useful in completing your social media campaign. The use of this web link is optional, i.e., not required.

B. Write your community health nursing diagnosis statement.

  1. Explain how the health concern from your community health nursing diagnostic statement is linked to a health inequity or health disparity within the target population.
    a. Discuss the primary community resources and primary prevention resources currently in place to address the health concern.
    b. Discuss the underlying causes of the health concern.
  2. Discuss the evidence-based practice associated with the Field Experience topic.
    a. Identify data about the selected Field Experience topic from the local (e.g., county), state—Florida, and/or national level.

C. Develop a community health nursing social media campaign strategy that will convey your health message and address the Field Experience topic by doing the following:

  1. Describe your social media campaign objective.
  2. Recommend two population-focused social marketing interventions and justify how each would improve the health message related to your selected Field Experience topic.
  3. Describe a social media platform you would use that is appropriate for communicating with the target population—Adults.
    a. Discuss the benefits of the selected social media platform in supporting preventative healthcare.
  4. Discuss how the target population will benefit from your health message.

D. Describe best practices for implementing social media tools for health marketing.

E. Create a social media campaign implementation plan by doing the following:

  1. Describe stakeholder roles and responsibilities in implementing the plan.
  2. Discuss potential public and private partnerships that could be formed to aid in the implementation of your campaign.
  3. Create a specific timeline for implementing your campaign.
  4. Explain how you will evaluate the effectiveness of the campaign.
  5. Discuss the costs of implementing your campaign.

F. Reflect on how social media marketing supports the community health nurse’s efforts to promote healthier populations.

  1. Reflect on how your social media campaign could apply to your future nursing practice.

G. Acknowledge sources, using in-text citations and references, for content that is quoted, paraphrased, or summarized.

H. Demonstrate professional communication in the content and presentation of your submission.

 
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Comparison of Financial Metrics

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Comparison of Financial Metrics

(Comparison of Financial Metrics)

FINANCIAL METRICS

Discuss an example of a financial metric and a nonfinancial metric. What are the similarities and differences? Why is it important to use the correct type of metrics when evaluating performance? Why should you incorporate both types? PLEASE INCLUDE IN-TEXT CITATION AND REFERENCE

Financial Metrics vs. Non-Financial Metrics

Financial Metric Example: Return on Investment (ROI)
Return on Investment (ROI) is a widely used financial metric that measures the profitability of an investment relative to its cost. It is calculated by dividing the net profit from the investment by the initial cost of the investment, usually expressed as a percentage. For example, if a company invests $100,000 in a marketing campaign and generates $150,000 in revenue, the ROI would be calculated as follows:

ROI=(Cost of InvestmentNet Profit​)×100=(100,000150,000−100,000​)×100=50%

Non-Financial Metric Example: Customer Satisfaction Score (CSAT)
Customer Satisfaction Score (CSAT) is a non-financial metric that assesses how products or services meet customer expectations. It is often measured through surveys where customers rate their satisfaction on a scale (e.g., 1 to 5). A high CSAT score indicates that customers are pleased with the company’s offerings, which can be linked to customer retention and loyalty.

Similarities and Differences

Similarities:

  • Both types of metrics provide insights into organizational performance.
  • They can inform decision-making processes by highlighting areas for improvement.
  • Both metrics are essential for assessing the overall health of a business.

Differences:

  • Nature of Measurement: Financial metrics are quantitative and based on monetary values, while non-financial metrics are qualitative and assess aspects like customer experience or employee engagement.
  • Focus: Financial metrics often reflect short-term outcomes and profitability, whereas non-financial metrics provide insights into long-term sustainability and operational efficiency.

Importance of Using Correct Metrics

Using the correct type of metrics is crucial for evaluating performance because each type serves different purposes. Financial metrics are essential for understanding profitability, cost control, and overall financial health, making them indispensable for investors and management. In contrast, non-financial metrics are vital for gauging customer satisfaction, employee engagement, and operational efficiency, which are critical for long-term success (Kaplan & Norton, 1992).

Incorporating Both Types

Incorporating both financial and non-financial metrics provides a more comprehensive view of organizational performance. While financial metrics can indicate immediate fiscal health, non-financial metrics can uncover underlying trends that affect future profitability, such as customer loyalty and employee morale. This dual approach helps organizations align their strategies with both short-term financial goals and long-term sustainable growth.

References

Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (1992). The Balanced Scorecard: Measures that Drive Performance. Harvard Business Review, 70(1), 71-79.

 
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Monitoring Hemoglobin and Education

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Monitoring Hemoglobin and Education

(Monitoring Hemoglobin and Education)

Discussion Question

1- Why is important for nurses to monitor hemoglobin levels?2 How can a nurse explain sickle cell anemia to a patient?APA STYLE2 PARAGRAPHS2 REFERENCES

Discussion Question

  1. Monitoring hemoglobin levels is crucial for nurses as it provides valuable insights into a patient’s overall health and oxygen-carrying capacity. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues and returning carbon dioxide to the lungs for exhalation. Abnormal hemoglobin levels can indicate various medical conditions, such as anemia, dehydration, or respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. For instance, low hemoglobin levels may signify anemia, leading to fatigue, weakness, and decreased endurance, while elevated levels could suggest conditions like polycythemia or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (McPherson & Pincus, 2017). By regularly monitoring hemoglobin levels, nurses can identify changes in a patient’s condition, evaluate treatment effectiveness, and intervene promptly when necessary, thereby improving patient outcomes.
  2. When explaining sickle cell anemia to a patient, a nurse should provide a clear, compassionate, and concise overview of the condition. Sickle cell anemia is a genetic blood disorder characterized by the production of abnormal hemoglobin, known as hemoglobin S. In this condition, red blood cells become rigid and take on a crescent or sickle shape, which can lead to blockages in blood vessels and reduced blood flow to organs (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [NHLBI], 2023). This can result in pain episodes, increased risk of infections, and other complications. The nurse should also emphasize that sickle cell anemia is inherited and that it can be managed through regular medical care, including pain management, hydration, and, in some cases, blood transfusions or medications like hydroxyurea to reduce the frequency of sickle cell crises. Providing educational resources and encouraging questions can help patients understand their condition better and participate actively in their care.

References

 
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Nursing Impact on Policy-Making

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Nursing Impact on Policy-Making

(Nursing Impact on Policy-Making)

Discussion 2: The Role of the RN/APRN in Policy-Making

Word cloud generators have become popular tools for meetings and team-building events. Groups or teams are asked to use these applications to input words they feel best describe their team or their role. A “word cloud” is generated by the application that makes prominent the most-used terms, offering an image of the common thinking among participants of that role.

What types of words would you use to build a nursing word cloud? Empathetic, organized, hard-working, or advocate would all certainly apply. Would you add policy-maker to your list? Do you think it would be a very prominent component of the word cloud?

Nursing has become one of the largest professions in the world, and as such, nurses have the potential to influence policy and politics on a global scale. When nurses influence the politics that improve the delivery of healthcare, they are ultimately advocating for their patients. Hence, policy-making has become an increasingly popular term among nurses as they recognize a moral and professional obligation to be engaged in healthcare legislation.

To Prepare:(Nursing Impact on Policy-Making)

Revisit the Congress.gov website provided in the Resources and consider the role of RNs and APRNs in policy-making. Reflect on potential opportunities that may exist for RNs and APRNs to participate in the policy-making process.

By Day 3 of Week 8

Post an explanation of at least two opportunities that exist for RNs and APRNs to actively participate in policy-making. Explain some of the challenges that these opportunities may present and describe how you might overcome these challenges. Finally, recommend two strategies you might make to better advocate for or communicate the existence of these opportunities to participate in policy-making. Be specific and provide examples.

By Day 6 of Week 8

Respond to at least two of your colleagues’ posts by suggesting additional opportunities or recommendations for overcoming the challenges described by your colleagues. Note: Throughout this program, your fellow students are referred to as colleagues.

Everything should be in APA 7 format. At least 3 references, all with DOI numbers and at least 3 paragraphs for the main post and 2 for replies.

Discussion for reply one (Guy)(Nursing Impact on Policy-Making)

RNs and APRNs have crucial roles in healthcare to inform decisions of policy-making. There are many opportunities that exist for nursing professionals to participate in policy-making. According to Burke (2016), “It’s essential that policies exist that define and integrate appropriate standards for delivery of care and address conditions necessary for that care to occur. Through policy work, nurses can and should influence practice standards and processes to assure quality of care. Nurses who influence policy help shape the care that will be provided today and tomorrow. Policies also impact resource allocation to support delivery of healthcare.”

One opportunity that exists for nurses to become active in policy-making is to become a member of the American Nurses Association. According to Catallo, Spalding, & Haghiri-Vijeh (2014), “Policy products that the ANA offers include a ‘policy activist toolkit.’ As part of this toolkit, RNs are provided with resources that include how to get involved in a political campaign, writing letters to the editor, how to engage politicians, and carry out lobbying activities.” The article “Nursing Professional Organizations: What Are They Doing to Engage Nurses in Health Policy?” discusses how nurses can become engaged in health policy activities and how to address policy issues.

Another opportunity that exists for nurses to become active in policy-making is to advance their education by becoming an APRN. According to Regis College (n.d.), “Nurse practitioners have an opportunity to serve as advocates for patients, families, communities, other nurses, and healthcare organizations. Through this advocacy, nurse practitioners can influence healthcare policy. By gaining a comprehensive understanding in particular areas of healthcare, nurse practitioners are uniquely situated to support positions that will benefit our communities.” Becoming an APRN prepares your ability to participate in the advocacy of healthcare policy-making.

A strategy that can be used to promote nursing professionals’ involvement in policy-making is to do so through nursing employers. For example, I would propose to create and implement a “Policy Committee” through my hospital organization to discuss the potential nurse advocacy benefits we can offer to policy-making. In addition, as mentioned by Catallo et al., (2014), to convey “Political awareness and understanding of the importance of being involved in nursing organizations, time to engage in policy development outside of nursing work, and resources to develop skills in policy participation.”

Another strategy that can be implemented to overcome the barriers of nursing involvement in policy-making is to do so through nursing education. According to Short (2008), “The foundations for a professional understanding of healthcare policy should be well laid in formal education and synthesized with practice and work environments. Without time to promote the synthesis of policy concepts related to the practice environment, nurses have no basis for further exploration and may remain naive to the influences of policy throughout their career.” If nursing students (RN or APRN) were exposed to healthcare policy and the influence their roles can have on policy-making during their nursing education, there would be much more nursing involvement in healthcare policy that is needed today.

References(Nursing Impact on Policy-Making)

Burke, A. (2016). Influence Through Policy: Nurses Have a Unique Role. Retrieved October 18, 2020, from https://nursingcentered.sigmanursing.org/commentary/more-commentary/Vol42_2_nurses-have-a-unique-role.

Catallo, C., Spalding, K., & Haghiri-Vijeh, R. (2014). Nursing Professional Organizations: What Are They Doing to Engage Nurses in Health Policy? SAGE Open. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244014560534

Regis College (n.d.). How Does Nursing Influence Health Care Policy? Retrieved October 18, 2020, from https://online.regiscollege.edu/blog/how-does-nursing-influence-health-care-policy/

Short, N. M. (2008). Influencing health policy: Strategies for nursing education to partner with nursing practice. Journal of Professional Nursing: Official Journal of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 24(5), 264–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2007.10.004

 
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Shaping Nursing Public Perception

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Shaping Nursing Public Perception

(Shaping Nursing Public Perception)

Describe how the nursing profession is viewed by the general public. Discuss factors that influence the public’s perception of nursing? Describe ways to educate the general public on the professional nurse’s role and scope of nursing within a changing health care system.

describe

The nursing profession is generally viewed by the public as one of the most trusted and respected professions. This perception is largely due to the dedication, compassion, and commitment nurses demonstrate in patient care. Surveys, such as those by Gallup, consistently rank nursing as one of the highest professions for honesty and ethical standards. The public often sees nurses as essential frontline caregivers who play a critical role in patient recovery and overall healthcare delivery.

Factors Influencing the Public’s Perception of Nursing

  1. Media Representation: Television, movies, and news outlets significantly influence public perception. While some portrayals highlight nurses’ expertise and compassion, others reinforce outdated stereotypes, depicting nurses in subordinate or non-professional roles, which can misrepresent the complexity of nursing practice.
  2. Personal Experiences: Direct interactions with nurses in clinical settings shape perceptions. Positive encounters where nurses demonstrate high levels of skill, empathy, and patient advocacy enhance the public’s view of the profession.
  3. Public Health Campaigns: Initiatives by professional organizations, such as the American Nurses Association (ANA), that advocate for policy changes and public education help convey the critical and multifaceted nature of nursing.
  4. Workforce Challenges: Issues such as nurse shortages, burnout, and workplace stress—often highlighted in the media—can impact public perception, leading to a view that the profession is demanding and under-resourced.
  5. Education and Advanced Practice Roles: The expanding roles of nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialists, and other advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) in providing primary and specialized care are gradually reshaping how the public views the profession as being more than bedside care.

Ways to Educate the Public on Nursing’s Role and Scope

  1. Public Awareness Campaigns: Launching campaigns through social media, traditional media, and community outreach can help educate the public on the extensive training, knowledge, and diverse roles of nurses. Highlighting nurses’ involvement in leadership, research, policy-making, and advanced care can broaden understanding.
  2. Community Engagement: Nurses participating in community health events, workshops, and school programs can build relationships and provide education on preventive health measures, which showcases their role as educators and community leaders.
  3. Collaboration with Media: Partnering with journalists and media outlets to create accurate and in-depth coverage of nursing stories can correct misconceptions and highlight the complex nature of nursing work.
  4. Educational Seminars and Health Talks: Hosting talks or webinars about the scope of nursing practice and its importance within a changing healthcare system can inform the public about the evolving role of nurses, especially in areas such as telehealth, chronic disease management, and patient education.
  5. Advocacy for Policy Change: Advocating for legislative changes that recognize and empower the nursing profession (such as full practice authority for nurse practitioners) can reinforce the importance of nurses in meeting healthcare demands and improving access to care.

Adapting to the Changing Health Care SystemIn the context of a rapidly evolving healthcare system, which includes technological advancements, the shift to value-based care, and an aging population, nurses are playing increasingly pivotal roles. Educating the public about how nurses integrate evidence-based practice, coordinate care, and act as patient advocates is essential to enhancing their understanding of how nursing practice adapts to and supports modern healthcare needs.

 
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PHI Privacy & Security Guidelines

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PHI Privacy & Security Guidelines

(PHI Privacy & Security Guidelines)

Assessment 2 Instructions: Protected Health Information (PHI): Privacy, Security, and Confidentiality Best Practices

Prepare a 2-page interprofessional staff update on HIPAA and appropriate social media use in health care. As you begin to consider the assessment, it would be an excellent choice to complete the Breach of Protected Health Information (PHI) activity. This will support your success with the assessment by creating the opportunity for you to test your knowledge of potential privacy, security, and confidentiality violations of protected health information. The activity is not graded and counts towards course engagement.

Health professionals today are increasingly accountable for the use of protected health information (PHI). Various government and regulatory agencies promote and support privacy and security through a variety of activities. Examples include: meaningful use of electronic health records (EHR), provision of EHR incentive programs through Medicare and Medicaid, enforcement of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) rules, and the release of educational resources and tools to help providers and hospitals address privacy, security, and confidentiality risks in their practices.

Technological advances, such as the use of social media platforms and applications for patient progress tracking and communication, have provided more access to health information and improved communication between care providers and patients. At the same time, advances such as these have resulted in more risk for protecting PHI. Nurses typically receive annual training on protecting patient information in their everyday practice. This training usually emphasizes privacy, security, and confidentiality best practices such as keeping passwords secure, logging out of public computers, and sharing patient information only with those directly providing care or who have been granted permission to receive this information.

Today, one of the major risks associated with privacy and confidentiality of patient identity and data relates to social media. Many nurses and other health care providers place themselves at risk when they use social media or other electronic communication systems inappropriately. For example, a Texas nurse was recently terminated for posting patient vaccination information on Facebook. In another case, a New York nurse was terminated for posting an insensitive emergency department photo on her Instagram account.

Health care providers today must develop their skills in mitigating risks to their patients and themselves related to patient information. At the same time, they need to be able to distinguish between effective and ineffective uses of social media in health care. This assessment will require you to develop a staff update for the interprofessional team to encourage team members to protect the privacy, confidentiality, and security of patient information.

Demonstration of Proficiency
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:

  • Competency 1: Describe nurses’ and the interdisciplinary team’s role in informatics with a focus on electronic health information and patient care technology to support decision making. Describe the security, privacy, and confidentiality laws related to protecting sensitive electronic health information that govern the interdisciplinary team. Explain the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration to safeguard sensitive electronic health information.
  • Competency 2: Implement evidence-based strategies to effectively manage protected health information. Identify evidence-based approaches to mitigate risks to patients and health care staff related to sensitive electronic health information. Develop a professional, effective staff update that educates interprofessional team members about protecting the security, privacy, and confidentiality of patient data, particularly as it pertains to social media usage.
  • Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication to facilitate use of health information and patient care technologies. Follow APA style and formatting guidelines for citations and references. Create a clear, concise, well-organized, and professional staff update that is generally free from errors in grammar, punctuation, and spelling.

Preparation(PHI Privacy & Security Guidelines)
To successfully prepare to complete this assessment, complete the following:

  • Review the infographics on protecting PHI provided in the resources for this assessment, or find other infographics to review. These infographics serve as examples of how to succinctly summarize evidence-based information.
  • Analyze these infographics, and distill them into five or six principles of what makes them effective. As you design your interprofessional staff update, apply these principles. Note: In a staff update, you will not have all the images and graphics that an infographic might contain. Instead, focus your analysis on what makes the messaging effective.

Select from any of the following options, or a combination of options, the focus of your interprofessional staff update: social media best practices, what not to do: social media, social media risks to patient information, or steps to take if a breach occurs.

Conduct independent research on the topic you have selected in addition to reviewing the suggested resources for this assessment. This information will serve as the source(s) of the information contained in your interprofessional staff update. Consult the BSN Program Library Research Guide for help in identifying scholarly and/or authoritative sources.

Instructions
In this assessment, assume you are a nurse in an acute care, community, school, nursing home, or other health care setting. Before your shift begins, you scroll through Facebook and notice that a coworker has posted a photo of herself and a patient on Facebook. The post states, “I am so happy Jane is feeling better. She is just the best patient I’ve ever had, and I am excited that she is on the road to recovery.”

You have recently completed your annual continuing education requirements at work and realize this is a breach of your organization’s social media policy. Your organization requires employees to immediately report such breaches to the privacy officer to ensure the post is removed immediately and that the nurse responsible receives appropriate corrective action. You follow appropriate organizational protocols and report the breach to the privacy officer. The privacy officer takes swift action to remove the post. Due to the severity of the breach, the organization terminates the nurse.

Based on this incident’s severity, your organization has established a task force with two main goals: educate staff on HIPAA and appropriate social media use in health care, and prevent confidentiality, security, and privacy breaches. The task force has been charged with creating a series of interprofessional staff updates on the following topics: social media best practices, what not to do: social media, social media risks to patient information, and steps to take if a breach occurs.

You are asked to select one of the topics, or a combination of several topics, and create the content for a staff update containing a maximum of two content pages. When distributed to interprofessional team members, the update will consist of one double-sided page. The task force has asked team members assigned to the topics to include the following content in their updates in addition to content on their selected topic(s):

  • What is protected health information (PHI)? Be sure to include essential HIPAA information.
  • What are privacy, security, and confidentiality? Define and provide examples of privacy, security, and confidentiality concerns related to the use of the technology in health care.
  • Explain the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration to safeguard sensitive electronic health information.
  • What evidence relating to social media usage and PHI do interprofessional team members need to be aware of? For example:
    • How many nurses have been terminated for inappropriate social media usage in the United States?
    • What types of sanctions have health care organizations imposed on interdisciplinary team members who have violated social media policies?
    • What have been the financial penalties assessed against health care organizations for inappropriate social media usage?
    • What evidence-based strategies have health care organizations employed to prevent or reduce confidentiality, privacy, and security breaches, particularly related to social media usage?

Notes(PHI Privacy & Security Guidelines)
Your staff update is limited to two double-spaced content pages. Be selective about the content you choose to include in your update so that you are able to meet the page length requirement. Include need-to-know information. Leave out nice-to-know information.

Many times, people do not read staff updates, do not read them carefully, or do not read them to the end. Ensure your staff update piques staff members’ interest, highlights key points, and is easy to read. Avoid overcrowding the update with too much content.

Also, supply a separate reference page that includes 2–3 peer-reviewed and 1–2 non-peer-reviewed resources (for a total of 3–5 resources) to support the staff update content.

Additional Requirements

  • Written communication: Ensure the staff update is free from errors that detract from the overall message.
  • Submission length: Maximum of two double-spaced content pages.
  • Font and font size: Use Times New Roman, 12-point.
  • Citations and references: Provide a separate reference page that includes 2–3 current, peer-reviewed and 1–2 current, non-peer-reviewed in-text citations and references (total of 3–5 resources) that support the staff update’s content. Current means no older than 5 years.
  • APA format: Be sure your citations and references adhere to APA format. Consult the APA Style and Form.
 
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Culturally Sensitive Health Assessments

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Culturally Sensitive Health Assessments

(Culturally Sensitive Health Assessments)

Assessing and Treating Patients With Anxiety Disorders

Examine Case Study: A Middle-Aged Caucasian Man With Anxiety (https://mym.cdn.laureate-media.com/2dett4d/Walden/NURS/6630/DT/week_05/index.html). You will be asked to make three decisions concerning the medication to prescribe to this patient. Be sure to consider factors that might impact the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes. At each decision point, you should evaluate all options before selecting your decision and moving throughout the exercise. Before you make your decision, make sure that you have researched each option and that you evaluate the decision that you will select. Be sure to research each option using the primary literature.

Introduction to the case 

Briefly explain and summarize the case for this Assignment. Be sure to include the specific patient factors that may impact your decision-making when prescribing medication for this patient.

Decision #1 

Which decision did you select? Why did you select this decision? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.

Why did you not select the other two options provided in the exercise? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.

What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources (including the primary literature).

Explain how ethical considerations may impact your treatment plan and communication with patients. Be specific and provide examples.

Decision #2 

Why did you select this decision? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.

Why did you not select the other two options provided in the exercise? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.

What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources (including the primary literature).

Explain how ethical considerations may impact your treatment plan and communication with patients. Be specific and provide examples.

Decision #3 

Why did you select this decision? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.

Why did you not select the other two options provided in the exercise? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.

What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources (including the primary literature).

Explain how ethical considerations may impact your treatment plan and communication with patients. Be specific and provide examples.

Conclusion 

Summarize your recommendations on the treatment options you selected for this patient. Be sure to justify your recommendations and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.

Add more references as needed.

References

Bui, E., Pollack, M. H., Kinrys, G., Delong, H., Vasconcelos e S, D., & Simon, N. M. (2016). The pharmacotherapy of anxiety disorders. In T. A. Stern, M. Favo, T. E. Wilens, & J. F. Rosenbaum (Eds.), Massachusetts General Hospital psychopharmacology and neurotherapeutics (pp. 61–71). Elsevier.

Bendek, D. M., Friedman, M. J., Zatzick, D., & Ursano, R. J. (n.d.). Guideline watch (March 2009): Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. Retrieved from https://psychiatryonline.org/pb/assets/raw/sitewide/practice_guidelines/guidelines/acutestressdisorderptsd-watch.pdf

Ostacher, M. J., & Cifu, A. S. (2019). Management of posttraumatic stress disorder. JAMA, 321(2), 200–201. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.19290

 
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Diversity and Health Assessments

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Diversity and Health Assessments

Diversity and Health Assessments

TJ, a 32-year-old pregnant lesbian, is being seen for an annual physical exam and has been having vaginal discharge. Her pregnancy has been without complication thus far. She has been receiving prenatal care from an obstetrician. She received sperm from a local sperm bank. She is currently taking prenatal vitamins and takes over the counter Tylenol for aches and pains on occasion. She has a strong family history of diabetes. Gravida 1; Para 0; Abortions 0.

May 2012, Alice Randall wrote an article for The New York Times on the cultural factors that encouraged black women to maintain a weight above what is considered healthy. Randall explained—from her observations and her personal experience as a black woman—that many African-American communities and cultures consider women who are overweight to be more beautiful and desirable than women at a healthier weight. As she put it, “Many black women are fat because we want to be” (Randall, 2012).

Photo Credit: Getty Images

Randall’s statements sparked a great deal of controversy and debate; however, they emphasize an underlying reality in the healthcare field: different populations, cultures, and groups have diverse beliefs and practices that impact their health. Nurses and healthcare professionals should be aware of this reality and adapt their health assessment techniques and recommendations to accommodate diversity.

In this Discussion, you will consider different socioeconomic, spiritual, lifestyle, and other cultural factors that should be taken into consideration when building a health history for patients with diverse backgrounds. Your Instructor will assign a case study to you for this Discussion.

To prepare: Reflect on your experiences as a nurse and on the information provided in this week’s Learning Resources on diversity issues in health assessments. By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned a case study by your Instructor. Note: Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your case study assignment.

Reflect on the specific socioeconomic, spiritual, lifestyle, and other cultural factors related to the health of the patient assigned to you. Consider how you would build a health history for the patient. What questions would you ask, and how would you frame them to be sensitive to the patient’s background, lifestyle, and culture? Develop five targeted questions you would ask the patient to build his or her health history and to assess his or her health risks.

Think about the challenges associated with communicating with patients from a variety of specific populations. What strategies can you as a nurse employ to be sensitive to different cultural factors while gathering the pertinent information?

By Day 3 of Week 2 Post an explanation of the specific socioeconomic, spiritual, lifestyle, and other cultural factors associated with the patient you were assigned. Explain the issues that you would need to be sensitive to when interacting with the patient, and why. Provide at least five targeted questions you would ask the patient to build his or her health history and to assess his or her health risks.

References.

 
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Patient Preferences & Decision Making

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Patient Preferences & Decision Making

(Patient Preferences & Decision Making)

Discussion: Patient Preferences & Decision Making

Evidence – based project

Changes in culture and technology have resulted in patient populations that are often well informed and educated, even before consulting or considering a healthcare need delivered by a health professional. Fueled by this, health professionals are increasingly involving patients in treatment decisions. However, this often comes with challenges, as illnesses and treatments can become complex.

What has your experience been with patient involvement in treatment or healthcare decisions? In this Discussion, you will share your experiences and consider the impact of patient involvement (or lack of involvement). You will also consider the use of a patient decision aid to inform best practices for patient care and healthcare decision making.

To Prepare:

  • Review the Resources and reflect on a time when you experienced a patient being brought into (or not being brought into) a decision regarding their treatment plan.
  • Review the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute’s Decision Aids Inventory at https://decisionaid.ohri.ca/.
    • Choose “For Specific Conditions,” then Browse an alphabetical listing of decision aids by health topic.

NOTE: To ensure compliance with HIPAA rules, please DO NOT use the patient’s real name or any information that might identify the patient or organization/practice.

By Day 3 of Week 8

Post a brief description of the situation you experienced and explain how incorporating or not incorporating patient preferences and values impacted the outcome of their treatment plan. Be specific and provide examples. Then, explain how including patient preferences and values might impact the trajectory of the situation and how these were reflected in the treatment plan. Finally, explain the value of the patient decision aid you selected and how it might contribute to effective decision making, both in general and in the experience you described. Describe how you might use this decision aid inventory in your professional practice or personal life.

Assignment: Evidence-Based Project, Part 5: Recommending an Evidence-Based Practice Change

The collection of evidence is an activity that occurs with an endgame in mind. For example, law enforcement professionals collect evidence to support a decision to charge those accused of criminal activity. Similarly, evidence-based healthcare practitioners collect evidence to support decisions in pursuit of specific healthcare outcomes.

In this Assignment, you will identify an issue or opportunity for change within your healthcare organization and propose an idea for a change in practice supported by an EBP approach.

To Prepare:

  • Reflect on the four peer-reviewed articles you critically appraised in Module 4.
  • Reflect on your current healthcare organization and think about potential opportunities for evidence-based change.

The Assignment: (Evidence-Based Project) Part 5: Recommending an Evidence-Based Practice Change

Create an 8- to 9-slide PowerPoint presentation in which you do the following:

  • Briefly describe your healthcare organization, including its culture and readiness for change. (You may opt to keep various elements of this anonymous, such as your company name.)
  • Describe the current problem or opportunity for change. Include in this description the circumstances surrounding the need for change, the scope of the issue, the stakeholders involved, and the risks associated with change implementation in general.
  • Propose an evidence-based idea for a change in practice using an EBP approach to decision making. Note that you may find further research needs to be conducted if sufficient evidence is not discovered.
  • Describe your plan for knowledge transfer of this change, including knowledge creation, dissemination, and organizational adoption and implementation.
  • Describe the measurable outcomes you hope to achieve with the implementation of this evidence-based change.
  • Be sure to provide APA citations of the supporting evidence-based peer-reviewed articles you selected to support your thinking.
  • Add a lessons learned section that includes the following:
    • A summary of the critical appraisal of the peer-reviewed articles you previously submitted.
    • An explanation about what you learned from completing the evaluation table (1 slide).
    • An explanation about what you learned from completing the levels of evidence table (1 slide).
    • An explanation about what you learned from completing the outcomes synthesis table (1 slide).

Required Readings

Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer. Chapter 7, “Patient Concerns, Choices and Clinical Judgement in Evidence-Based Practice” (pp. 219–232).

Hoffman, T. C., Montori, V. M., & Del Mar, C. (2014). The connection between evidence-based medicine and shared decision making. Journal of the American Medical Association, 312(13), 1295–1296. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.10186. Retrieved from https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/1910118 Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Kon, A. A., Davidson, J. E., Morrison, W., Danis, M., & White, D. B. (2016). Shared decision making in intensive care units: An American College of Critical Care Medicine and American Thoracic Society policy statement. Critical Care Medicine, 44(1), 188–201. doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000001396. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4788386/ Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Opperman, C., Liebig, D., Bowling, J., & Johnson, C. S., & Harper, M. (2016). Measuring return on investment for professional development activities: Implications for practice. Journal for Nurses in Professional Development, 32(4), 176–184. doi:10.1097/NND.0000000000000483 Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Schroy, P. C., Mylvaganam, S., & Davidson, P. (2014). Provider perspectives on the utility of a colorectal cancer screening decision aid for facilitating shared decision making. Health Expectations, 17(1), 27–35. doi:10.1111/j.1369-7625.2011.00730.x Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

 
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Poverty’s Impact on Aging

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Poverty’s Impact on Aging

(Poverty’s Impact on Aging)

Poverty significantly impacts the aging process, influencing both physical and mental health. Older adults living in poverty often experience limited access to essential resources such as nutritious food, medical care, and safe housing. This deprivation exacerbates health issues, leading to higher incidences of chronic illnesses like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension. The lack of adequate healthcare can result in delayed or insufficient treatment, worsening overall health outcomes.

Children in poverty | PPT

Social isolation is another consequence of poverty that affects older adults. Limited financial resources often restrict social interactions and access to community programs, fostering feelings of loneliness and depression. Mental health issues are compounded by the stress of financial insecurity, contributing to cognitive decline and reduced quality of life.

Additionally, older adults in poverty face barriers in accessing preventive services and medications that could mitigate age-related issues. This can accelerate physical deterioration and increase dependence on caregivers, who are often equally burdened by financial strain. The interplay of these factors not only reduces life expectancy but also the years spent in good health.

Addressing these challenges requires targeted public health initiatives and policies that focus on improving access to healthcare, nutrition, and social support to promote healthy aging and reduce the disparities faced by older adults living in poverty.

 

Discussion:Healthy aging is an important public health issue, both nationally and internationally. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes healthy aging as a process whereby all people of all ages are able to live a healthy, safe and socially inclusive lifestyle.

Discuss how social determinants of health for the older adult are impacted for those living in poverty.

Instructions:Word limit 500 words.  Support your answers with the literature and provide citations and references in APA format.

Reference.

World Health Organization (WHO) – Healthy Aging:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) – Social Determinants of Health:

 
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