Improving Public Health Quality

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Improving Public Health Quality

(Improving Public Health Quality)

  • Discuss efforts to improve public health quality. 250-400 words.

use APA format. indicate which words are yours and which are the reference

Efforts to improve public health quality are integral to addressing health disparities and enhancing the overall well-being of populations. Various initiatives, policies, and programs have been designed to tackle public health challenges, improve access to healthcare, and ensure healthier communities. One significant effort is the implementation of health promotion and disease prevention programs that focus on reducing chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer (Healthy People 2030, 2020). These programs emphasize the importance of physical activity, nutrition, smoking cessation, and mental health support. By targeting key lifestyle factors, these initiatives aim to reduce the burden of preventable diseases and improve quality of life.

Another essential effort to improve public health is the expansion of healthcare access, particularly through policies such as the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in the United States. The ACA has provided millions of individuals with access to affordable health insurance, ensuring that more people can seek preventive care, vaccinations, and regular screenings (Sommers et al., 2017). These efforts not only improve individual health outcomes but also reduce healthcare costs by preventing diseases and addressing health issues before they become severe.

Public health surveillance and data collection also play a crucial role in improving quality. Monitoring trends in diseases, vaccination rates, and risk factors allows public health authorities to develop targeted interventions (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2020). These efforts help ensure that resources are allocated efficiently, and interventions are tailored to the needs of specific populations.

Efforts to improve public health quality are ongoing, requiring collaboration between governments, healthcare providers, and communities. By promoting prevention, improving access to care, and leveraging data, we can create healthier environments that enhance the quality of life for individuals across the globe.

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Public health surveillance. https://www.cdc.gov/surveillance

Healthy People 2030. (2020). Health promotion and disease prevention objectives. https://www.healthypeople.gov/2030/topics-objectives

Sommers, B. D., Maylone, B., & Blendon, R. J. (2017). The Affordable Care Act and access to care in the United States. The New England Journal of Medicine, 376(4), 350-356. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsa1614374

 
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Trends in Evaluation Vocabulary

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Trends in Evaluation Vocabulary

(Trends in Evaluation Vocabulary)

Assignment trends in evaluation vocabulary

Background:

As evaluation has grown as a discipline over the past 50 years, scholars and practitioners from multiple disciplines have contributed to the vocabulary within the field. Consider the following example of the way one term, validity, has evolved within evaluation. In early publications from the 1960s, scholars suggested that validity of evaluation studies be based on the concept of validity as it is understood within experimental research. Validity is a core concept that forms the foundation of any basic understanding of research. Ernest House, an evaluation expert, challenged this definition and pushed for the reconceptualization of validity in evaluation research. He sought to broaden the concept to include issues of fairness, coherence, and justice as indicators of or threats to validity within evaluation. Although House argument may seem minor, it has contributed to a greater emphasis on the social justice aspect of evaluation. After all, many if not most programs that are evaluated have the aim of improving lives. Even if technical research specifications and ethical guidelines are followed, without scrutinizing program evaluation for fairness and a sense of justice to the purpose of the program and its recipients, validity may be lacking.

For this Assignment, you will explore glossaries of evaluation terminology and consider any trends that appear during your analysis.

To Prepare:

  • Conduct an Internet search for glossaries on evaluation.
  • As you locate vocabularies, taxonomies, and glossaries, take note of how they have changed or remained the same over the decades. Also, consider their breadth or depth, as well as specific instances of how terms are treated similarly or differently across them.
  • Select 15 resources to use for this Assignment.
  • You will need to create an annotated bibliography of these sources.

To Do:

  • Create a chronological citation list of 15 resources you located.
  • Use APA formatting and provide a hyperlink to each one.
  • Annotate the list with your observations about how the glossaries are similar or different (around 150 words for each citation).
  • Explain any trends that appeared during your research.
 
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Initial Program Assessment Memo

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Initial Program Assessment Memo

(Initial Program Assessment Memo)

To begin your course project, make sure to READ over the Course Project Introduction BEFORE you start this assignment. For this assignment you will be writing a 1-2 page professional memo (template linked below) to your company executive staff addressing the following points:

  • Name of your company: Company Name: Drip & Jam Backpack
  • Provide an introduction of the program based on the project overview
  • As the program manager, what is your initial assessment of the program?
  • What do you believe your first action as the Program may be with this project
  • List at least 3 initial concerns with the program
  • Memo conclusion

Memo Template

Project Overview

Below is the scenario for the course project assignment. You are assuming the role of the project manager for a company (you select the name) to provide a new product (Backpack with built in refrigerated pouch and radio module) to a customer ( U.S. Army, Ground Forces and Special Operations). Each week you will be presented additional information on the project and will be required to produce a weekly deliverable in support of the project.

The course project is designed to address the course objective as well as incorporate each of the weekly modules objectives. You will be required to submit a final paper on the project addressing all of the objectives described in the project summary.

Scenario

Your company was recently awarded a delivery contract on a new product (see below). You were newly hired by the company; you will assume the role as the assigned program manager overseeing the design, development, production and delivery of the new product. The details below provide a summary to the course project:

  • Company type (name your company): A small defense contractor located in the United States of America
  • Company size (employees): 100
  • Product: Backpack with built in refrigerated pouch and radio module
  • Awarded quantity: 200 units (100 assigned to Ground Forces / 100 assigned to Special Operations)
  • Program Budget: Proposed award: $1,500,000
  • Customer: U.S. Army, Ground Forces and Special Operations
  • Award date: September 1, 2015
  • Completion date: March 1, 2017
  • Delivery schedule: 100 units 12mths ARO (after receipt of order). 50 units every 3 months after first delivery
  • Milestone Schedule:
    • First delivery: September 1, 2016
    • Second delivery: December 1, 2016
    • Last delivery: March 1, 2017
    • First milestone payment (from customer): October 30, 2015
    • Second Milestone payment: January 30, 2017
    • Final Milestone payment: May 30, 2017
    • Initial Program review (at the customer’s site): November 16, 2015
    • Subsequent Program reviews: 6 months after the initial review

Expected Result from Senior Management:

  • On-time delivery for the three stated product deliverables
  • Desire to complete the total program under the stated budget of $1,500,000
  • All milestones accomplished by due dates listed
  • Supplemental (follow-on) contract for future additional units (backpacks
 
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Gender Stereotypes and Demographics

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Gender Stereotypes and Demographics

(Gender Stereotypes and Demographics)

Introduction to cultural anthropology 2Week 3 – Discussion 1
Women in Science and Demographic Mapping [WLOs: 1, 2] [CLOs: 1, 2, 4, 5]

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, review the following Required Resources:

Note: Should a pay requestor pop up indicating that you have exceeded your quota of article viewing, simply access the resource after switching your browser to InPrivate mode (IE browser), Private mode (Firefox browser), or Incognito mode (Chrome browser).

Choose one of the following two options to address in this discussion. Be sure that your initial post meets the full length requirement of 300 words, and that you incorporate at least two of this week’s required resources in your post, one of which should be the textbook. Include citations and a full reference to your chosen sources. (See the Required Resources page for all references in APA format).

Option 1: Read What We Learn From 50 Years of Kids Drawing Scientists (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. and Understanding Why Girls Underperform at Science

  • When you picture a scientist, what does that person look like?
  • When you were a child, how did you picture scientists?
  • What role does gender stereotyping play in the tendency for girls to grow up to be scientists?
  • How does this vary around the world?
  • What kind of cultural messages do we send to children by the way different professions are portrayed in the media, books, movies, and television?
  • How can we help all children overcome stereotypes that may influence their educational performance?

Option 2: Read Scientists Can Now Figure Out Detailed, Accurate Neighborhood Demographics Using Google Street View Photos (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. and A Map of Whole Foods vs. Wal-Mart in the Bay Area (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. Using Instant Street View (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., enter your own neighborhood or zip code (or choose another place you’ve lived or visited that you would like to explore). In your post, identify the area you are exploring. Review your surroundings as though you were an anthropologist. Include screenshots if you would like to do so.

  • What can you tell about the area? Is it urban, suburban, or rural?
  • What kind of buildings are there?
    • Do the buildings look like single family houses or apartments?
    • How many stories are they?
    • How much space is there between buildings?
    • Are there yards and gardens? If so, what is in those yards and gardens?
  • What kind of vehicles do you see in this neighborhood?
  • What is the likely socioeconomic status of the people who live there, based on the buildings, vehicles, and yards?
  • What do you think the everyday lives are like for the people who live there?
  • Do your observations fit with your knowledge of what this area is like? How do your observations fit with the two articles you read?
(Gender Stereotypes and Demographics)
Week 3 – Discussion 2
You are required to contribute 150 words to this forum by Day 7 (Monday). Refer to the Discussion Forum Grading Rubric under the Settings icon above for guidance on how your discussion will be evaluated.

Week 3 Open Discussion [WLO: 3] [CLO: 1]

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, review this week’s readings, guidance, and announcements. Reflect on what you found interesting, surprising, or confusing.

This discussion forum is an opportunity for you to explore topics that interest you, share critical insights and questions that you are working with, share your struggles and triumphs, and discuss difficulties that may have arisen this week. Your initial post should describe your experiences in the course this past week, prompting further discussion. Address at least two of the following questions:

  • Was there anything that caused you to view the world around you differently or examine a topic from a different perspective?
  • What struck you in particular as you explored the course materials this week?
  • Do you have questions that your classmates might be able to help you with? (If you have a question for the instructor, be sure to contact your instructor via email or in the Ask Your Instructor forum).
  • Part of having the growth mindset, which we talked about in the Post Your Introduction forum, is to learn from the feedback and critiques you get from your instructor and classmates. Review your feedback on the Roots of Prejudice and American Dialects Discussion in Week 2. How will you incorporate your instructor’s comments on this week’s discussion? (If you have a specific question about your feedback, be sure to contact your instructor via email).
 
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Early Mobilization ICU Project

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Early Mobilization ICU Project

(Early Mobilization ICU Project)

lp04 1 assignment journal

Directions

Requirements: Project update: Provide a review of your Plan stage of the PDSA Improvement Model. Include:
1. Aim statement
2. Changes made
3. Changes based on evidence based sources?
4. What criteria have you chosen to measure success?
Length (at least 250-350 words)

Criteria
1. LP04 Journal Content: Provided a review of your Plan stage of the PDSA Improvement Model including changes made.

Project Update: Review of Plan Stage of the PDSA Improvement Model

In the Plan stage of the PDSA cycle, my goal was to identify and plan improvements based on evidence-based practices to enhance patient outcomes. The aim of the project is to improve the early mobilization of ICU patients to reduce the risk of complications such as pressure ulcers, deep vein thrombosis, and muscle atrophy.

  1. Aim Statement: The aim of this project is to improve the early mobilization of ICU patients within 24 hours of admission by 30% over the next three months, in order to reduce hospital-associated complications and enhance recovery.
  2. Changes Made: Based on evidence from clinical guidelines and nursing practice recommendations, several changes have been implemented. These include:
    • Establishing a protocol for early assessment by physical therapy within the first 12 hours of ICU admission.
    • Training ICU staff on the importance of early mobilization and encouraging collaborative efforts between nurses, physical therapists, and respiratory therapists.
    • Creating a tracking system to monitor the frequency and effectiveness of early mobilization interventions.
  3. Changes Based on Evidence-Based Sources: The changes were guided by evidence-based sources, particularly clinical guidelines and research studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of early mobilization in preventing ICU-related complications. A study by Schweickert et al. (2009) highlighted the importance of early physical therapy and mobility in improving patient outcomes, while a review by Hodgson et al. (2014) emphasized the reduction in ICU delirium and muscle weakness through early mobilization. These sources helped inform the implementation of the early mobilization protocol and the involvement of interdisciplinary teams to achieve optimal outcomes.
  4. Criteria for Measuring Success: Success will be measured using the following criteria:
    • The percentage of ICU patients who receive early mobilization interventions within the first 24 hours of admission.
    • Reduction in the incidence of complications such as pressure ulcers, deep vein thrombosis, and ICU-acquired weakness.
    • Feedback from staff through surveys on the effectiveness and feasibility of the early mobilization protocol.
    • Patient outcomes related to length of ICU stay and overall recovery.

In conclusion, the Plan stage has been an essential part of the PDSA cycle, as it allowed for evidence-based changes to be strategically planned and integrated into the ICU’s routine care practices. These changes are expected to lead to measurable improvements in patient outcomes, which will be tracked and analyzed during the Do and Study stages of the PDSA cycle.

 
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Business Reporting and Research

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Business Reporting and Research

(Business Reporting and Research)

Discussion 1

Think of a time (in your current or past place of employment) when you created a business report. If you have never created a business report, think of a potential situation relevant to your field of study in which a business report would be needed. What kinds of Internet research could you do to gather relevant information? What search terms would you use?

Discussion 2

What is the purpose of an executive summary? What items need to be included in an executive summary?

Student’s reply

I was a project manager at the time I wrote the business report. My team was implementing a technology known as Optical Character Recognition (OCR). OCR detects words on pages and converts them into electronic fields for other computer systems to ingest. The business area that was requesting the implementation of OCR wanted the OCR software to perform with 100% accuracy. The IT team felt this was unreasonable so I began doing some internet research around industry standards to discuss a reasonable expectation with the business area. I searched for terms like “OCR”, “OCR gold standard” and “OCR accuracy” and learned 65-75% accuracy was a more realistic target.

Requirement: I need two totally different short answers for each question (Total 6 answers)

(Business Reporting and Research)

Discussion 1 – Answer 1:
In my role as a healthcare administrator, I once needed to create a business report analyzing patient no-show rates and their impact on revenue. Internet research was crucial to find best practices for reducing no-show rates. I searched terms like “reducing patient no-shows,” “appointment reminder systems,” and “healthcare scheduling strategies” to identify effective solutions and industry benchmarks.

Discussion 1 – Answer 2:
As a nursing student, I envisioned a situation where I would need to prepare a business report evaluating the cost-effectiveness of telehealth services in rural areas. For research, I could look up “telehealth cost-benefit analysis,” “telehealth adoption in rural communities,” and “impact of telehealth on patient outcomes” to gather data and case studies to support the report.

Discussion 2 – Answer 1:
An executive summary serves to provide a concise overview of a report for decision-makers who may not have time to read the entire document. It should include the purpose of the report, key findings, recommendations, and any critical data supporting conclusions, allowing readers to quickly grasp the report’s value.

Discussion 2 – Answer 2:
The purpose of an executive summary is to summarize the main points of a report clearly and persuasively, enabling busy stakeholders to make informed decisions. It should include the report’s objective, a summary of findings, the methodology used, and any actionable recommendations or conclusions drawn.

Student’s Reply – Feedback 1:
Your example demonstrates an effective use of internet research to set realistic expectations for stakeholders. Including terms like “OCR industry standards” could further refine the search to identify benchmark data from reliable sources.

Student’s Reply – Feedback 2:
Your research approach is sound and highlights the importance of managing expectations with evidence-based data. For added rigor, exploring terms like “OCR performance limitations” or “factors affecting OCR accuracy” might provide deeper insights into achievable outcomes.

 
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Challenges in Hazard Assessment

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Challenges in Hazard Assessment

(Challenges in Hazard Assessment)

Each question at least 2 to 3 body paragraphs.

1. Drawing on your current knowledge of an HVA, explain why a county assessment might be different from a city / borough one.

3. What are the complexities you are likely to encounter as you build an HVA based on the Liberty County information provided?

1. Drawing on your current knowledge of an HVA, explain why a county assessment might be different from a city/borough one.

A Hazard Vulnerability Assessment (HVA) is a critical tool used to identify potential threats and risks to a community, but the level at which it is conducted—whether at a county or city/borough level—can significantly impact the results and the approach taken. A county-wide assessment often encompasses a broader scope, considering the diverse range of municipalities, rural areas, and infrastructure spread across a larger geographical region. This scale requires the assessment to account for a wide variety of risks, including natural disasters, technological hazards, and human-made threats, which may affect different areas within the county in unique ways. For example, rural areas within the county might face different challenges compared to urbanized regions, such as limited access to healthcare facilities, while urban areas might need to focus on risks related to densely populated environments, such as transportation hazards or infrastructure failures.

In contrast, a city or borough assessment is more localized, which allows for a more focused evaluation of hazards specific to the urban environment. In these settings, higher population density, critical infrastructure, and public services such as schools and hospitals are concentrated in a smaller geographic area. A city’s HVA will more likely prioritize risks associated with dense traffic, large-scale events, or terrorism, while a borough might be concerned with risks linked to local crime rates or specific neighborhood infrastructure failures. Additionally, cities often have more detailed data and resources to pinpoint localized vulnerabilities, such as the safety of buildings in seismic zones or flood plains. In this way, the scale of the community influences the depth and type of risks identified in the assessment, as well as the specific planning and mitigation strategies that need to be developed.

(Challenges in Hazard Assessment)

3. What are the complexities you are likely to encounter as you build an HVA based on the Liberty County information provided?

Building an HVA for Liberty County presents several complexities due to its larger, more varied landscape compared to smaller municipalities. First, the diversity in geography and population density across the county means that different areas will face different hazards. For instance, rural parts of Liberty County may be more vulnerable to natural disasters like wildfires or floods due to the large expanse of undeveloped land, while more urbanized areas could be at greater risk from infrastructure failure, terrorist threats, or large-scale public health emergencies. This necessitates a more granular approach to risk assessment, with detailed data collection for both rural and urban areas, to ensure that all potential threats are adequately addressed. Additionally, each community within the county may have its own unique vulnerabilities, requiring tailored risk management strategies that align with local capabilities and resources.

Another significant challenge is coordinating and collecting data from multiple jurisdictions within the county. Liberty County may have various agencies, departments, and community organizations that each maintain their own records of hazards, assets, and vulnerabilities. Integrating this information into a cohesive HVA can be difficult, especially if different entities use different data standards, risk metrics, or priorities. Furthermore, the county may have limited resources or discrepancies in the level of preparedness across different communities. For example, a small rural town may lack the infrastructure or funding to adequately assess and address local vulnerabilities, while a larger city within the county might have access to advanced technology and resources. Bridging these gaps while ensuring a comprehensive and equitable assessment of the entire county’s hazards is a complex yet crucial part of the process. Lastly, Liberty County’s diverse population and varying levels of socioeconomic resources could result in differences in how vulnerabilities are experienced and mitigated, requiring consideration of equity in risk assessments and response planning.

 
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Tragic Figures in Antigone

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Tragic Figures in Antigone

(Tragic Figures in Antigone)

Discussion Board 2: Greek TragedyAfter reading the scene from Sophocles’ Antigone and the material on Aristotle’s The poetics, answer the following questions:

1. What are the three main criteria for what Aristotle says makes a “tragic figure,” or “tragic hero” in drama?

Both Creon and Antigone are both victims of great tragedy. Who is the “tragic figure” in this play: Antigone or Creon? If you do a quick google search, many sources will tell you that Creon is the tragic hero. But is there a case for Antigone?

2. What examples from the play prove that Antigone also arguably meets the criteria of a tragic Hero?

  1. Aristotle’s Criteria for a Tragic Hero:

In The Poetics, Aristotle outlines three main criteria for a tragic hero:

  • Hamartia (Flaw or Error): The tragic hero has a flaw or makes an error in judgment that leads to their downfall.
  • Peripeteia (Reversal of Fortune): The hero experiences a dramatic reversal of fortune, moving from a state of happiness or power to one of suffering or destruction due to their own actions.
  • Anagnorisis (Recognition or Discovery): The hero comes to a moment of recognition, where they understand their flaw or mistake, often too late to prevent their tragic end.

According to Aristotle, these elements create the emotional response of catharsis in the audience—pity and fear—which makes tragedy a powerful form of drama.

  1. Who is the Tragic Figure in Antigone—Creon or Antigone?

While many sources claim Creon as the tragic hero of Antigone, there is also a strong case to be made for Antigone herself fitting the criteria of a tragic hero.

Antigone as a Tragic Hero:

  • Hamartia (Flaw or Error): Antigone’s tragic flaw could be seen as her unyielding loyalty to her family and the gods. Her determination to bury her brother Polynices, despite the king’s decree, leads to her arrest and eventual death. She is unwavering in her belief that divine law supersedes human law.
  • Peripeteia (Reversal of Fortune): Antigone begins the play determined and confident, ready to fulfill what she sees as her duty to her brother and to the gods. However, this confidence leads to her arrest by Creon and a slow, painful death by entombment. The reversal occurs when her commitment to what she believes is right directly leads to her destruction.
  • Anagnorisis (Recognition): Antigone doesn’t experience a typical recognition moment like Creon, but she does show a certain acceptance of her fate. Her tragic recognition comes when she understands that her actions, though justified in her eyes, have condemned her to death, yet she accepts this willingly as part of fulfilling her moral duty.

Thus, while Creon may seem to fulfill these criteria as the ruler whose decisions lead to the destruction of his family and his downfall, Antigone’s tragic flaw, the reversal of her fortune, and her eventual acceptance of her fate make her a strong contender for the tragic hero role.

Conclusion:

Both Creon and Antigone can be seen as tragic figures in Sophocles’ Antigone, but Antigone arguably fulfills the criteria of a tragic hero as laid out by Aristotle. Her steadfast determination to honor divine law over earthly decrees leads to her downfall, making her a classic example of a tragic figure who suffers due to her commitment to a principle.

 
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Transparency Shapes Employee Perceptions

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Transparency Shapes Employee Perceptions

(Transparency Shapes Employee Perceptions)

Given that an organization is reliant on employees to achieve its mission and objectives, there would appear to be value in organizational transparency. If employees perceive that leaders and managers are being transparent, their attitude toward work and overall efficiency will be better, even if they do not agree with the leaders and managers decisions. However, if employees perceive or discover that organizational leaders and managers have not been transparent, their efforts may reflect a less caring attitude. In such cases, there may not be any difference between employee perception and fact.

Consider the aforementioned aspects, and using the University online library resources, research the importance of employee attitudes and perception.

Then, respond to the following:

  • How important are employee attitudes and emotions as well as transparency in shaping organizational behavior?
  • Elaborate on how employee perceptions shape organizational behavior. Are perceptions and reality always the same?

By the due date assigned, post your response to the appropriate Discussion Area. Through the end of the module, review and comment on at least two peers’ responses.

Write your initial response in 300-500 words. Your response should be thorough and address all components of the discussion question in detail, include citations of all sources, where needed, according to the APA Style, and demonstrate accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation

The Role of Transparency in Shaping Employee Perceptions and Organizational Behavior

Organizational transparency is a cornerstone of trust, accountability, and employee engagement. When leaders are transparent, employees are more likely to feel valued and respected, which positively impacts their attitudes and emotions. Employee attitudes—encompassing their feelings, beliefs, and values about their work—play a critical role in shaping organizational behavior. These attitudes influence how employees interact with each other, approach tasks, and perceive the organization’s goals and culture.

Transparency serves as a catalyst for positive employee perceptions. Employees who perceive their leaders as transparent are more likely to trust organizational decisions, even if they disagree with them. For example, sharing the rationale behind a major restructuring or a budget cut can mitigate feelings of uncertainty or resentment among employees. By contrast, a lack of transparency can lead to mistrust, reduced morale, and disengagement. Research shows that transparency correlates with higher job satisfaction and lower turnover rates (Kerns, 2018). It also encourages open communication and collaboration, both of which are crucial for achieving organizational objectives.

Employee perceptions are powerful drivers of organizational behavior. If employees believe that they are part of an ethical, inclusive, and transparent organization, they are more likely to adopt behaviors that align with these values. This includes increased commitment, cooperation, and innovation. Conversely, negative perceptions, such as a belief that the organization is withholding information or being unfair, can lead to counterproductive work behavior, including apathy, absenteeism, or even sabotage.

Perception and reality, however, are not always the same. Perception is shaped by personal experiences, biases, and available information. For instance, an employee might perceive favoritism in the promotion process, even if the organization follows a merit-based policy. In such cases, it becomes essential for leaders to address the gap between perception and reality through clear communication and consistent actions. Transparency minimizes misunderstandings by aligning employee perceptions more closely with organizational reality.

In conclusion, transparency and positive employee attitudes are pivotal to fostering a healthy organizational culture. Leaders must prioritize transparent communication to ensure employees feel informed and valued, which, in turn, enhances organizational behavior. As employees are the backbone of any organization, aligning their perceptions with reality through transparent practices is not just beneficial—it is indispensable for long-term success.

References

Kerns, C. D. (2018). Building Trust in the Workplace: Strategies for Effective Leadership and Organizational Success. Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict, 22(2), 1-14.

 
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Plea Bargaining: Purpose & Critique

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Plea Bargaining: Purpose & Critique

(Plea Bargaining: Purpose & Critique)

answer the discussion question with a minimum of 150 words. Please use apa format for works cited. Then respond to student a and b response to the question with a minimum of 50 words.

question: at purpose does plea bargaining serve for the defense? For the prosecution? Given the criticism leveled against plea bargaining, do you believe that it is an acceptable practice?

STUDENT A: Plea Bargaining is useful to both the defendant and the prosecution. Firstly, according to Frank Schmalleger’s Criminal Justice Today, An Introductory Text for the 21st Century (pg. 322) a plea bargaining is “the process of negotiating an agreement among the defendant, the prosecutor, and the court as to an appropriate sentence. . . reduces the time required for the resolution of a criminal case.” This practice allows the necessary time that it typically takes for a court case to conclude and reduces it significantly. Allowing another case to be heard and does not waste both the jury’s and the judge’s time with a case that can be easily concluded. Since, the majority of those convicted of a crime that receives a plea bargain either has, poor evidence or there is a lot of evidence stacked against them. Not to mention this allows those who are convicted to have a shorter sentence. Regardless of the criticism of plea bargaining, I still think that the practice should be still used since it saves time for everyone in the courtroom. What do you think?

STUDENT B: A plea bargaining is an arrangement between a prosecutor and defense in which the suspect pleads guilty to a lesser sentence. The plea bargain is a quicker process for the courts and allow both the prosecutor and defense from going to trial. The purpose of a plea bargain for the defense is so that they could receive a lighter sentence instead of going to trial and getting the maximum sentence. It sometimes reduces the charges, so that instead of them getting charged with rape they will get charged with assault instead. Like I stated earlier it is a quicker process so the defendant doesn’t have to keep waiting and they can go one with their lives. For Prosecutors plea bargaining saves them the time and money that they will need in order to prepare for trial. I think plea bargaining is a great system for those who are guilty and want to save time and also get a lighter sentence. A trial cost money so a plea bargain helps saves a lot of money for the prosecutor, defender, and the courts. Yes it can be bad for someone who is not guilty and might take it so that they don’t have to waste their money and take their chances going to court. If the defendant is really guilty i think this would be their best chance of getting a lighter sentence.

 
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